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E-raamat: Numerical Simulation of Effluent Discharges: Applications with OpenFOAM

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(University of Ottawa, Canada), (Dalian University of Technology, China), (University of Ottawa, Canada)
  • Formaat: 126 pages
  • Sari: IAHR Monographs
  • Ilmumisaeg: 26-Jan-2023
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000819748
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Numerical Simulation of Effluent Discharges: Applications with OpenFOAM provides a resource for understanding the effluent discharge mechanisms and the approaches for modeling them. It bridges the gap between academia and industry with a focused approach in CFD modeling and providing practical examples and applications. With a detailed discussion on performing numerical modeling of effluent discharges in various ambient waters and with different discharge configurations, the book covers the application of OpenFOAM in effluent discharge modeling.

Features:





Discusses effluent discharges into various ambient waters with different discharge configurations. Focuses on numerical modeling of effluent discharges. Covers the fundamentals in predicting the mixing characteristics of effluents resulting from desalination plants. Reviews the past CFD studies on the effluent discharge modeling thoroughly. Provides guidance to researchers and engineers on the future steps in modeling of effluent discharges. Includes an introduction to OpenFOAM and its application in effluent discharge modeling.

The book will benefit both academics and professional engineers practicing in the area of environmental fluid mechanics and working on the effluent discharge modeling.

Chapter 3 of this book is available for free in PDF format as Open Access from the individual product page at www.routledge.com. It has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Preface viii
List of symbols
x
List of abbreviations
xi
1 Introduction
1(13)
1.1 Identifying the problem
1(3)
1.1.1 Integral models
2(1)
1.1.2 Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models
3(1)
1.2 Application of outfalls
4(2)
1.3 Different outfall configurations
6(4)
1.4 Various types of effluents
10(1)
1.5 Mixing zones
10(2)
1.6 Scope of the book
12(2)
References
13(1)
2 An introduction to numerical modeling
14(17)
2.1 Governing equations
14(1)
2.2 Model domain, boundaries, and initial conditions
15(2)
2.2.1 Model domain
15(1)
2.2.2 The boundaries
15(1)
2.2.3 Initial conditions
16(1)
2.3 Grid generation and sensitivity analysis
17(1)
2.3.1 Grid generation
17(1)
2.3.2 Grid sensitivity analysis
18(1)
2.4 Rigid lid and free surf ace boundaries
18(1)
2.4.1 Rigid lid
18(1)
2.4.2 Free surface boundaries
18(1)
2.5 Introduction to turbulence modeling
19(1)
2.6 Direct numerical simulation (DNS)
20(1)
2.7 Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) models
20(6)
2.7.1 The standard k-ε model
22(1)
2.7.2 The RNG k-ε model
23(1)
2.7.3 The realizable k-ε model
23(1)
2.7.4 The k-ω model
24(1)
2.7.5 The k-ω SST model
25(1)
2.7.6 The v2-ƒ model
26(1)
2.8 Large eddy simulation (LES)
26(1)
2.9 Detached eddy simulation (DES)
27(1)
2.10 Impact of buoyancy
27(1)
2.11 Summary
28(3)
References
29(2)
3 An introduction to OpenFOAM
31(32)
3.1 OpenFOAM solvers for effluent discharge modeling
31(6)
3.1.1 Model preparation
33(4)
3.2 Mesh generation in OpenFOAM
37(7)
3.2.1 Basic steps of mesh generation in OpenFOAM
37(3)
3.2.2 Common mesh generation methods
40(1)
3.2.3 Parameter definition
41(3)
3.3 Effluent discharge model preparation in OpenFOAM using pisoFoam solver
44(14)
3.3.1 PISO algorithm
44(3)
3.3.2 A new solver is born
47(3)
3.3.3 Preparation of the case file
50(1)
3.3.3.1 The constant directory
50(1)
3.3.3.2 The system directory
50(1)
3.3.3.3 The "time" directories
51(1)
3.3.3.4 Constant directory
51(2)
3.3.3.5 System directory
53(2)
3.3.3.6 Linear solver control
55(1)
3.3.3.7 Solution tolerances
56(1)
3.3.3.8 Preconditioned conjugate gradient solvers
56(1)
3.3.3.9 Time control
57(1)
3.4 Postprocessing with ParaView
58(5)
3.4.1 Isosurfaces and contour plots
58(1)
3.4.2 Vector plots
59(1)
3.4.3 Streamline plots
60(2)
3.4.4 Two ways for ParaView to create animation
62(1)
References
62(1)
4 Applications
63(29)
4.1 Review of past numerical studies in the field
63(21)
4.1.1 Discharge through inclined dense jets
63(9)
4.1.1.1 Discussion of differences in RANS and LES models for effluent mixing problems
72(2)
4.1.2 Vertical jets
74(2)
4.1.3 Horizontal jets
76(8)
4.1.4 Surface discharges
84(1)
4.2 Future steps in modeling of effluent discharges
84(4)
4.2.1 Turbulence modeling
84(2)
4.2.2 Effluents in stratified environments
86(1)
4.2.3 Effluents in rotating fluids
86(1)
4.2.4 Reaction processes
87(1)
4.2.5 Influence of waves
87(1)
4.2.6 Influence of interactions
87(1)
4.2.7 Machine learning approaches
87(1)
4.3 Conclusions
88(4)
References
89(3)
Appendix: Mesh generation in OpenFOAM: Al Mesh generation using the BlockMesh utility
92(21)
A.1 Introduction
92(1)
A.2 Configurations
92(1)
A.2.1 Vertices
92(1)
A.2.2 Blocks
92(1)
A3 Edges
93(1)
A.4 Boundary
93(1)
A.5 Merge Patch Pairs
93(5)
A.5.1 Tutorial I: Vertical discharges into a T-shaped domain
93(5)
A.6 Mesh generation using the salome utility
98(10)
A.6.1 Tutorial 2: A jet discharged into a channel bend
98(10)
A.7 Mesh generation using the SnappyHexMesh utility
108(5)
A.7.1 Tutorial 3: Effluents discharged into a domain with obstacles
108(5)
Index 113
Majid Mohammadian is a Professor at the University of Ottawa, Canada. He received his B.Sc. and M.Sc. in Civil Engineering from Sharif University of Technology, Iran and his Ph.D. in Applied Mathematics from Laval University, Canada. He has several years of consulting experience in numerical modeling of flow and sediment in dam reservoirs, rivers, and hydraulic structures. Upon completing his Ph.D., he worked as an NSERC postdoctoral fellow (20062007) in Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York University. He also worked as an NSERC postdoctoral fellow (20072008) for Environment Canada, and as a research scientist (20082009) in the Department of Earth, Atmosphere and Planetary Sciences at MIT. According to Scopus, he has published 110 papers.

Hossein Kheirkhah Gildeh is a graduate student in the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Ottawa, Canada. His research is mainly focused on the dispersion and mixing of effluent discharges into large water bodies. Along with his research, Mr. Kheirkhah Gildeh practices as a water resources engineering consulting engineer for Golder Associates Ltd. His other research interests include environmental fluid mechanics, computational fluid dynamics, turbulence models in effluent discharges, river and coastal engineering, dam breach analysis and OpenFOAM modeling. He has published six journal papers.

Xiaohui Yan is an Associate Professor in the Department of Water Resources Engineering at the Dalian University of Technology, China. He received his B.Sc in Agricultural Water Resources Engineering from Shenyang Agricultural University, China and his M.A.Sc and Ph.D. in Civil Engineering from the University of Ottawa, Canada. He has worked as a research associate and postdoctoral fellow at the University of Ottawa. He also worked as an engineer and vice head of the Research Center at Zhuanghe City Water Resources Construction Survey and Design Institute. He has published 16 journal papers during his Ph.D. study.
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