Contributors |
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x | |
Preface |
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xiii | |
Biography of Martin Kussmann |
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xiv | |
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Section I Genes, Proteins, and Nutrition |
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1 | (64) |
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1 The use of transcriptomics as a tool to identify differences in the response to diet |
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3 | (16) |
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1.1 New concepts in nutrition research |
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3 | (1) |
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1.2 Comprehensive phenotyping |
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3 | (1) |
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1.3 Phenotypic flexibility |
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4 | (1) |
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1.4 Factors that influence the transcriptome response to diet |
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5 | (5) |
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1.5 Using transcriptomics to explain mechanism behind differences in response to diet |
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10 | (1) |
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10 | (5) |
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15 | (4) |
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16 | (3) |
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2 Genetic or nutritional disturbances in folate-related pathways and epigenetic interactions |
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19 | (23) |
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19 | (1) |
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2.2 Nutrition and one-carbon metabolism |
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20 | (3) |
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2.3 Importance of DNA methylation at CpG dinucleotides |
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23 | (1) |
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2.4 Folate-dependent disorders: Dietary impact |
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24 | (3) |
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2.5 Genetic influences on phenotype and interactions with epigenetics |
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27 | (4) |
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2.6 Epigenetic inheritance across generations |
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31 | (3) |
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34 | (8) |
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35 | (7) |
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3 Early-life development and epigenetic mechanisms: Mediators of metabolic programming and obesity risk |
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42 | (23) |
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42 | (1) |
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3.2 Origins of DOHaD and its conceptual basis |
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43 | (1) |
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3.3 Epigenetic mechanisms |
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44 | (4) |
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3.4 Early-life nutrition, epigenetics, and metabolic programming |
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48 | (4) |
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52 | (2) |
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3.6 Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance |
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54 | (1) |
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3.7 The potential value of DOHaD principles and epigenetic biology to the improvement of human health |
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55 | (2) |
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57 | (8) |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (7) |
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Section II Bioactives and Phytonutrients |
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65 | (136) |
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4 Bioactive interactions in food and natural extracts |
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67 | (25) |
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4.1 Natural compounds as all compounds produced by nature |
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67 | (3) |
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4.2 Not all natural compounds are created active |
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70 | (1) |
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4.3 On the road of modern technologies for bioactive discovery |
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71 | (6) |
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4.4 Metabolomics strategies applied to bioactives biochemistry |
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77 | (4) |
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4.5 Bioactives as multi-target network instigators |
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81 | (4) |
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4.6 `Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food' --- outlook |
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85 | (7) |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (7) |
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5 Anthocyanins in metabolic health and disease |
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92 | (33) |
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92 | (1) |
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93 | (1) |
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5.3 Structural effects on stability |
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93 | (3) |
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5.4 Systemic bioavailability and tissue distribution |
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96 | (6) |
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5.5 Metabolism and nutrigenomic effects |
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102 | (12) |
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114 | (11) |
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114 | (1) |
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114 | (11) |
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6 Dietary antioxidants and bioflavonoids in atherosclerosis and angiogenesis |
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125 | (18) |
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125 | (1) |
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6.2 Dietary vitamins E and C and CVD |
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126 | (2) |
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6.3 Dietary polyphenols and CVD |
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128 | (6) |
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6.4 Flavonoids and angiogenesis |
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134 | (1) |
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135 | (8) |
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136 | (1) |
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137 | (6) |
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7 Genomics and proteomics approaches to identify resveratrol targets in cancer |
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143 | (13) |
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143 | (1) |
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7.2 Sources and health benefits of resveratrol |
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144 | (1) |
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7.3 Resveratrol for cancer prevention and therapy |
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145 | (2) |
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7.4 Functional genomics approaches to identify resveratrol targets in cancer |
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147 | (1) |
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7.5 Proteomics approaches to identify resveratrol targets in cancer |
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148 | (2) |
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7.6 Metabolomics approaches to identify pathways modified by resveratrol in cancer |
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150 | (2) |
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7.7 Epigenomic events induced by resveratrol in cancer |
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152 | (1) |
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7.8 Conclusions and perspectives |
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153 | (3) |
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153 | (3) |
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8 Genomic effects of food bioactives in neuroprotection |
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156 | (14) |
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8.1 Introduction: Nature and nurture |
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156 | (1) |
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8.2 Mechanism underlying food nurture |
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156 | (1) |
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8.3 Natural cellular nurture mechanisms |
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157 | (1) |
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8.4 Effects of food bioactives on genomic activity |
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158 | (1) |
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8.5 Epigenetic modulation |
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158 | (1) |
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8.6 Modulation of the epigenome by food bioactives |
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159 | (1) |
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8.7 Possible role of the genome in neuroprotection |
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160 | (1) |
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8.8 Countering risk factors associated with neurodegeneration |
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161 | (1) |
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8.9 Using food bioactives to restore epigenetic balance |
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161 | (1) |
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8.10 Targeting inflammation, energy, and free radicals |
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161 | (2) |
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8.11 Food bioactives that reduce inflammation |
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163 | (1) |
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8.12 Food bioactive effects on bioenergetics and redox balance |
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163 | (1) |
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8.13 Role of food bioactive acetyl-L-carnitine in neurodegeneration |
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163 | (1) |
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8.14 Process of S-palmitoylation and the role of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1c enzyme in the brain |
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164 | (1) |
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164 | (6) |
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165 | (5) |
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9 MicroRNAs: Bioactive molecules at the nexus of nutrition and disease |
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170 | (31) |
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9.1 Introduction to micro RNAs as dietary bioactive compounds |
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170 | (1) |
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9.2 Characteristics, biogenesis, and functions of miRNAs |
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171 | (2) |
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9.3 miRNA detection methods |
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173 | (1) |
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9.4 Small RNAs in the circulation |
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174 | (2) |
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9.5 Endogenous miRNAs and metabolic control |
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176 | (2) |
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9.6 miRNAs as biomarkers for diet and disease |
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178 | (6) |
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9.7 Absorption of dietary animal miRNAs in animal consumers |
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184 | (1) |
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9.8 Absorption of dietary plant miRNAs in animal consumers |
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185 | (3) |
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9.9 Contradictory evidence of dietary miRNA uptake |
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188 | (2) |
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9.10 Therapeutic potential of miRNAs |
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190 | (1) |
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9.11 Gut pathology may influence dietary miRNA uptake |
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191 | (2) |
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193 | (8) |
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195 | (1) |
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195 | (6) |
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Section III Prebiotics, Probiotics, Synbiotics, and the Gut Ecosystem |
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201 | (74) |
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10 Gut health and the personal microbiome |
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203 | (17) |
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10.1 Gut health and its concepts |
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203 | (3) |
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10.2 Microbiome and gut health --- from composition to function |
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206 | (5) |
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10.3 The personalized microbiome --- towards precision nutrition |
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211 | (3) |
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10.4 Conclusions and next-generation interventions |
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214 | (6) |
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215 | (1) |
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215 | (5) |
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11 Infant nutrition and the microbiome: Systems biology approaches to uncovering host--microbe interactions |
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220 | (38) |
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220 | (1) |
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11.2 Environmental factors influencing development of the infant gut microbiota |
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221 | (2) |
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11.3 Infant nutrition and the development of gut microbiota |
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223 | (3) |
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11.4 Host genetics and the development of gut microbiota |
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226 | (4) |
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11.5 Host--microbe interactions regulating host phenotype and gene expression |
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230 | (13) |
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11.6 Systems biology approaches to diet-dependent host--microbe interaction |
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243 | (4) |
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11.7 Summary and conclusions |
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247 | (11) |
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247 | (11) |
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12 Bioactive host--microbial metabolites in human nutrition with a focus on aromatic amino acid co-metabolism |
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258 | (17) |
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Francois-Pierre J. Martin |
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12.1 Introduction: Gut microbiota metabolism in nutrition, health and disease |
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258 | (1) |
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12.2 Short-chain fatty acid metabolism |
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259 | (1) |
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12.3 Bile acid metabolism |
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260 | (1) |
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12.4 Aromatic amino acid metabolism |
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261 | (8) |
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12.5 Conclusions and perspectives |
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269 | (6) |
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270 | (5) |
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Section IV Nutrigenomic and Proteomic Technologies |
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275 | (44) |
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13 Network analysis in systems nutrition |
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277 | (13) |
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277 | (1) |
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278 | (3) |
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281 | (1) |
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13.4 A General Framework for Network Analysis of Throughput data |
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282 | (2) |
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13.5 Examples of network analyses |
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284 | (2) |
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13.6 Conclusions and perspectives |
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286 | (4) |
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287 | (3) |
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14 Nutrigenomics analyses: Biostatistics and systems biology approaches |
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290 | (29) |
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14.1 Gene selection for nutrigenomics studies |
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290 | (1) |
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14.2 Specificity of high-dimension data and preprocessing before gene selection |
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291 | (1) |
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14.3 Exploratory and differential gene expression analysis |
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292 | (5) |
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14.4 Biomarker discovery in nutrigenomics: Gene selection and discrimination |
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297 | (13) |
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14.5 A Step Towards Data Integration: Searching for Correlation/Covariance Between Two Datasets |
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310 | (3) |
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14.6 From gene selection to systems biology |
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313 | (6) |
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315 | (4) |
Index |
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319 | |