| Institutional Abbreviations |
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xiii | |
| Preface |
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xv | |
| Acknowledgments |
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xviii | |
| Introduction: Seeing and Knowing |
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xxi | |
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1 Ancient Snakes, Modern Snakes: "What is a Snake?" |
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1 | (34) |
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Ancient and Ancestral Snake Lizards |
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8 | (1) |
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"Snakeness": A History of Names and Affinities |
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9 | (7) |
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10 | (1) |
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Somewhat after the Beginning |
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10 | (1) |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (1) |
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12 | (2) |
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The Phoenix of Neontology |
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14 | (1) |
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The Return of the Fossil as King |
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15 | (1) |
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"Snakeness," "Modern Snakes," and "Snake Lizards" |
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16 | (2) |
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"What Is a Snake Lizard?" |
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17 | (1) |
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The Skull of a Modern Snake Lizard |
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18 | (17) |
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The Basics of Skull Basics |
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20 | (1) |
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21 | (8) |
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The Bare-Bones Summary: Four Skull Categories |
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29 | (6) |
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2 Ancient Snake Lizards: The Fossil Record |
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35 | (32) |
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Mid to Late Jurassic---Laurasia |
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40 | (1) |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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Early Cretaceous---Laurasia |
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41 | (3) |
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41 | (3) |
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Early Cretaceous---Gondwanan Africa |
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44 | (1) |
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Valanginian---South Africa |
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44 | (1) |
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Late Cretaceous---Afro-Arabian Platform |
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45 | (3) |
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45 | (1) |
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45 | (2) |
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47 | (1) |
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Late Cretaceous---Adriatic-Dinaric Platform |
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48 | (1) |
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Cenomanian---Bosnia-Herzegovina |
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48 | (1) |
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Late Cretaceous---Gondwanan Africa |
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48 | (2) |
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Maastrichtian---Madagascar |
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48 | (2) |
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Late Cretaceous---Gondwanan South America |
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50 | (7) |
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50 | (1) |
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50 | (3) |
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Upper Santonian/Lower Campanian---Argentina |
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53 | (1) |
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A Brief History of Dinilysia patagonica |
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54 | (3) |
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Late Cretaceous---Gondwanan Asia |
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57 | (1) |
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57 | (3) |
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58 | (1) |
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Important Vertebral Form Taxa |
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58 | (2) |
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60 | (3) |
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Maastrichtian---Wyoming/Montana |
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60 | (2) |
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A Fossil Snake Lizard with Four Legs---Or Not? |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (4) |
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3 The Anatomy of Ancient Snake Lizards |
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67 | (98) |
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69 | (82) |
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Circumorbital Region: The Jugal |
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69 | (8) |
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The "Crista Circumfenestralis" |
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77 | (10) |
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87 | (13) |
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Intermandibular Joint: Dentary |
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100 | (7) |
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Extracolumellar Cartilages: Middle Ear |
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107 | (9) |
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116 | (12) |
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Suspensorium: Anatomy and Morphology |
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128 | (6) |
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Gape Size: Micro versus Macrostomate? |
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134 | (17) |
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151 | (12) |
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Basics of the Postcranium and "Short Tails" |
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151 | (3) |
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Cervicals and Intercentra: The "Lost Neck" of Snake Lizards |
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154 | (1) |
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Genes, Processes, and Linkages to Patterns: A Neck Found |
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154 | (4) |
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Cervical Intercentra: Check the Lost and Found |
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158 | (1) |
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Caudal Intercentra: Tales of the Tail Chasing Itself |
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159 | (2) |
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Limbloss and Limb Reduction |
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161 | (2) |
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Building the Ancestral Snake Lizard: "Essentials of an Archetype" |
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163 | (2) |
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4 Ancient Snake Lizard Paleoecology: Reading the Rocks for Habits and Habitats |
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165 | (28) |
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Sedimentary Rocks: Depositional Environments versus Paleoenvironments |
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166 | (2) |
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Facies and Paleoenvironments Do Not Equal Paleoecology |
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168 | (1) |
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Ancient Snake Lizard Depositional Environments |
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169 | (13) |
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Mid to Upper Jurassic of Laurasia |
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170 | (1) |
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Lower Cretaceous of Laurasia |
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171 | (1) |
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Lower Cretaceous of Gondwanan Africa |
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172 | (1) |
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Upper Cretaceous of the Afro-Arabian Platform |
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172 | (1) |
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Upper Cretaceous of the Adriatic-Dinaric Platform |
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173 | (1) |
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Upper Cretaceous of Gondwanan Africa |
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174 | (1) |
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Upper Cretaceous of Gondwanan South America |
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174 | (4) |
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Upper Cretaceous: Gondwanan Asia |
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178 | (1) |
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Form Taxon I: Upper Cretaceous of European Eastern North Atlantic |
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179 | (1) |
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Form Taxon II: Upper Cretaceous of North America |
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179 | (1) |
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180 | (2) |
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Hunting for Ancient Snakes |
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182 | (11) |
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182 | (1) |
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183 | (1) |
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The Ancient Kokorkom Desert, a Sand Sea or Paleoerg |
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183 | (2) |
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Facies Analysis and Facies Association |
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185 | (3) |
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Fossil Localities in the La Buitrera Paleontological Area |
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188 | (1) |
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188 | (5) |
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5 Origin Myths as Opposed to Scientific Hypotheses |
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193 | (26) |
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194 | (1) |
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195 | (1) |
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196 | (1) |
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196 | (1) |
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The Problem with Origin Myths |
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197 | (3) |
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Discarding the Burrowing Origins Myth |
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200 | (1) |
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Keeping a Close "Eye" on the Birth of a Myth |
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200 | (5) |
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Inverting the Phylogeny and Revisiting the Eye |
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205 | (2) |
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"Fossorial": Ecology versus Evolutionary Transformation |
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207 | (3) |
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To Be Marine, or Not to Be Marine, That Is the Question |
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210 | (1) |
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E.D. Cope: Mosasaurs and Snake Lizard Ancestry and Origins |
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211 | (1) |
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Caldwell and Lee (1997): Corrections to Twenty Years of Misrepresentation |
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212 | (4) |
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Thesis Statement Three: Land Ho! |
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216 | (3) |
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6 Ancient Snake Lizard Phylogeny: Where Do Modern Snake Lizards Belong? |
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219 | (40) |
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Deep Time, the Fossil Backbone, and Phylogeny |
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220 | (3) |
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Homolog Concepts: Morphology |
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223 | (2) |
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Homolog Concepts: Molecular Data |
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225 | (2) |
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Stumbling in the Present: A Brief History of Snake Lizard Phylogeny |
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227 | (1) |
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Snake Lizard Phylogeny: Problems of Sistergroup and Ingroup Relations |
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228 | (15) |
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243 | (7) |
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250 | (1) |
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"And Now for Something Completely Different..." |
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251 | (8) |
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End-Mesozoic Snake Lizard Phylogeny---The Fossil Backbone |
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251 | (1) |
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The Imagination Experiment |
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251 | (3) |
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254 | (5) |
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7 Beginnings: Where Do We Go from Here? |
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259 | (8) |
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Snake Lizards and the Philosopher's Playbook |
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262 | (1) |
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What I Think We Know: Beginnings |
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263 | (4) |
| References |
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267 | (22) |
| Index |
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289 | (10) |
| Author |
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299 | |
Lisainfo e-raamatute kohta