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E-raamat: Oxford Textbook of Anaesthesia for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Edition

Edited by (Consultant Anaesthetist, St John's Hospital NHS Lothian, Scotland), Edited by (Daniel CK Yu Professor, Dept of Anaesthesiology University of Hong Kong)
  • Formaat: 248 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 15-Apr-2023
  • Kirjastus: Oxford University Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780192508072
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Oxford Textbook of Anaesthesia for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second EditionSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 248 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 15-Apr-2023
  • Kirjastus: Oxford University Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780192508072
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Providing safe, effective anaesthesia for patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery presents unique challenges involving a wide range of complex procedures, treatments, and interventions to manage an array of pathologies.

This textbook is a practical, easy to read and engaging guide to the entire perioperative management process, encompassing everything that the practitioner needs to know. It utilises a clear, step-by-step approach to managing all aspects of anaesthesia for oral and maxillofacial surgery, from routine elective procedures to emergencies, difficult airways, cancer, and pain. A contemporary, evidence based approach and the most up-to-date techniques are described, with reference to current guidelines and standards. This comprehensive second edition will empower the novice, but also support more experienced practitioners and those who may occasionally be called upon to manage emergency cases.

Written by international experts in the field with many years of experience both conducting and teaching oral and maxillofacial anaesthesia, this textbook is an essential resource for all members of the multidisciplinary team who wish to improve their understanding of and confidence with anaesthesia for this surgery.
Abbreviations xv
Contributors xvii
1 Preoperative assessment
1(18)
Roger H. Y. Ho
David M. H. Lam
Introduction
1(1)
Range of procedures
1(1)
Airway evaluation and planning
1(1)
Pathology-specific considerations
2(2)
Environmental considerations
4(1)
Evaluation of comorbidities
4(6)
Preoperative risk stratification
10(2)
Perioperative management of medications
12(3)
Conclusion
15(4)
2 Difficult airway
19(10)
Craig Lyons
Ellen P. O'Sulhvan
Introduction
19(1)
Airway assessment
19(1)
The airway plan
20(1)
Positioning
20(1)
Preoxygenation
20(1)
Neuromuscular blockade
20(1)
Apnoeic oxygenation
21(1)
Bag mask ventilation
21(1)
Supraglottic airway devices
21(1)
Direct laryngoscopy
21(1)
Videolaryngoscopy
22(1)
Awake tracheal intubation
22(1)
Fibreoptic intubation
22(2)
Awake videolaryngoscopy
24(1)
Awake tracheostomy
24(1)
Retrograde intubation
24(1)
Blind nasal intubation
25(1)
Cricothyroidotomy
25(1)
Intubation for maxillomandibular fixation
25(1)
Tracheal extubation
26(1)
Human factors
27(1)
Conclusion
27(2)
3 Surgical airway
29(14)
William P. L. Bradley
Gordon A. Chapman
Introduction
29(1)
Anatomy
29(1)
Elective tracheostomy
30(1)
Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy
30(1)
Surgical tracheostomy
31(2)
Complications of surgical and percutaneous tracheostomy
33(1)
Submental tracheal intubation
33(1)
Emergency front of neck airway
34(2)
Use of ultrasound
36(1)
Conversion techniques
37(1)
Retrograde intubation
38(1)
Jet oxygenation
39(1)
Conclusion
40(1)
Acknowledgements
40(3)
4 Regional anaesthesia
43(14)
Shona Love
Ian Bailes
Introduction
43(1)
The face
43(3)
Anaesthetizing the face
46(1)
The scalp
47(1)
Anaesthetizing the scalp
47(1)
The nasal cavity
47(1)
Anaesthetizing the nasal cavity
48(1)
The mouth
49(1)
Anaesthetizing the mouth
49(1)
The pharynx
50(1)
Anaesthetizing the pharynx
51(1)
The larynx
51(1)
Anaesthetizing the larynx
52(1)
Awake tracheal intubation
52(1)
Complications of regional anaesthesia
53(1)
Conclusion
54(3)
5 Imaging
57(8)
Indu Mitra
Introduction
57(1)
Imaging modalities
57(1)
Trauma imaging
58(1)
Dentition
59(1)
Craniofacial anatomy
60(1)
Craniofacial fractures
60(3)
Infection
63(1)
Tumours
63(1)
Conclusion
64(1)
6 Sedation
65(12)
James W. D. Mann
Vivian Yuen
Introduction
65(1)
Aims of sedation
65(1)
Advantages of sedation
66(1)
Potential complications of sedation
66(1)
The ideal sedative agent
67(1)
Pharmacology of sedative agents
67(3)
Synergy of agents
70(1)
Conduct of sedation
71(1)
Conduct of surgery
72(1)
Safety and guidelines
72(1)
Preoperative assessment and preparation
73(1)
Monitoring
74(1)
Equipment availability
74(1)
Training and personnel
74(1)
Recovery and discharge
75(1)
Conclusion
75(2)
7 Hypotensive anaesthesia
77(6)
Kimberley Hodge
Patrick A. Ward
Michael G. Irwin
Introduction
77(1)
Background
77(1)
Physiology
77(1)
Indications
78(1)
Contraindications
78(1)
Conduct of deliberate hypotensive anaesthesia
79(1)
Pharmacological techniques for hypotensive anaesthesia
79(3)
Non-pharmacological techniques to minimize blood loss
82(1)
Conclusion
82(1)
8 Dental anaesthesia
83(10)
Jennifer Gosling
John Myatt
Introduction
83(1)
Background and history
83(1)
Preoperative assessment
84(1)
Consent
84(2)
Anaesthesia
86(3)
Postoperative complications and follow-up
89(1)
Sedation
89(1)
Conclusion
90(3)
9 Aesthetic surgery
93(14)
Carina Lee
Introduction
93(1)
Orofacial aesthetic surgery
93(1)
Preoperative assessment
93(1)
Anaesthesia for orofacial aesthetic procedures
94(2)
Surgical requirements for orofacial aesthetic procedures
96(1)
Postoperative priorities for orofacial aesthetic surgery
97(1)
Considerations for specific orofacial surgical procedures
97(5)
Considerations for non-surgical facial aesthetic procedures
102(2)
Revision surgery
104(1)
Acknowledgements
104(3)
10 Orthognathic surgery
107(16)
Patrick A. Ward
Michael G. Irwin
Introduction
107(1)
Preoperative assessment, preparation, and planning
107(3)
Preoperative consent and premedication
110(1)
Intraoperative management
110(7)
Tracheal extubation and emergence
117(1)
Postoperative management
118(3)
Specific orthognathic procedures
121(1)
Conclusion
121(2)
11 Paediatric surgery
123(12)
Silky Wong
Theresa Wan-Chun Hui
Introduction
123(1)
Preoperative evaluation
123(1)
Premedication
123(1)
Fasting
124(1)
Identification of the difficult airway and its management
124(1)
Induction of anaesthesia
125(1)
Tracheal tube selection
125(1)
Fluid management
126(1)
Analgesia
126(1)
Postoperative nausea and vomiting
126(1)
The compromised airway in the postoperative period
126(1)
Oromaxillofacial procedures
127(1)
Craniofacial procedures
128(1)
Orthognathic procedures
129(1)
Anaesthesia for craniofacial and orthognathic procedures
130(1)
Surgery for trauma
131(1)
Minor oromaxillofacial procedures
131(1)
Conclusion
132(3)
12 Infection
135(10)
Adam R. Duffen
David J. A. Vaughan
Introduction
135(1)
Epidemiology
135(1)
Pathophysiology
135(1)
Microbiology
136(1)
Antimicrobials
137(1)
Antibiotic prophylaxis
138(1)
Clinical assessment
138(1)
Management of the uncomplicated patient
139(1)
Management of the patient with serious complications
139(3)
Tracheal extubation and postoperative management
142(1)
Secondary infections
142(1)
Conclusion
143(2)
13 Trauma
145(10)
Rebecca Thurairatnam
Fauzia Mir
Introduction
145(1)
Epidemiology and aetiology
145(1)
Classification of fractures
145(2)
Associated injuries
147(1)
Emergency airway management
147(2)
Airway guidelines and maxillofacial trauma
149(1)
Anaesthetic management of maxillofacial trauma
150(3)
Conclusion
153(2)
14 Burns and inhalational injury
155(12)
Caroline A. R. Nicholas
Tim N. Vorster
Introduction
155(1)
Epidemiology
155(1)
The emergency department acute major burn admission
155(1)
Resuscitation
156(1)
Secondary survey
157(1)
Inhalation injury
158(1)
Systemic gaseous toxins
158(1)
Thermal injury to the airway
159(1)
Smoke injury to the lungs
160(1)
Chemical burns
161(1)
Other considerations in patients with airway burns
161(1)
Prognosis in the airway burns patient
162(1)
Critical care therapy
162(1)
Immediate major burn debridement
162(1)
General considerations in burns anaesthesia
162(1)
Burns pharmacology
163(1)
Long-term considerations
164(1)
Conclusion
164(3)
15 Malignancy
167(12)
Michelle Gerstman
Orla J. Lacey
Cyrus Kerawala
Introduction
167(1)
Anatomical distribution of malignancy
167(1)
Risk factors for malignancy
167(1)
Types of surgical procedures
167(1)
Treatment options
167(2)
Anaesthetic assessment
169(1)
Fourth National Audit Project
170(1)
Difficult Airway Society 2015 guidelines
170(1)
Awake airway management techniques
170(2)
Oxygenation techniques
172(1)
Airway devices
173(1)
Anaesthesia and perioperative care
173(1)
Tracheal extubation techniques
174(1)
Range of procedures
175(2)
Conclusion
177(2)
16 Postoperative care and planning
179(12)
Joshua H. Atkins
Christopher H. Rassekh
Andrew Herlich
Introduction
179(1)
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery
179(1)
Postoperative levels of care and monitoring
180(1)
Anaesthetic considerations
180(1)
Oral hygiene
181(1)
Tissue oedema
181(1)
Cognitive recovery
181(1)
Difficult airway identification
181(1)
Analgesia
182(1)
Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome
183(1)
Venous thromboprophylaxis
183(1)
Perioperative nutrition
183(1)
Neurological sequelae
184(1)
Perioperative antimicrobials
184(1)
Procedure-specific considerations
184(5)
Conclusion
189(2)
17 Surgical complications
191(10)
Justin P. Curtin
Gene Lee
Introduction
191(1)
Airway management
191(1)
Extubation planning and postoperative airway compromise
192(1)
Return to theatre!
193(1)
Bleeding
194(1)
Infection
194(1)
Other perioperative complications
194(1)
Procedure-specific complications
195(3)
Conclusion
198(3)
18 Non-technical skills
201(10)
Frances Lui
Introduction
201(1)
Anaesthetic non-technical skills (ANTS) framework
201(1)
Challenges of oromaxillofacial anaesthesia
201(1)
Task management
202(1)
Situation awareness
202(1)
ANTS applied to situation awareness
203(1)
Decision-making
204(1)
ANTS applied to decision-making
204(1)
Teamwork
205(1)
ANTS applied to teamwork
205(1)
Team communication
205(1)
Team performance
206(1)
Crisis resource management and simulation training
206(1)
Cognitive aids
207(1)
Continued path towards improving patient safety
207(1)
Conclusion
207(4)
19 Orofacial pain
211(14)
Stanley Sau Ching Wong
Chi Wai Cheung
Introduction
211(1)
Assessment for orofacial pain
211(1)
Classification
212(1)
Specific chronic orofacial pain disorders
213(7)
Conclusion
220(5)
Index 225
Patrick A. Ward, MB ChB, BSc, FRCA, is a Consultant Anaesthetist at St John's Hospital, Livingston, Scotland, with a special interest in difficult airway management, with expertise in anaesthesia for Oromaxillofacial, ENT, Head & Neck surgery, and major Burns. Previous appointments include Airway Lead and Consultant Anaesthetist at Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London (centre for Craniofacial surgery and Burns), and Locum Consultant at Charing Cross Hospital, London (centre for Head & Neck surgery and tracheal reconstruction). He has published over 50 articles in peer reviewed journals and periodicals, and authored several book chapters. He has been a journal reviewer for the International Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery and International Journal of Obstetric Anaesthesia, and has been an invited speaker at AAGBI and OAA conferences.

Michael G. Irwin, MB ChB, MD, FRCA, FCAI, FANZCA, FHKAM, is the Daniel CK Yu Professor in the Department of Anaesthesiology, University of Hong Kong. He is Past President of the Society of Anaesthetists of Hong Kong and of the Hong Kong College of Anaesthesiology. Prof. Irwin has published over 300 articles in peer reviewed scientific journals and is a regular invited journal reviewer. He is an editor of Anaesthesia, Perioperative Medicine, Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy and senior editor of the HK Medical Journal. He is on the Faculty of Evidence Based Perioperative Medicine (EBPOM) and was Chairman of the organising committee for the World Congress of Anaesthesia 2016. Research interests include intravenous anaesthesia, pharmacology, perioperative medicine/enhanced recovery and the effects of anaesthesia on cancer.
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