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E-raamat: Payment schemes for forest ecosystem services in China: Policy, practices and performance

  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Sari: Environmental Policy Series 5
  • Ilmumisaeg: 04-Sep-2023
  • Kirjastus: Wageningen Academic Publishers
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789086867547
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Payment schemes for forest ecosystem services in China: Policy, practices and performanceSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Sari: Environmental Policy Series 5
  • Ilmumisaeg: 04-Sep-2023
  • Kirjastus: Wageningen Academic Publishers
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789086867547
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Liang (researcher, China National Forestry Economics and Development Research Center) provides an evaluation of China's payment policies for forest ecosystem services, one of the Chinese government's policies initiated to reverse the degradation of its forests. The payment for ecosystem services (PES) policies are intended to change the traditional methods of forest management and to encourage sustainable use with financial incentives. The author explores theoretical perspectives for PES and local PES schemes in different locations of the country. His conclusion touches on their environmental effectiveness, economic impacts, participation, and other related topics. The book will interest policy makers and government advisers in China, donor agencies, academics, and students in related fields. Distributed in the U.S. by Enfield. Annotation ©2012 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

Faced with intensified ecological crisis, the Chinese government has sought policy interventions to reverse its forest degradation. Among the policy instruments is the Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) that aims to transform the pattern of traditional forest management and protection and to encourage forest sustainable use by financial incentive. This book provides a policy evaluation on the payment schemes for forest ecosystem services in China. It examines PES schemes with respect to ecological effectiveness, economic and livelihood impacts, participation of local people, and the interlinkages with forest tenure reform. The evaluation is based on different cases across China's main forested regions. The implementation of payment schemes in China shows improvements in forest management and protection and an incentive-based governance method is employed instead of 'command and control'. New forest use practices are also created to couple local livelihood requirements with ecological conservation. In addition, local farmers are more and more involved in the implementation of payment schemes.Providing a comprehensive assessment of payment policies for ecosystem services in China, this book will be of great interest to policy-makers and government advisers in China, international donor agencies, and academics and students with an interest in PES and forest governance.
Preface 7(6)
Abbreviations 13(2)
Chapter 1 Ecological crisis, forest protection and payment schemes
15(12)
1.1 Introduction
15(9)
1.1.1 China's forest resources
15(2)
1.1.2 China's economic development and ecological crisis
17(3)
1.1.3 Historical transitions in forestry
20(1)
1.1.4 Payments for environmental services around the world
21(1)
1.1.5 Emerging payment schemes in an era of ecological crisis
22(2)
1.2 Problem description
24(1)
1.3 Central research questions
25(1)
1.4 Outline of the thesis
26(1)
Chapter 2 Theoretical perspectives on payment schemes for forest ecosystem services
27(26)
2.1 Introduction
27(1)
2.2 Ecological Modernization Theory and China
27(8)
2.2.1 The development of Ecological Modernization Theory
27(2)
2.2.2 Ecological modernization as a social theory in China
29(2)
2.2.3 Ecological modernization as a political program in China
31(4)
2.3 Ecological Modernization Theory and forestry
35(2)
2.3.1 Economizing ecology
35(1)
2.3.2 Political modernization: the role of states
36(1)
2.4 Policy theories and forestry policy analysis
37(3)
2.5 Approaches to evaluating environmental policy
40(4)
2.6 An evaluative framework for payment schemes
44(9)
2.6.1 Institutional setting as the context
46(1)
2.6.2 The mechanism of payment schemes
47(1)
2.6.3 Forest use practice
48(1)
2.6.4 Evaluating the performance of FES payment schemes
49(4)
Chapter 3 China's forest policies - a historical transition to ecological conservation
53(20)
3.1 Introduction
53(1)
3.2 A history of forest resources management in China
53(3)
3.3 China's forestry administrative system and its organizations
56(2)
3.4 China's forest resources management policies
58(3)
3.4.1 Forest property right arrangements
58(1)
3.4.2 Forestland management policies
59(1)
3.4.3 Classification-based management
59(1)
3.4.4 Forest logging management
60(1)
3.5 China forestry ecological conservation projects
61(3)
3.5.1 Conversion of Cropland into Forest and Grassland Program
61(1)
3.5.2 Natural Forest Protection Program
62(2)
3.5.3 Other forestry ecological conservation projects
64(1)
3.6 China's policy on payment for ecosystem services
64(9)
3.6.1 General background on China's payment for ecological services
64(1)
3.6.2 China's payment policies for forest ecological services
65(2)
Intermezzo: research methodology
67(1)
I.1 Introduction
67(1)
I.2 Research design
67(3)
I.3 Methods of data collection
70(3)
Chapter 4 Emergence of local payment schemes for forest ecological services in Fujian Province
73(22)
4.1 Introduction
73(1)
4.2 Institutional setting for payment schemes in Fujian
74(3)
4.2.1 Classification-based forest management in Fujian
74(1)
4.2.2 Collective forest tenure reform in Fujian
75(1)
4.2.3 Political willingness of government for PES
76(1)
4.3 Payment schemes in Fujian Province
77(3)
4.4 Evaluating payment schemes for environmental services
80(12)
4.4.1 Introduction to the case site
80(2)
4.4.2 Data collection
82(2)
4.4.3 Performance of the payment schemes of Fujian province
84(8)
4.5 Conclusion
92(3)
Chapter 5 Implementing payment schemes for forest ecological services in a poverty-stricken area - Guangxi
95(34)
5.1 Introduction
95(2)
5.2 Institutional setting for payment schemes in Guangxi
97(6)
5.2.1 State-owned forest farms and villages for public benefit forest management
97(3)
5.2.2 Classification-based forest management and public benefit forest management policies
100(2)
5.2.3 Forestry industrial policy in Guangxi
102(1)
5.3 Payment schemes in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
103(1)
5.4 Introduction on the case sites
104(3)
5.5 Implementation of survey
107(2)
5.6 Evaluation on the implementation of payment policy by state-owned forest farms
109(10)
5.6.1 Environmental effectiveness
109(4)
5.6.2 Cost benefit analysis and efficiency
113(5)
5.6.3 Participation
118(1)
5.7 Evaluation of the implementation of payment policy by villages
119(7)
5.7.1 Environmental effectiveness
119(1)
5.7.2 Cost benefit analysis and livelihood impact
120(2)
5.7.3 Participation mechanism
122(4)
5.8 Discussion and conclusion
126(3)
Chapter 6 Payment schemes in the transition of collective forest tenure in Liaoning
129(30)
6.1 Introduction
129(1)
6.2 Institutional setting for payment schemes in Liaoning province
130(7)
6.2.1 Institutional arrangement for public benefit forest management
131(1)
6.2.2 Collective forest tenure reform in Liaoning Province
132(4)
6.2.3 Forestry industrial development as a solution
136(1)
6.3 Payment schemes in Liaoning Province
137(1)
6.4 Performance of the payment schemes
138(17)
6.4.1 Introduction to the case site
139(1)
6.4.2 Implementation of survey
140(2)
6.4.3 Payment policy evaluation
142(13)
6.5 Conclusion
155(4)
Chapter 7 Conclusion
159(32)
7.1 Introduction
159(1)
7.2 Comparison of the cases
160(14)
7.2.1 Various payment schemes
160(2)
7.2.2 Environmental effectiveness
162(3)
7.2.3 Economic impacts
165(5)
7.2.4 Participation
170(3)
7.2.5 The specific character of Chinese PES
173(1)
7.2.6 Conclusion
174(1)
7.3 Reflection on research and conceptual framework
174(4)
7.3.1 Reflection on the evaluative framework
174(3)
7.3.2 Reflection on research methods
177(1)
7.3.3 Reflection on Ecological Modernization Theory for China's forest sector
177(1)
7.4 Implication and recommendations for payment policies
178(2)
7.5 Recommendations for further research
180(11)
References
181(10)
Appendices
191(18)
Appendix A List of interviewees
191(2)
Appendix B Interview guide for local officers in forest management and protection
193(2)
Appendix C Questionnaire for farmer households involved in the payment schemes for forest ecosystem services
195(7)
Appendix D Survey questionnaires on the cost and benefit of public benefit forest management
202(6)
Appendix E Questionnaire on the quality of the public benefit forest
208(1)
Summary 209(4)
About the author 213
Lisainfo e-raamatute kohta Lisainfo e-raamatute kohta
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