Person-Environment Practice addresses a core but long- neglected dimension in social work and human services practice; accurate environmental assessment and strategic environmental intervention. Despite the centrality of "person-environment" as a key construct in direct practice, the domain of environmental assessment/intervention has received relatively little systematic attention in the practice literature. For a variety of reasons, the core focus of direct practice assessment and change strategies has centered more on "person" than "environment." This book seeks to redress that imbalance. Ironically, the relative lack of attention to environmentally oriented practice persists even as current demands of practice fall increasingly under the rubric of what we here call "environmental intervention," defined as both action in the environment and the process of transforming individual and collective perspectives through critical analysis of the impact of environmental conditions. The authors argue that the ability to understand "environment" from the client's perspective and to function effectively in the environmental domain is central to many emergent areas of practice such as practice with extended families and personal networks, practice from a "strengths" perspective, and culturally competent practice. In Person-Environment Practice, the authors offer a coherent critique and overview of environmental assessment and intervention congruent with the demands of both newly emerging and established interpersonal helping approaches within social work's domain. Robert Halpern of the Erikson Institute for Advanced Studies in Child Development described the book as "as clear, thoughtful and subtle a discussion of how to consider the environment in interpersonal helping as I have seen in the literature" and Anthony Maluccio of Boston College called the book "a timely and exciting contribution, with appreciation and respect for social work practices and qualities of inspiration as well as intellectual stimulation" Susan P. Kemp is assistant professor, School of Social Work, The University of Washington, Seattle. James K. Whittaker is professor, School of Social Work, The University of Washington, Seattle. Elizabeth M. Tracy is associate professor, Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
Foreword ix Terry Bamford Introduction xi An Introduction to Person-Environment Practice 1(20) Definition of Person-Environment Practice 2(1) The Building Blocks of Person-Environment Practice 3(6) Some Key Historical Ideas That Influence Person-Environment Practice 9(1) Some Key Features of Person-Environment Practice 10(5) P.E.P. and Related Practice Approaches 15(1) Challenges to Person-Environment Practice 16(2) Concluding Remarks 18(3) The Idea of Environment in Social Work Practice 21(30) Environmental Intervention in Historical Perspective 22(18) Bridging Person and Environment: Ecological and Systems Theory 40(5) Conclusions 45(6) Knowledge Foundations: Rethinking Environment for Social Work Practice 51(38) Social Work Perspectives 52(12) Critical and Constructivist Views of Environment 64(6) Ecological Systems Theory 70(3) Social and Physical Environments 73(6) Resilience, Protective Factors, and Environmental Risk 79(5) Definitions 84(5) Environmental Assessment 89(42) Assessment in Social Work 90(1) Assessment in Person-Environment Practice (P.E.P.) 91(3) Sources of Data for Environmental Assessment 94(2) Frameworks for Environmental Assessment 96(11) Mapping Social Network Resources: The Social Network Map 107(10) Guidelines for Social Network/Support Assessments 117(2) Guidelines for Social Network/Support Goal-Setting 119(2) Summary 121(2) Environmental Assessment: Tools and Methods 123(5) Case Vignettes 128(3) Environmental Interventions 131(44) Intervention in Social Work Practice 132(2) Environmental Intervention in Social Work Practice 134(2) Environmental Intervention in Person-Environment Practice 136(1) The Process of Environmental Change 137(2) Social Network Interventions 139(19) General Considerations for Implementing Environmental Interventions 158(8) Summary: Ways to be Environmentally Oriented 166(9) The Diversity of Environmental Experience 175(24) Race, Class, and Environment 176(4) Women and Environment 180(3) Sexuality and Space 183(3) The Contexts of Disability 186(3) Environments at the Beginning and End of Life 189(7) Conclusion 196(3) Current Issues and Future Challenges for Person-Environment Practice 199(16) The Challenge of Knowledge Development 199(5) The Challenge of Knowledge Dissemination 204(3) Professional, Organizational, and Political Challenges for Person-Environment Practice 207(4) A Postscript on Direct Practice 211(4) References 215(33) Author Index 248(9) Subject Index 257
Susan P. Kemp is Assistant Professor, School of Social Work, The University of Washington, Seattle. James K. Whittaker is Professor, School of Social Work, The University of Washington, Seattle. Elizabeth M. Tracy is Associate Professor, Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.
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