Introduction to the Series |
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v | (2) |
Preface |
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vii | (1) |
Editor's Note |
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viii | (3) |
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xi | (3) |
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xiv | (1) |
Conversion Factors |
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xv | (1) |
Abbreviations and Acronyms |
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xvi | |
Abstract |
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1 | (2) |
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3 | (8) |
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3 | (1) |
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4 | (5) |
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9 | (2) |
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Chapter 2. Characteristics of Studies Reviewed |
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11 | (122) |
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11 | (6) |
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2.2 General Design Features |
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17 | (1) |
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17 | (5) |
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2.4 Geographic Distribution |
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22 | (1) |
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2.5 Temporal Distribution |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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2.7 Analytical Limits of Detection |
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23 | (2) |
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2.8 Influence of Study Design |
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25 | (108) |
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Chapter 3. Overview of Occurrence and Distribution of Pesticides in Relation to Use |
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133 | (84) |
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133 | (2) |
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3.2 National Pesticide Use |
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135 | (49) |
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136 | (41) |
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Pesticide Use in Urban Areas |
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177 | (3) |
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Pesticide Use in Forestry |
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180 | (3) |
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Pesticide Use on Roadways and Rights-of-Way |
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183 | (1) |
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183 | (1) |
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3.3 Occurrence and Distribution in Relation to Use |
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184 | (25) |
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184 | (1) |
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Organochlorine Insecticides |
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184 | (6) |
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Organophosphorus Insecticides |
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190 | (4) |
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Triazine and Acetanilide Herbicides |
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194 | (6) |
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200 | (6) |
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Other Herbicides, Insecticides, and Fungicides |
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206 | (1) |
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206 | (1) |
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207 | (1) |
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208 | (1) |
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3.4 Long-Term Trends in Pesticide Occurrence in Surface Waters |
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209 | (8) |
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Organochlorine Insecticides |
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209 | (2) |
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Organophosphorus and Other Insecticides |
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211 | (1) |
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Triazine and Acetanilide Herbicides |
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211 | (6) |
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Chapter 4. Factors Controlling the Behavior and Fate of Pesticides in Surface Waters |
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217 | (18) |
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4.1 Sources of Pesticides to Surface Waters |
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217 | (10) |
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217 | (1) |
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Pesticides from Agricultural Applications |
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217 | (2) |
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Pesticides from Forestry Applications |
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219 | (1) |
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Pesticides from Roadways and Rights-of-Way |
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220 | (1) |
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Pesticides from Urban and Suburban Applications |
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221 | (1) |
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Pesticides from Aquatic Applications |
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222 | (1) |
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Pesticides from Manufacturing Waste and Accidental Spills |
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223 | (1) |
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Pesticides from Ground Water |
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224 | (1) |
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Pesticides from the Atmosphere |
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225 | (1) |
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Pesticides from Bed Sediments |
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226 | (1) |
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4.2 Behavior and Fate of Pesticides in Surface Waters |
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227 | (8) |
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227 | (1) |
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227 | (3) |
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230 | (2) |
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Transport of Pesticides in Surface Waters |
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232 | (3) |
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Chapter 5. Analysis of Key Topics--Sources, Behavior, and Transport |
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235 | (28) |
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5.1 Seasonal Patterns of Pesticide Occurrence |
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235 | (9) |
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5.2 Sources and Concentrations of Pesticides in Remote Water Bodies |
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244 | (2) |
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5.3 Impact of Urban-Use Pesticides on Surface Water Quality |
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246 | (2) |
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5.4 Impact of Forestry-Use Pesticides on Surface Water Quality |
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248 | (2) |
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5.5 Pesticide Transformation Products in Surface Waters |
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250 | (3) |
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5.6 Modeling of Pesticides in Surface Waters |
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253 | (10) |
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Structure-Activity Models |
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254 | (2) |
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256 | (2) |
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Surface Water Transport Models |
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258 | (1) |
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258 | (2) |
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260 | (3) |
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Chapter 6. Analysis of Key Topics--Environmental Significance |
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263 | (22) |
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6.1 Implications for Human Health |
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263 | (12) |
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6.2 Implications for Health of Aquatic Organisms |
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275 | (1) |
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Pesticide Concentrations Exceeding Aquatic-Life Criteria Values |
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275 | (3) |
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Fish Kills Attributed to Pesticides |
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278 | (1) |
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Effects of Atrazine on Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems |
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279 | (1) |
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6.3 Environmental Significance of Pesticide Transformation Products in Surface Waters |
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280 | (5) |
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Chapter 7. Summary and Conclusions |
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285 | (3) |
Appendix: Glossary of Common and Chemical Names of Pesticides |
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288 | (25) |
References |
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313 | (30) |
Index |
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343 | |