| Preface to the English Edition |
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| Part I. Theory |
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1 | (270) |
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Chapter 1 General Physics |
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3 | (12) |
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3 | (5) |
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Problem 1.1. The SI and the cgs systems |
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3 | (1) |
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Problem 1.2. The pressure due to high heels and elephants |
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4 | (1) |
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Problem 1.3. The part of the iceberg above the sea |
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5 | (2) |
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Problem 1.4. The altitude angle of the Sun |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (7) |
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Problem 1.5. Dimensional analysis and scale transformation |
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8 | (3) |
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Problem 1.6. Why don't clouds fall? |
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11 | (4) |
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15 | (76) |
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15 | (16) |
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2.1 Motion with a Constant Acceleration |
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15 | (2) |
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16 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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2.3 The Law of Conservation of Energy |
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18 | (11) |
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2.3.1 Work and Kinetic Energy |
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18 | (2) |
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2.3.2 Conservative Forces and Non-conservative Forces |
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20 | (1) |
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21 | (1) |
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2.3.4 Examples of Potential Energy |
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22 | (1) |
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Gravitational Potential Energy |
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22 | (1) |
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22 | (2) |
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2.3.5 The Law of Conservation of Mechanical Energy |
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24 | (1) |
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2.3.6 Energy Transfer between Interacting Bodies |
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25 | (3) |
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2.3.7 Work Done by Non-conservative Forces |
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28 | (1) |
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2.4 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation and Kepler's Laws |
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29 | (2) |
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2.4.1 Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation |
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29 | (1) |
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2.4.2 Gravitational Potential Energy |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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31 | (21) |
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Problem 2.1. A ball falling from a bicycle |
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31 | (1) |
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Problem 2.2. A ball thrown off a cliff |
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32 | (2) |
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Problem 2.3. The trajectory of a ball |
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34 | (2) |
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Problem 2.4. The motion of a train |
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36 | (3) |
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39 | (4) |
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Problem 2.6. Small objects sliding on different descendent paths |
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43 | (1) |
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Problem 2.7. An inclined plane |
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44 | (2) |
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Problem 2.8. A space probe launched to converge With the orbit of Pluto |
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46 | (6) |
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52 | (19) |
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2.5 Conservation of Momentum |
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52 | (2) |
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2.5.1 Momentum and Impulse |
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52 | (1) |
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2.5.2 The Law of Conservation of Momentum |
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53 | (1) |
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2.6 Moment of Force and Angular Momentum |
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54 | (2) |
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56 | (8) |
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2.7.1 Two-Dimensional Polar Coordinates |
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56 | (2) |
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2.7.2 Universal Gravitation Acting on Planets |
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58 | (1) |
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2.7.3 Moment of Central Forces |
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59 | (2) |
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61 | (3) |
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2.8 Motion and Energy of Rigid Bodies |
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64 | (7) |
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2.8.1 Motion of Rigid Bodies |
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65 | (3) |
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2.8.2 Rotational Kinetic Energy of Rigid Bodies |
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68 | (3) |
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71 | (20) |
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Problem 2.9. The Atwood machine with friction |
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71 | (7) |
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Problem 2.10. The rotation of rods |
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78 | (7) |
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Problem 2.11. The expanding universe |
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85 | (6) |
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Chapter 3 Oscillations and Waves |
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91 | (32) |
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91 | (5) |
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3.1 Simple Harmonic Oscillation |
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91 | (2) |
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93 | (3) |
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96 | (4) |
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Problem 3.1. A graph of a sinusoidal wave |
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96 | (2) |
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Problem 3.2. An observation of sound using microphones |
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98 | (2) |
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100 | (10) |
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3.3 Superposition of Waves |
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100 | (7) |
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3.3.1 The Young's Double-Slit Experiment |
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100 | (3) |
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103 | (3) |
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106 | (1) |
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107 | (3) |
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3.4.1 The Doppler Effect of Light |
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109 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (13) |
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Problem 3.3. The propagation velocity of a water wave |
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110 | (5) |
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Problem 3.4. The dispersion of light and refractive index |
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115 | (8) |
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Chapter 4 Electromagnetism |
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123 | (62) |
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123 | (6) |
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4.1 Direct-Current Circuits |
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123 | (3) |
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4.1.1 Electric Current and Resistance |
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123 | (1) |
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Definition of the unit of current and Ohms law |
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123 | (1) |
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124 | (1) |
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4.1.2 Resistors in Series and in Parallel |
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124 | (2) |
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126 | (1) |
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Kirchhoff's junction rule |
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126 | (1) |
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4.2 Magnetic Field and Electromagnetic Induction |
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126 | (3) |
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127 | (1) |
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4.2.2 Magnetic Force on Current |
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128 | (1) |
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4.2.3 Electromagnetic Induction |
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128 | (1) |
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129 | (8) |
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Problem 4.1. A circuit with two batteries |
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129 | (2) |
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Problem 4.2. A three-dimensional connection of resistors |
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131 | (3) |
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Problem 4.3. A hand dynamo |
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134 | (3) |
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137 | (20) |
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4.3 Electric Charge and Electric Field |
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137 | (6) |
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137 | (4) |
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4.3.2 Capacitors and Energy of Electric Field |
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141 | (2) |
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4.4 Current and Magnetic Field |
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143 | (9) |
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4.4.1 Magnetic Field Generated by Current in Straight Wire |
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143 | (1) |
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144 | (4) |
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148 | (4) |
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4.4.4 Electromagnetic Induction and Self-Inductance |
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152 | (1) |
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The law of electromagnetic induction |
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152 | (5) |
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157 | (28) |
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Problem 4.4. The law of Bio and Savart |
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157 | (7) |
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Problem 4.5. The propagation of electromagnetic waves |
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164 | (7) |
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I The law of electromagnetic induction in a small area |
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164 | (1) |
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165 | (1) |
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III Maxwell-Ampere's law in small region |
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166 | (2) |
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IV The propagation speed of an electromagnetic wave |
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168 | (3) |
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Problem 4.6. The motion of charged particles in a magnetic field |
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171 | (14) |
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185 | (38) |
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185 | (2) |
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185 | (2) |
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5.1.1 Empirical temperature |
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185 | (1) |
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5.1.2 One Mole and Avogadro's Number |
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185 | (1) |
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5.1.3 Equation of State for Ideal Gas |
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186 | (1) |
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5.1.4 Quantity of Heat and Heat Capacity |
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186 | (1) |
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187 | (6) |
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Problem 5.1. Properties of temperature |
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187 | (2) |
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Problem 5.2. Potential energy and heat |
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189 | (1) |
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Problem 5.3. Change of the state of an ideal gas |
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190 | (2) |
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Problem 5.4. Making water hotter than tea |
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192 | (1) |
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193 | (9) |
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5.2 Kinetic Theory of Gases |
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193 | (4) |
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194 | (2) |
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196 | (1) |
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5.3 The First Law of Thermodynamics |
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197 | (5) |
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5.3.1 Quasi-Static Process |
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197 | (1) |
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5.3.2 The First Law of Thermodynamics |
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198 | (4) |
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202 | (21) |
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Problem 5.5. Brownian motion |
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202 | (9) |
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I Concentration of powder particles and osmotic pressure |
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203 | (2) |
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205 | (1) |
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III Diffusion coefficient and Einstein's relation |
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205 | (1) |
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IV Particle colliding with water molecules |
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206 | (2) |
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V Behavior of a particle in the diffusion |
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208 | (3) |
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Problem 5.6. Thermal conduction |
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211 | (12) |
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223 | (48) |
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223 | (5) |
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Problem 6.1. Tests of general relativity |
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223 | (5) |
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228 | (25) |
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Problem 6.2. Theory of special relativity and its application to GPS |
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228 | (13) |
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Problem 6.3. The Bohr model and super-shell |
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241 | (12) |
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Problem 6.4. Fate of the Sun |
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253 | (1) |
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Discovery of a strange star, white dwarf |
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253 | (1) |
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Particle motion in a very small scale — Heisenberg uncertainty principle |
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254 | (1) |
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A new type of coordinate, phase space |
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255 | (1) |
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Degenerate state of electrons |
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256 | (1) |
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Degenerate pressure of electrons |
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257 | (1) |
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Relativistic and non-relativistic kinetic energy |
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258 | (1) |
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Degenerate pressure in the three-dimensional space |
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259 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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Gravitational energy of a star |
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261 | (1) |
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262 | (1) |
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263 | (1) |
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264 | (7) |
| Part II. Experiment |
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271 | (50) |
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Chapter 7 How to Measure and Analyze Data |
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273 | (26) |
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7.1 Some Hints for Experiments |
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273 | (7) |
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1 Imagine the whole procedure of measurements before making the measurements |
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273 | (1) |
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2 You do not need to make each measurement very precisely |
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274 | (1) |
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275 | (2) |
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4 Measurements with a vernier |
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277 | (3) |
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7.2 Measurement Errors and Significant Figures |
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280 | (1) |
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281 | (4) |
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7.4 Errors in Indirect Measurements and Error Propagation |
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285 | (3) |
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7.5 Best-fit to a Linear Function |
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288 | (4) |
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7.6 Best-fit to a Logarithmic Function |
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292 | (4) |
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296 | (3) |
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Chapter 8 Practical Exercises |
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299 | (22) |
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299 | (8) |
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Problem 8.1. Confirming Boyle's law |
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299 | (3) |
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Problem 8.2. Confirming Charles' law |
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302 | (2) |
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Problem 8.3. Measuring the atmospheric pressure |
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304 | (3) |
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Practical Exercise 2 Measuring Planck's constant |
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307 | (14) |
| Appendix. Mathematical Physics |
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321 | (34) |
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A.1 Inverse Trigonometric Functions |
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321 | (2) |
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A.2 Useful Coordinate Systems |
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323 | (10) |
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A.2.1 Two-Dimensional Polar Coordinate System |
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323 | (4) |
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A.2.2 Cylindrical Coordinate System |
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327 | (2) |
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A.2.3 Spherical Coordinate System |
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329 | (4) |
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333 | (2) |
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334 | (1) |
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A.4 Taylor Polynomials as Approximation Formulae |
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335 | (3) |
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338 | (1) |
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339 | (4) |
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A.7 Differential Equations 1 (Separation of Variables) |
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343 | (1) |
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A.8 Differential Equations 2 (Linear) |
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344 | (5) |
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A.9 Partial Differential Equation |
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349 | (3) |
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A.10 Differential Equations and Physics |
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352 | (3) |
| Index |
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355 | |
Lisainfo e-raamatute kohta