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E-raamat: Physiology of Elasmobranch Fishes: Internal Processes

Edited by (University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada), Edited by (University of British Columbia, USA), Edited by (Canada Research Chair, Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver B.C., Canada)
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  • Sari: Fish Physiology
  • Ilmumisaeg: 16-Nov-2015
  • Kirjastus: Academic Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780128014370
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  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Sari: Fish Physiology
  • Ilmumisaeg: 16-Nov-2015
  • Kirjastus: Academic Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780128014370

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Fish Physiology: Physiology of Elasmobranch Fishes, Volume 34B is a useful reference for fish physiologists, biologists, ecologists, and conservation biologists. Following an increase in research on elasmobranchs due to the plight of sharks in today’s oceans, this volume compares elasmobranchs to other groups of fish, highlights areas of interest for future research, and offers perspective on future problems. Covering measurements and lab-and-field based studies of large pelagic sharks, this volume is a natural addition to the renowned Fish Physiology series.Provides needed comprehensive content on the physiology of elasmobranchsOffers a systems approach between structure and interaction with the environment and internal physiologyContains contributions by leading experts in their respective fields, under the guidance of internationally recognized and highly respected editorsHighlights areas of interest for future research, including perspective on future problems

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This useful reference offers a detailed synthesis of the physiology of elasmobranchs, comparing them to other groups of fish, highlighting areas of interest for future research, and sharing perspectives on future problems.
Contents of Physiology of Elasmobranch Fishes: Structure and Interaction with Environment, Volume 34A ix
Contributors xiii
Preface xv
List of Abbreviations
xix
1 Elasmobranch Cardiovascular System
Richard W. Brill
N. Chin Lai
1 Introduction
2(1)
2 Cardiovascular Function and Energetics
3(21)
3 Factors Controlling and Effecting Cardiovascular Function
24(13)
4 Signaling Mechanisms Effecting Blood Vessel Diameter
37(11)
5 The Action Potential and Excitation-Contraction (EC) Coupling in Elasmobranch Hearts: The Influences of Environmental, Biochemical, and Molecular Factors
48(6)
6 Practical Applications: Physiology in the Service of Elasmobranch Conservation
54(3)
7 Summary
57(27)
2 Control of Breathing in Elasmobranchs
William K. Milsom
Edwin (Ted) W. Taylor
1 Introduction
84(1)
2 Ventilation: Efferent Motor Output to the Respiratory Muscles
85(6)
3 Central Respiratory Rhythm Generation: The Source of the Motor Output
91(3)
4 The Respiratory Pattern: The Conditional Nature of the Output
94(9)
5 Relationships Between Ventilation and Heart Rate
103(5)
6 Afferent Input
108(7)
7 Conclusions
115(13)
3 Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport in Elasmobranchs
Phillip R. Morrison
Kathleen M. Gilmour
Colin J. Brauner
1 Introduction
128(4)
2 Blood-Oxygen Transport
132(52)
3 Transport and Elimination of Carbon Dioxide
184(13)
4 Conclusions and Perspectives
197(25)
4 Organic Osmolytes in Elasmobranchs
Paul H. Yancey
1 Introduction
222(2)
2 Osmoconformers Versus Osmoregulators
224(9)
3 Properties of Organic Osmolytes
233(23)
4 Metabolism and Regulation
256(7)
5 Evolutionary Considerations
263(1)
6 Knowledge Gaps and Future Directions
264(16)
5 Regulation of Ions, Acid-Base, and Nitrogenous Wastes in Elasmobranchs
Patricia A. Wright
Chris M. Wood
1 Introduction
280(1)
2 Ionoregulation
280(18)
3 Acid-Base Balance
298(12)
4 Nitrogenous Wastes
310(17)
5 Concluding Remarks
327(21)
6 Feeding and Digestion in Elasmobranchs: Tying Diet and Physiology Together
Carol Bucking
1 Introduction
348(2)
2 Feeding Habits of Elasmobranchs
350(15)
3 Elasmobranch Gastrointestinal Tract Anatomy
365(8)
4 Digestive Enzymes and Secretions
373(6)
5 Effects of Digestion on Homeostasis
379(2)
6 Future Perspectives
381(15)
7 Metabolism of Elasmobranchs (Jaws II)
J.S. Ballantyne
1 Introduction
396(2)
2 Evolutionary Context
398(1)
3 Diet and Digestion
399(5)
4 Oxidative Metabolism
404(3)
5 Carbohydrate Metabolism
407(4)
6 Nitrogen Metabolism
411(15)
7 Lipid and Ketone Body Metabolism
426(9)
8 Vitamin Metabolism
435(1)
9 Xenobiotic Metabolism
436(1)
10 Conclusions and Perspectives
437(21)
8 Endocrine Systems in Elasmobranchs
W. Gary Anderson
1 Introduction
458(1)
2 Pituitary Gland
459(13)
3 Corticosteroids and Catecholamines
472(12)
4 Gastro-Entero-Pancreatic Hormones
484(13)
5 The Heart as an Endocrine Gland
497(5)
6 The Kidney as an Endocrine Gland
502(3)
7 The Pineal
505(1)
8 Calcium Regulation
506(2)
9 Conclusions and Perspectives
508(23)
Index 531(18)
Other Volumes in the Fish Physiology Series 549
Dr. Tony Farrell is a Professor Emeritus in the Department of Zoology & Faculty of Land and Food Systems at the University of British Columbia and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. His research had provided an understanding of fish cardiorespiratory systems and has applied this knowledge to salmon migratory passage, fish stress handling and their recovery, sustainable aquaculture and aquatic toxicology. He has over 490 research publications in peer-reviewed scientific journals and an h-factor of 92. He has co-edited of 30 volumes of the Fish Physiology series, as well as an award-winning Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology. As part of his application of physiology to aquaculture, he has studied the sub-lethal impacts of sea lice and piscine orthoreovirus on the physiology of juvenile salmon. Dr. Farrell has received multiple awards, including the Fry Medal, which is the highest honour to a scientist from the Canadian Society of Zoologists, the Beverton Medal, which is the highest honour to a scientist from the Fisheries Society of the British Isles, the Award of Excellence, which is the highest honour of the American Fisheries Society and the Murray A. Newman Awards both for Research and for Conservation from the Vancouver Marine Sciences Centre. He is a former President of the Society of Experimental Biologists and a former Editor-in-Chief for the Journal of Fish Biology. He served as a member of the Ministers Aquaculture Advisory Committee on Finfish Aquaculture for British Columbia and was a member of the Federal Independent Expert Panel on Aquaculture Science. Dr. Colin Brauner was educated in Canada at the University of British Columbia (Ph D), followed by a Post-doctoral fellowship at Aarhus University and the University of Southern Denmark, and was a Research Associate at McMaster University. He is a Professor of Zoology, UBC and Director of the UBC Aquatics Facility. He has been a Co-Editor of the Fish Physiology series since 2006. His research investigates environmental adaptations (both mechanistic and evolutionary) in relation to gas-exchange, acid-base balance and ion regulation in fish, integrating responses from the molecular, cellular and organismal level. The ultimate goal is to understand how evolutionary pressures have shaped physiological systems among vertebrates and to determine the degree to which physiological systems can adapt/acclimate to natural and anthropogenic environmental changes. This information is crucial for basic biology and understanding the diversity of biological systems, but much of his research conducted to date can also be applied to issues of aquaculture, toxicology and water quality criteria development, as well as fisheries management. His achievements have been recognized by the Society for Experimental Biology, UK (Presidents medal) and the Canadian Conference for Fisheries Research (J.C. Stevenson Memorial Lecturer) and the Vancouver Marine Sciences Centre (Murray A. Newman Award for Aquatic Research). He is a former President of the Canadian Society of Zoologists.