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E-raamat: Population Genetics with R: An Introduction for Life Scientists

(Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, USA), (Associate Professor, Department of Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, USA)
  • Formaat: 256 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 25-Feb-2021
  • Kirjastus: Oxford University Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780192565037
  • Formaat - PDF+DRM
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  • Formaat: 256 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 25-Feb-2021
  • Kirjastus: Oxford University Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780192565037

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Population genetics is an inherently quantitative discipline, yet often focuses upon abstract concepts which can be difficult to conceptualize and appropriately visualize at first glance. This book focuses on applying the hugely popular R software specifically to the field, offering an accessible, step-by-step guide to tackling the challenges of achieving effective data interpretation and summary. The authors adopt an engaging "learning by doing" approach that will enable readers to develop an intuitive understanding of key population genetics concepts through the use of R.

Beginning with the groundwork of installing and using R (including CRAN and the RStudio IDE), the book works through the use of basic commands for data manipulation. An introduction to basic terminology in population genetics follows, clearly explaining how these fundamental assumptions can provide insights and form basic inferences for real populations. The focus then moves onto statistical tests including writing and running algorithms as functions. Subsequent chapters examine genetic variation, adaptation, and natural selection as well as different approaches to population differences. Importantly, the accompanying set of practical exercises demonstrate that implementing all of these concepts via programming can actually help greatly in understanding them, even if they may at first seem insurmountably complex. Finally, this accessible textbook points the way forwards to other key concepts that are important to understanding modern day population genetics research (in particular coalescent theory) and offers the reader useful launching points for further learning.

Population Genetics with R is aimed at students ranging from undergraduate to postgraduate level in the fields of population genetics, ecology, evolutionary biology, conservation genetics, computational biology, and biostatistics.
Acknowledgements v
Chapter 1 Learning through Programming
1(6)
1.1 Introduction
1(4)
1.2 Organization
5(2)
Chapter 2 Downloading and Installing R
7(8)
2.1 Introduction to R
8(4)
2.2 Working directories and saving
12(3)
Chapter 3 Basic Commands in R
15(20)
3.1 Input and calculations
15(3)
3.2 Assigning objects to variables
18(1)
3.3 Parts of a function
19(3)
3.4 Classes of objects
22(5)
3.5 Matrices
27(8)
Chapter 4 Allele and Genotype Frequencies
35(30)
4.1 Introduction to population genetics
35(11)
4.2 Simulating genotypes
46(10)
4.3 Calculating allele frequencies from datasets
56(9)
Chapter 5 Statistical Tests and Algorithms
65(28)
5.1 Deviation from expectations
65(8)
5.2 Extending to more than two alleles
73(10)
5.3 Blood types and allele frequencies
83(4)
5.4 Expectation Maximization algorithm
87(6)
Chapter 6 Genetic Variation
93(32)
6.1 Genetic drift and evolutionary sampling
93(16)
6.2 Variation over time
109(7)
6.3 Quantifying variation
116(5)
6.4 Equilibrium heterozygosity and effective population size
121(2)
6.5 Overlapping generations
123(2)
Chapter 7 Adaptation and Natural Selection
125(30)
7.1 Positive selection
125(8)
7.2 Adaptation, diploidy and dominance
133(22)
Chapter 8 Population Differences
155(16)
8.1 Quantifying divergence
155(4)
8.2 Relative likelihood of the population of origin
159(8)
8.3 DNA fingerprinting
167(4)
Chapter 9 Pointing the Way to Additional Topics
171(30)
9.1 The coalescent
172(10)
9.2 Tests of neutrality
182(3)
9.3 Linkage disequilibrium
185(4)
9.4 Deleterious alleles
189(1)
9.5 Fixation probability under selection and drift
190(3)
9.6 Selfish genes
193(2)
9.7 Broadening the models
195(1)
9.8 R packages
196(5)
References 201(4)
Index 205
Áki Jarl Láruson is a Postdoctoral Associate at Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, USA. His original research focus was marine invertebrate zoology, but in an effort to understand the analytical approaches necessary for marine biology work, he has found himself more and more focused on molecular evolution theory and analysis.

Floyd Allan Reed is Associate Professor at the Department of Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, USA, where he teaches upper division undergraduate genetics, and graduate level population genetics courses. His research interests include aspects of human evolution and engineering safe and reversible gene drive systems for vector transmitted disease eradication.