List of Tables |
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xi | |
List of Figures |
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xiii | |
Preface |
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xv | |
Typographical Conventions |
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xix | |
1 Meaning |
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1 | (14) |
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1.1 What Do We Mean By Meaning? |
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2 | (11) |
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2 | (2) |
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1.1.2 Extensional and Intensional Semantics |
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4 | (4) |
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1.1.3 Language in Context |
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8 | (1) |
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1.1.4 The Semantics/Pragmatics Boundary |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (3) |
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1.2 A Real Life Application |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (1) |
2 The Language Teaching and Pragmatics Interface |
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15 | (8) |
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2.1 Are There Universals in Pragmatics That Students Can Bring To Their L2? |
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16 | (1) |
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2.2 What Do Learners Typically Transfer From Their L1? |
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17 | (2) |
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2.3 Can Pragmatics Be Taught Through Instruction? |
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19 | (1) |
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2.4 Is There a Developmental Path for Pragmatics? |
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20 | (1) |
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2.5 Is Acquisition of Pragmatics Different for L2 Child and Adult Learners? |
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21 | (1) |
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2.6 Does the Learner Have To Sound Exactly the Same As a Native Speaker? |
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22 | (1) |
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2.7 Can Pragmatics Be Assessed in the Classroom? |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
3 Speech Acts |
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23 | (18) |
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3.1 Ordinary Language Philosophy, Oxford, and Austin |
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24 | (11) |
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3.1.1 Austin and Performativity |
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26 | (1) |
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3.1.2 Speech Acts, Searle |
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27 | (2) |
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3.1.3 Realization Patterns |
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29 | (1) |
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3.1.4 How Speech Acts Work |
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29 | (3) |
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3.1.5 Indirect Speech Acts |
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32 | (1) |
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3.1.6 Public Commitment for Speech Acts |
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33 | (2) |
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35 | (1) |
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3.3 Speech Acts in SLA and Applications to TESOL |
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35 | (6) |
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3.3.1 Speech Acts in the TESOL Classroom: Materials |
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37 | (2) |
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3.3.2 Sample Teaching Materials |
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39 | (2) |
4 Grice's Principle of Cooperation |
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41 | (23) |
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4.1 Gricean Pragmatics as Rational Cooperation |
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41 | (15) |
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4.1.1 Conversational Cooperation Is Rational |
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42 | (1) |
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43 | (2) |
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4.1.3 Scalarity and Implicatures |
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45 | (1) |
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4.1.4 Flouting and Implicatures |
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46 | (2) |
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4.1.5 Difference between Inferences, Presuppositions, and Implicatures |
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48 | (1) |
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4.1.6 Developments of Grice's Theory |
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49 | (6) |
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4.1.7 Modularity in Light of Gricean Pragmatics |
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55 | (1) |
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56 | (1) |
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56 | (8) |
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56 | (3) |
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4.3.2 Relevance Theory and SLA |
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59 | (2) |
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4.3.3 TESOL Classroom Materials |
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61 | (1) |
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4.3.4 Sample Teaching Materials |
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62 | (2) |
5 Politeness |
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64 | (23) |
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5.1 Theories of Politeness |
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64 | (17) |
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5.1.1 Classical Politeness Theories |
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65 | (5) |
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5.1.2 Second Wave Approaches (1990 and forward) |
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70 | (6) |
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5.1.3 Third Wave Theories: Ritualization and Norm |
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76 | (2) |
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5.1.4 Universality of Politeness |
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78 | (2) |
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5.1.5 Sociopragmatics and Power |
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80 | (1) |
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81 | (1) |
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81 | (6) |
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5.3.1 Politeness in the TESOL Materials |
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84 | (1) |
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5.3.2 Sample Teaching Materials |
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85 | (2) |
6 Functional Sentence Perspective |
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87 | (23) |
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6.1 Theoretical Background |
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87 | (5) |
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87 | (2) |
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89 | (1) |
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90 | (2) |
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92 | (1) |
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92 | (5) |
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93 | (1) |
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94 | (1) |
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95 | (2) |
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97 | (4) |
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6.3.1 FSP Reflects the Organization of Ideas in the Mind |
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97 | (1) |
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6.3.2 Paragraph and Textual Organization |
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98 | (1) |
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6.3.3 Marked Constructions |
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98 | (3) |
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6.4 History and Terminology |
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101 | (4) |
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101 | (1) |
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6.4.2 European Functionalism |
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102 | (1) |
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6.4.3 Generative Functionalism |
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103 | (2) |
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6.4.4 West Coast Functionalism |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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6.6 FSP in SLA and the TESOL Classroom |
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105 | (5) |
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105 | (1) |
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106 | (1) |
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6.6.3 Sample Teaching Materials |
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107 | (3) |
7 Stance, Deixis, and Pragmatic markers |
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110 | (20) |
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111 | (3) |
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111 | (2) |
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7.1.2 Epistemic and Deontic modality |
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113 | (1) |
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114 | (2) |
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7.2.1 Place and Time deixis |
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115 | (1) |
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115 | (1) |
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116 | (1) |
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116 | (4) |
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7.3.1 Schiffrin's Discourse Markers |
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117 | (2) |
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7.3.2 Procedural Information Markers |
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119 | (1) |
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119 | (1) |
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120 | (3) |
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123 | (2) |
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125 | (1) |
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7.7 Pragmatic Markers in SLA and TESOL |
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126 | (4) |
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7.7.1 Contrastive and Intercultural Studies in SLA and TESOL |
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126 | (2) |
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7.7.2 Sample Teaching Materials |
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128 | (2) |
8 Interactional Sociolinguistics |
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130 | (23) |
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8.1 The California Milieu |
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130 | (5) |
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8.1.1 The Sociological/Phenomenological Approach |
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131 | (3) |
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8.1.2 Conversation Analysis |
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134 | (1) |
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8.2 Communicative Competence |
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135 | (1) |
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8.3 The Definition of Context |
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136 | (10) |
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136 | (2) |
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8.3.2 Communicative Practices |
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138 | (1) |
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8.3.3 Conversational Inferences |
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139 | (1) |
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140 | (6) |
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8.4 Conclusion: Gumperz's Interactionism |
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146 | (1) |
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8.5 Sociocultural Interaction and SLA |
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147 | (6) |
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8.5.1 Interactional Sociolinguistics in the TESOL Classroom |
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151 | (1) |
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8.5.2 Sample Teaching Materials |
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151 | (2) |
9 Data Collection and Research Design in Studies of L2 Pragmatics |
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153 | (12) |
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9.1 Discourse Completion Tasks |
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153 | (3) |
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9.2 Interactional Studies |
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156 | (2) |
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9.2.1 Follow Up Interviews |
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157 | (1) |
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158 | (1) |
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158 | (2) |
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159 | (1) |
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9.5 Computer Mediated Communication |
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160 | (1) |
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161 | (3) |
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9.6.1 Student-collected Research |
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162 | (2) |
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164 | (1) |
10 Metapragmatics |
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165 | (16) |
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10.1 Metalanguage and Object Language |
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165 | (4) |
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10.1.1 The Origins of the Language/Metalanguage Distinction |
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165 | (2) |
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10.1.2 Uses of Metalanguage in Linguistics |
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167 | (1) |
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168 | (1) |
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10.2 Deixis, Indexicality, and the Semiotic Turn in Sociolinguistics |
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169 | (5) |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (2) |
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10.2.3 The Semiotic Turn in Sociolinguistics |
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172 | (2) |
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10.3 Metalinguistic Awareness |
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174 | (1) |
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10.3.1 Implicit and Explicit Awareness |
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175 | (1) |
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10.4 Ideology, or the Lack of Awareness |
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175 | (5) |
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10.4.1 Definition of Ideology |
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175 | (5) |
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180 | (1) |
11 Frontier |
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181 | (17) |
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11.1 Pragmatic Resources in English as a Lingua Franca |
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181 | (1) |
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182 | (3) |
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185 | (1) |
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186 | (3) |
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186 | (2) |
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11.4.2 Applications to Linguistics |
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188 | (1) |
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189 | (2) |
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191 | (5) |
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11.6.1 Lateralization and Specialization |
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193 | (1) |
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11.6.2 The Theory of Mind |
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194 | (1) |
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11.6.3 Pragmatic Disorders |
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195 | (1) |
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196 | (2) |
Bibliography |
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198 | (31) |
Name Index |
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229 | (10) |
Subject Index |
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239 | |