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E-raamat: Preventing Cognitive Decline and Dementia: A Way Forward

  • Formaat: 180 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 05-Sep-2017
  • Kirjastus: National Academies Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780309459624
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  • Formaat: 180 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 05-Sep-2017
  • Kirjastus: National Academies Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780309459624

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Societies around the world are concerned about dementia and the other forms of cognitive impairment that affect many older adults. We now know that brain changes typically begin years before people show symptoms, which suggests a window of opportunity to prevent or delay the onset of these conditions. Emerging evidence that the prevalence of dementia is declining in high-income countries offers hope that public health interventions will be effective in preventing or delaying cognitive impairments. Until recently, the research and clinical communities have focused primarily on understanding and treating these conditions after they have developed. Thus, the evidence base on how to prevent or delay these conditions has been limited at best, despite the many claims of success made in popular media and advertising. Today, however, a growing body of prevention research is emerging.





Preventing Cognitive Decline and Dementia: A Way Forward assesses the current state of knowledge on interventions to prevent cognitive decline and dementia, and informs future research in this area. This report provides recommendations of appropriate content for inclusion in public health messages from the National Institute on Aging.

Table of Contents



Front Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 Communicating with the Public about Interventions to Prevent Cognitive Decline and Dementia 3 Methodological Improvements 4 Priorities for Future Research Appendix A: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Systematic Review Appendix B: Public Meeting Agendas Appendix C: Biosketches of Committee Members
Acronyms And Abbreviations xv
Summary 1(16)
1 Introduction
17(20)
Societal Interest in Preventing Dementia and Cognitive Impairment
18(1)
An Opportunity to Take a Fresh Look at the Evidence
19(3)
Prevalence and Trends
22(2)
Study Charge and Scope
24(2)
Methods
26(5)
Report Organization
31(1)
References
32(5)
2 Communicating With The Public About Interventions To Prevent Cognitive Decline And Dementia
37(40)
Cognitive Training
39(8)
Blood Pressure Management for People with Hypertension
47(10)
Increased Physical Activity
57(9)
Recommendation
66(1)
References
67(10)
3 Methodological Improvements
77(18)
Identify Individuals Who Are at Higher Risk of Cognitive Decline and Dementia
78(2)
Increase Participation of Underrepresented Populations in Intervention Trials
80(1)
Begin More Interventions at Younger Ages and Have Longer Follow-Up Periods
81(3)
Use Consistent Cognitive Outcome Measures Across Trials to Enable Pooling
84(1)
Integrate Robust Cognitive Outcome Measures into Trials with Other Primary Purposes
85(1)
Include Biomarkers as Intermediate Outcomes
86(2)
Conduct Large Trials in Routine Clinical Practices or Community Settings
88(1)
Recommendation
89(1)
References
89(6)
4 Priorities For Future Research
95(46)
Cross-Cutting Intervention Design Considerations
96(4)
Highest-Priority Research Needs to Strengthen Support for Communicating with the Public About Interventions with Encouraging Evidence
100(3)
Other Priority Research Areas
103(19)
Lowest-Priority Interventions for Future Research
122(4)
Recommendations
126(1)
Final Thoughts
127(1)
References
128(13)
Appendixes
A Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Systematic Review
141(2)
B Public Meeting Agendas
143(10)
C Biosketches of Committee Members
153