Preface |
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vii | |
Contributors |
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ix | |
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1 | (152) |
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3 | (11) |
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I.2 Physiological Ecology: Animals |
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14 | (6) |
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I.3 Physiological Ecology: Plants |
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20 | (7) |
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I.4 Functional Morphology: Muscles, Elastic Mechanisms, and Animal Performance |
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27 | (11) |
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38 | (7) |
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45 | (6) |
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51 | (8) |
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59 | (6) |
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I.9 Phenotypic Plasticity |
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65 | (7) |
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72 | (7) |
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I.11 Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems |
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79 | (8) |
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87 | (6) |
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93 | (8) |
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I.14 Phenotypic Selection |
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101 | (8) |
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I.15 Population Genetics and Ecology |
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109 | (8) |
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I.16 Phylogenetics and Comparative Methods |
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117 | (9) |
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126 | (8) |
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I.18 Ecological Speciation: Natural Selection and the Formation of New Species |
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134 | (9) |
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143 | (10) |
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Part II Population Ecology |
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153 | (100) |
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II.1 Age-Structured and Stage-Structured Population Dynamics |
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155 | (11) |
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II.2 Density Dependence and Single-Species Population Dynamics |
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166 | (6) |
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II.3 Biological Chaos and Complex Dynamics |
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172 | (5) |
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II.4 Metapopulations and Spatial Population Processes |
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177 | (9) |
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II.5 Competition and Coexistence in Plant Communities |
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186 | (10) |
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II.6 Competition and Coexistence in Animal Communities |
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196 | (6) |
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II.7 Predator-Prey Interactions |
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202 | (11) |
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II.8 Host-Parasitoid Interactions |
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213 | (7) |
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II.9 Ecological Epidemiology |
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220 | (7) |
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II.10 Interactions between Plants and Herbivores |
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227 | (6) |
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II.11 Mutualism and Symbiosis |
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233 | (6) |
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II.12 Ecology of Microbial Populations |
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239 | (8) |
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247 | (6) |
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Part III Communities and Ecosystems |
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253 | (170) |
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III.1 Biodiversity: Concepts, Patterns, and Measurement |
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257 | (7) |
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III.2 Competition, Neutrality, and Community Organization |
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264 | (10) |
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III.3 Predation and Community Organization |
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274 | (8) |
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III.4 Facilitation and the Organization of Plant Communities |
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282 | (7) |
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III.5 Indirect Effects in Communities and Ecosystems: The Role of Trophic and Nontrophic Interactions |
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289 | (7) |
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III.6 Top-Down and Bottom-Up Regulation of Communities |
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296 | (9) |
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III.7 The Structure and Stability of Food Webs |
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305 | (7) |
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III.8 Spatial and Metacommunity Dynamics in Biodiversity |
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312 | (8) |
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III.9 Ecosystem Productivity and Carbon Flows: Patterns across Ecosystems |
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320 | (10) |
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III.10 Nutrient Cycling and Biogeochemistry |
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330 | (10) |
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III.11 Terrestrial Carbon and Biogeochemical Cycles |
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340 | (7) |
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III.12 Freshwater Carbon and Biogeochemical Cycles |
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347 | (11) |
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III.13 The Marine Carbon Cycle |
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358 | (9) |
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III.14 Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning |
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367 | (9) |
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III.15 Ecological Stoichiometry |
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376 | (10) |
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111.16 Macroecological Perspectives on Communities and Ecosystems |
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386 | (9) |
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III.17 Alternative Stable States and Regime Shifts in Ecosystems |
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395 | (12) |
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III.18 Responses of Communities and Ecosystems to Global Changes |
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407 | (7) |
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III.19 Evolution of Communities and Ecosystems |
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414 | (9) |
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Part IV Landscapes and the Biosphere |
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423 | (88) |
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425 | (6) |
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IV.2 Landscape Pattern and Biodiversity |
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431 | (7) |
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IV.3 Ecological Dynamics in Fragmented Landscapes |
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438 | (7) |
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IV.4 Biodiversity Patterns in Managed and Natural Landscapes |
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445 | (13) |
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IV.5 Boundary Dynamics in Landscapes |
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458 | (6) |
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IV.6 Spatial Patterns of Species Diversity in Terrestrial Environments |
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464 | (10) |
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IV.7 Biosphere-Atmosphere Interactions in Landscapes |
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474 | (8) |
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IV.8 Seascape Patterns and Dynamics of Coral Reefs |
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482 | (6) |
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IV.9 Seascape Microbial Ecology: Habitat Structure, Biodiversity, and Ecosystem Function |
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488 | (13) |
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IV.10 Spatial Dynamics of Marine Fisheries |
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501 | (10) |
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Part V Conservation Biology |
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511 | (62) |
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V.1 Causes and Consequences of Species Extinctions |
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514 | (7) |
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V.2 Population Viability Analysis |
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521 | (8) |
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V.3 Principles of Reserve Design |
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529 | (9) |
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V.4 Building and Implementing Systems of Conservation Areas |
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538 | (10) |
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548 | (9) |
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V.6 Conservation and Global Climate Change |
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557 | (9) |
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566 | (7) |
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Part VI Ecosystem Services |
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573 | (106) |
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VI.1 Ecosystem Services: Issues of Scale and Trade-Offs |
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579 | (5) |
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VI.2 Biodiversity, Ecosystem Functioning, and Ecosystem Services |
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584 | (7) |
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VI.3 Beyond Biodiversity: Other Aspects of Ecological Organization |
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591 | (6) |
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VI.4 Human-Dominated Systems: Agroecosystems |
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597 | (9) |
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606 | (8) |
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614 | (5) |
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VI.7 Marine Ecosystem Services |
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619 | (6) |
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VI.8 Provisioning Services: A Focus on Fresh Water |
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625 | (9) |
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VI.9 Regulating Services: A Focus on Disease Regulation |
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634 | (8) |
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VI.10 Support Services: A Focus on Genetic Diversity |
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642 | (10) |
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VI.11 The Economics of Ecosystem Services |
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652 | (7) |
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VI.12 Technological Substitution and Augmentation of Ecosystem Services |
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659 | (11) |
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VI.13 Conservation of Ecosystem Services |
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670 | (9) |
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Part VII Managing the Biosphere |
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679 | (82) |
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VII.1 Biological Control: Theory and Practice |
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683 | (6) |
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VII.2 Fisheries Management |
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689 | (6) |
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VII.3 Wildlife Management |
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695 | (6) |
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VII.4 Managing the Global Water System |
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701 | (11) |
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VII.5 Managing Nutrient Mobilization and Eutrophication |
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712 | (6) |
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VII.6 Managing Infectious Diseases |
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718 | (6) |
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VII.7 Agriculture, Land Use, and the Transformation of Planet Earth |
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724 | (7) |
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VII.8 The Ecology, Economics, and Management of Alien Invasive Species |
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731 | (9) |
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VII.9 Ecological Economics: Principles of Economic Policy Design for Ecosystem Management |
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740 | (8) |
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VII.10 Governance and Institutions |
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748 | (6) |
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VII.11 Assessments: Linking Ecology to Policy |
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754 | (7) |
Milestones in Ecology |
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761 | (14) |
Glossary |
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775 | (18) |
Index |
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793 | |