| About the series |
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xi | |
| Preface |
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xv | |
| Authors |
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xvii | |
| Acknowledgements |
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xix | |
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xxi | |
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List of physical constants |
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xxiii | |
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1 Radioactivity and Nuclear Transformation |
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1 | (18) |
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1.1 Nuclear Stability Curve |
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1 | (1) |
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2 | (1) |
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2 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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5 | (1) |
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1.7 Radiation Penetrability |
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6 | (1) |
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1.8 Calculation: Number of Atoms |
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6 | (1) |
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1.9 Calculation: Sample Count Rate |
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7 | (1) |
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1.10 Calculation: Thyroid Uptake |
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8 | (1) |
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1.11 Physical Half-Life (I) |
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9 | (1) |
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1.12 Physical Half-Life (II) |
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9 | (1) |
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1.13 Effective Ha If-Life (I) |
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10 | (1) |
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1.14 Effective Half-Life (II) |
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11 | (1) |
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1.15 Radioactive Decay Equation |
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11 | (1) |
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1.16 Radioactive Decay Calculation (I) |
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12 | (1) |
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1.17 Radioactive Decay Calculation (II) |
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13 | (1) |
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1.18 Radioactive Decay Calculation (III) |
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14 | (1) |
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15 | (1) |
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15 | (1) |
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1.21 Alpha Particle Range |
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16 | (3) |
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2 Radionuclide Production and Radiopharmaceuticals |
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19 | (18) |
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2.1 Characteristics of Ideal Radiopharmaceutical for Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine |
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19 | (1) |
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2.2 Characteristics of Ideal Radiopharmaceutical for Therapeutic Nuclear Medicine |
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20 | (1) |
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2.3 Physical Properties and Decay Scheme of Tc-99m |
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20 | (1) |
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21 | (1) |
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2.5 Cyclotron-Produced Radionuclides |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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2.7 Reactor-Produced Radionuclides |
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24 | (1) |
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2.8 Mo-99/Tc-99m Radionuclide Generator (I) |
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25 | (1) |
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2.9 Mo-99/Tc-99m Radionuclide Generator (II) |
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26 | (1) |
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2.10 Undesirable Al3+in Tc-99m Elution |
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27 | (1) |
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2.11 Transient Equilibrium |
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27 | (2) |
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2.12 Tc-99m Transient Equilibrium |
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29 | (1) |
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2.13 Mo-99 Transient Equilibrium Calculation |
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30 | (1) |
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2.14 Secular Equilibrium Equation |
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31 | (1) |
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2.15 Mo-99 Breakthrough Test |
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31 | (1) |
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2.16 Preparation of Radiopharmaceutical |
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32 | (1) |
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2.17 Administration of Radiopharmaceuticals |
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33 | (1) |
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2.18 PET Radiopharmaceutical |
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34 | (1) |
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2.19 F-18-Fluorodeoxyglucose |
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34 | (1) |
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2.20 Quality Control of Radiopharmaceuticals |
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35 | (2) |
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3 Non-imaging Detectors and Counters |
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37 | (16) |
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37 | (1) |
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3.2 Paralysable and Non-paralysable Counting Systems |
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37 | (1) |
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3.3 Paralysable and Non-paralysable Counting Systems: Count Rate Response |
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38 | (1) |
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3.4 Basic Principle of Gas-Filled Detectors |
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39 | (1) |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (2) |
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3.7 Radionuclide Activity (Dose) Calibrator |
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43 | (1) |
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3.8 Factors Affecting Measurement Accuracy of an Activity Calibrator |
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44 | (1) |
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3.9 Quality Control of an Activity Calibrator |
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45 | (1) |
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3.10 Basic Principles of Scintillation Detectors |
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45 | (1) |
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3.11 Scintillation Detectors |
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46 | (1) |
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3.12 Basic Principles of a Gamma Well Counter |
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47 | (1) |
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3.13 Clinical Applications of Gamma Well Counter |
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48 | (1) |
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3.14 Basic Principles of a Thyroid Probe |
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49 | (1) |
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3.15 Thyroid Uptake Measurement |
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50 | (3) |
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4 Instrumentation for Gamma Imaging |
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53 | (18) |
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4.1 X-Ray versus Gamma-Ray Imaging |
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53 | (1) |
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54 | (2) |
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56 | (1) |
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4.4 Scintillating Crystal (I) |
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56 | (1) |
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4.5 Scintillating Crystal (II) |
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57 | (1) |
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4.6 Function of the Collimator |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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58 | (2) |
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4.9 Collimator Septa Thickness |
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60 | (1) |
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4.10 Minification Factor for Diverging Collimator |
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61 | (1) |
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4.11 Magnification Factor for Converging Collimator |
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62 | (1) |
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4.12 Photomultiplier Tube (PMT) |
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63 | (1) |
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4.13 X-, Y-Positioning Circuit |
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64 | (1) |
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4.14 Energy Discrimination Circuit |
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65 | (1) |
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4.15 Digital Data Acquisition |
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66 | (1) |
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4.16 Digital Images in Nuclear Medicine |
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67 | (1) |
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4.17 Effects of Matrix Size and Statistical Noise |
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68 | (1) |
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69 | (1) |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (1) |
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71 | (14) |
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5.1 Physical Principles of SPECT |
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71 | (1) |
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5.2 Comparison of SPECT and Planar Imaging |
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72 | (1) |
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5.3 SPECT Data Acquisition |
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72 | (2) |
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5.4 Principle of Noise Filtering Using the Fourier Method |
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74 | (1) |
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5.5 Principle of Noise Filtering Using the Convolution Method |
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74 | (1) |
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5.6 Image Processing Using Iterative Reconstruction |
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75 | (1) |
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5.7 Physical Principles of PET |
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76 | (1) |
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5.8 Annihilation Coincidence Detection |
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77 | (1) |
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5.9 True, Scatter and Random Coincidence Events |
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78 | (1) |
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5.10 Time-of-Flight in PET Imaging |
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79 | (1) |
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5.11 Resolution of PET Imaging |
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80 | (1) |
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5.12 2D versus 3D PET Imaging |
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80 | (1) |
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5.13 Comparison of Tc-99m and F-18 |
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81 | (1) |
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5.14 Comparison of Imaging Techniques Between SPECT and PET |
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81 | (2) |
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5.15 Comparison of Spatial Resolution and Detection Efficiency Between SPECT and PET |
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83 | (2) |
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6 Imaging Techniques in Nuclear Medicine |
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85 | (8) |
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6.1 Whole Body Bone SPECT Imaging |
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85 | (2) |
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87 | (1) |
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88 | (2) |
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6.4 Radioimmunoassay (RIA) |
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90 | (1) |
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6.5 Standardised Uptake Value (SUV) |
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90 | (1) |
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6.6 PET Imaging Applications |
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91 | (2) |
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93 | (8) |
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7.1 Sealed and Unsealed Source Therapy |
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93 | (1) |
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7.2 Therapeutic Procedures in Nuclear Medicine |
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94 | (1) |
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7.3 Hyperthyroidism Absorbed Dose Calculation |
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94 | (1) |
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7.4 1-131 Treatment Guidelines |
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95 | (1) |
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7.5 Calculation of Administered Activity for 1-131 Treatment |
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96 | (1) |
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7.6 Radioiodine Therapy and Pregnancy |
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97 | (1) |
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7.7 Safe Administration of 1-131 |
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98 | (1) |
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7.8 Guidance Level for Hospitalisation of 1-131 Patients |
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99 | (1) |
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99 | (1) |
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7.10 Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) |
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100 | (1) |
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8 Internal Radiation Dosimetry |
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101 | (10) |
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8.1 Internal Radiation Dosimetry |
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101 | (1) |
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8.2 Factors Affecting Absorbed Dose to an Organ |
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102 | (1) |
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8.3 Source and Target Organ |
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102 | (1) |
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8.4 Monte Carlo Modelling |
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103 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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8.8 Absorbed Dose Calculation (I) |
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105 | (1) |
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8.9 Absorbed Dose Calculation (II) |
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106 | (1) |
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8.10 Absorbed Dose Calculation (III) |
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107 | (1) |
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8.11 Absorbed Dose Calculation (IV) |
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107 | (2) |
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8.12 MIRD Formalism Assumptions |
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109 | (2) |
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9 Quality Control in Nuclear Medicine |
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111 | (14) |
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9.1 Quality Control of Dose Calibrator |
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111 | (1) |
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9.2 Extrinsic and Intrinsic Measurement |
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112 | (1) |
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9.3 Quality Control Methods |
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112 | (2) |
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114 | (1) |
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115 | (1) |
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116 | (1) |
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9.7 Collimator Efficiency |
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116 | (1) |
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9.8 Collimator Resolution |
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117 | (1) |
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9.9 Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) |
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118 | (2) |
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9.10 Multienergy Spatial Registration |
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120 | (1) |
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121 | (1) |
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9.12 Centre of Rotation (COR) |
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121 | (2) |
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9.13 Partial Volume Effect |
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123 | (1) |
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9.14 SPECT Quality Control Phantom |
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124 | (1) |
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10 Radiation Protection in Nuclear Medicine |
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125 | (14) |
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10.1 Radiation Protection Terminology |
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125 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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10.3 Classification of Radiation Work Areas |
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127 | (1) |
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128 | (1) |
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10.5 Half Value Layer (HVL) |
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128 | (1) |
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10.6 Accidental Exposure to High Activity Source |
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129 | (1) |
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10.7 Foetal Dose Calculation for High-Dose Radionuclide Therapy |
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130 | (3) |
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10.8 Radiation Workers During Pregnancy |
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133 | (1) |
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10.9 Radiation Workers Dose Limit |
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133 | (1) |
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10.10 Radioactive Waste Management |
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134 | (1) |
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10.11 Decontamination Principles |
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135 | (1) |
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135 | (1) |
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10.13 Radioiodine Ward Nursing Staff |
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136 | (1) |
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10.14 Handling of the 1-131 Patient After Death |
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137 | (2) |
| Bibliography |
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139 | |