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E-raamat: Promoting the Emotional and Behavioral Success of Youths: A Practical Guide for Clinicians

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  • Ilmumisaeg: 11-Feb-2022
  • Kirjastus: Springer Nature Switzerland AG
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783030880750
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  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 11-Feb-2022
  • Kirjastus: Springer Nature Switzerland AG
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783030880750

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Clinicians often have difficulty helping the parents of youth with emotional and behavioral difficulties and fail to recognize that often it is the youth’s cognitive and learning weaknesses that drive their maladaptive behaviors. This book aims to help clinicians further understand the roots of youth’s maladaptive behaviors. It also addresses the impact of youth’s varied cognitive abilities on their behaviors and problems with self-esteem, particularly in youth that do not meet the diagnostic criteria for a formal learning disability. While many clinicians view learning deficits as impairments in specific academic skills, these deficits go beyond varied learning abilities and often experience difficulties in emotional, social, and behavioral functioning. These impairments vary from child to child and it is crucial to develop practical interventions for improved self-esteem and emotional success. Varied learning abilities reflect a neurodevelopmental problem in youth that can lead to difficulties with their emotional, social, and academic functioning and limit their intellectual potential. There are often treatment impasses when a youth’s behavioral problems do not improve with traditional forms of psychotherapy and medication. The practical individualized interventions recommended in this book will: 1) decrease conflict in day-to-day interactions between youth and parents, 2) improve self-esteem and 3) help to achieve realistic social, emotional and academic goals. The text will help clinicians determine which maladaptive behaviors are a result of cognitive deficits and not “symptoms” of a disease-based mental disorder.

Written by experts in the field, Promoting the Emotional and Behavioral Success of Youths reviews appropriate interventions in the context of the public health strategies that address the prevention of secondary socio-economic aspects as a result of cognitive weaknesses, such as realistic educational needs, career and employment choices. Clinicians will be able to use this book to develop “best fit” multimodal interventions to help parents of youth develop adaptive behaviors.


1 Introduction: Biological, Emotional, and Social Development
1(12)
Biological Development
2(3)
Emotional Development
5(1)
Social Development
6(1)
How to Use this Book
7(3)
References
10(3)
2 The Four Pillars through a Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
13(30)
The Four Pillars
13(1)
Understanding Michelle, Sadie, and Rachel Psychologically
14(1)
Understanding Sadie and Rachel from a Disease-Based Model Approach
15(1)
Understanding Sadie and Rachel Developmentally
15(1)
Understanding Weaknesses in the Four Pillars of Hospitalized Youth
16(1)
From Psychiatric DSM-5 to Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
17(5)
The Contemporary Diagnostic Interview (CDI)
22(1)
Beginning the Interview
23(1)
Attending to the External Attributes of the Patient and Parents
24(1)
Assessing Temperament in the Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
24(3)
Assessing Cognition in the Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
27(2)
Cognitive Weaknesses
29(1)
Identifying Cognitive Weaknesses in the Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
29(1)
Birthday Conversation
30(2)
Learning Disorders in a Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
32(1)
Visual-Spatial Abilities
33(2)
Cognitive Flexibility (Theory of Mind) in a Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
35(1)
Cognitive Flexibility in Adolescents
36(1)
Cognitive Flexibility in Preschool and Elementary School-Age Youth
37(1)
Personality: Internal Working Models of Attachment (IWMA) in a Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
38(1)
Diagnostic Formulation
39(1)
Limitations of the Four Pillars and the Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
39(1)
References
40(3)
3 Temperament: The Building Block of Personality
43(12)
Temperament
43(4)
Temperament Traits
47(1)
Activity Level
47(1)
Distractibility
47(1)
Intensity
47(1)
Rhythmicity
48(1)
Sensory Threshold
48(1)
Approach/Withdrawal
48(1)
Adaptability
48(1)
Persistence
49(1)
Mood
49(1)
Temperament Styles
50(1)
The Easy/Flexible Temperament Style
50(1)
The Slow-to-Warm-up Temperament Style
50(1)
The Difficult/Feisty Temperament Style
51(1)
The Mixed Temperament Style
51(1)
Temperament in Clinical Work
52(1)
References
53(2)
4 Intelligence: "Why Don't You Behave?"
55(72)
Introduction to Intelligence
55(1)
Does Knowing a Youth's Cognitive Abilities Help Parents Have Realistic Emotional and Behavioral Expectations?
55(1)
Intelligence: The Second Pillar
56(1)
The Intelligence Quotient
57(1)
Controversy of IQ Tests
58(1)
The WISC-V Subtest Indices
59(1)
Academic Achievement Tests
60(1)
Moving Intelligence out of the Classroom
61(1)
Variability in Cognitive Assessments
62(1)
Are Full-Scale IQ Scores Clinically Helpful?
63(1)
Are Full-Scale IQ Scores Clinically Helpful in Inpatient Care?
64(1)
Special Evaluations
64(1)
The WISC-V Subtest Indices (Continued)
65(7)
Clinical Cases
72(1)
Verbal Comprehension Weakness: The Impostor
72(1)
DSM-5 Relevant History
73(1)
Contributing Family, Social, and Educational History
73(1)
Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
74(1)
Formulation
74(1)
Results of Psychological Testing
75(1)
Summary of Psychological Testing: WISC-V
75(3)
Verbal Comprehension Weakness: The Impostor
78(1)
DSM-5 Relevant History
79(1)
Contributing Family, Social, and Educational History
79(1)
Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
79(1)
Formulation
80(1)
Results of Psychological Testing
80(1)
Summary of Psychological Testing
80(3)
Fluid Reasoning Weakness: The Demanding Youth
83(1)
DSM-5 Relevant History
83(1)
Contributing Family, Social, and Educational History
84(1)
Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
84(1)
Later in the Interview
85(1)
Results of Psychological Testing
85(1)
Summary of Psychological Testing: WISC-V
85(3)
Visual-Spatial Weakness: The Worried Builder
88(1)
DSM-5 Relevant History
88(1)
Contributing Family, Social, and Educational History
88(1)
Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
89(1)
Formulation
90(1)
Results of Psychological Testing
90(1)
Summary of Psychological Testing: WISC-V
90(3)
Working Memory Weakness: The Storm Chaser
93(1)
DSM-5 Relevant History
93(1)
Contributing Family, Social, and Educational History
94(1)
Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
94(1)
Formulation
95(1)
Results of Psychological Testing
96(1)
Summary of Psychological Testing: WISC-V
96(4)
Working Memory Weakness: The Storm Chaser
100(1)
DSM-5 Relevant History
100(1)
Contributing Family, Social, and Educational History
101(1)
Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
101(1)
Formulation
102(1)
Results of Psychological Testing
102(1)
Summary of Psychological Testing: WISC-V
102(3)
Working Memory Weakness: Not a Storm Chaser
105(1)
DSM-5 Relevant History
106(1)
Contributing Family, Social, and Educational History
106(1)
Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
106(1)
Formulation
107(1)
Results of Psychological Testing
107(1)
Summary of Psychological Testing: WISC-V
108(2)
Processing Speed Weakness: The Brave Turtle
110(1)
DSM-5 Relevant History
110(1)
Contributing Family, Social, and Educational History
111(1)
Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
111(1)
Formulation
111(1)
Results of Psychological Testing
112(1)
Summary of Psychological Testing: WISC-V
112(3)
Special Situations
115(1)
Dyslexia and Nonverbal Learning Disorder (NLD)
115(1)
Dyslexia
116(1)
DSM-5 Relevant History
117(1)
Formulation
117(1)
Results of Psychological Testing
117(2)
Nonverbal Learning Disorder (NLD)
119(2)
DSM-5 Relevant History
121(1)
Formulation
121(1)
Results of Psychological Testing
121(2)
Closing Remarks
123(1)
References
124(3)
5 Cognitive Flexibility (Theory of Mind): "Being in your Shoes"
127(20)
Cognitive Flexibility/Theory of Mind
127(1)
Executive Functioning
128(1)
Mentalization
129(1)
Cognitive Flexibility / Theory of Mind Clinical Assessment
129(1)
Cognitive Flexibility/Theory of Mind Testing
130(1)
Rorschach Test I Ages 6+
130(1)
Theory of Mind Task Battery I Ages 2-18
131(1)
Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Second Edition - BRIEF2 I Ages 5-18
131(1)
NEPSY-IIIAges3-16
132(1)
Cases
133(1)
Adolescent with Low Average Working Memory, Below Average Theory of Mind Struggles Engaging in Psychotherapy
133(1)
Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
134(1)
Formulation
134(1)
Results of Psychological Testing
134(1)
Summary of Psychological Testing-WISC-V
135(1)
Results of Cognitive Flexibility/ToM Testing
135(1)
Summary of Cognitive Flexibility/Theory of Mind-NEPSY-II
135(1)
Discussion of NEPSY-II
135(2)
Suggested Interventions
137(1)
Adolescent with very low average working memory and processing speed, well below average theory of mind and low average fluid reasoning and visual-spatial abilities
137(1)
DSM-5 Relevant History
137(1)
Contributing Family, Social, and Educational History
138(1)
Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
138(1)
Formulation
138(2)
Results of Psychological Testing
140(1)
Summary of Psychological Testing-WISC-V
140(1)
Results of Cognitive Flexibility/Theory of Mind Testing
140(1)
Summary of Cognitive Flexibility/ToM Testing - NEPSY-II
140(1)
Discussion of NEPSY-II
140(1)
Results of Personality Testing
141(2)
Why Are Youth like Brooke Labeled as Having Affective Disorders?
143(1)
References
144(3)
6 Personality: "My Friends Are Just Like Me"
147(36)
Personality
147(1)
Attachment Theory
148(1)
Attachment Styles
148(1)
Secure Attachment
149(1)
Insecure Attachment
149(1)
Ambivalent Attachment/Anxious
150(1)
Avoidant Attachment/Dismissive
150(1)
Disorganized Attachment
151(1)
Attachment Theory Across Lifespan
151(1)
Personality Disorders (Attachment Disturbances)
152(4)
Projective Testing
156(1)
Rorschach Test I Ages 6+
156(1)
Children's Apperception Test (CAT) I Ages 3-10
156(1)
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) I Ages 10+
157(1)
Human Figure Drawing (House-Tree-Person; Draw-A-Person) I Ages 3-17
157(1)
Objective Personality Tests
157(1)
Objective (Self-Report) Personality Tests
157(1)
Millon's Theory of Personality
158(1)
Millon Adolescent Personality Inventory (MAPI) I Ages 13-19
159(1)
Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory, Second Edition (MACI-II) I Ages 13-19
159(1)
Millon Pre-Adolescent Clinical Inventory (M-PACI) I Ages 9-12
159(1)
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) I Ages 17-64
159(1)
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent (MMPI-A) I Ages 14-18
160(1)
Personality Inventory for Children, Second Edition (PIC-2) I Ages 3-16
160(1)
Personality Inventory for Youth (PIY) I Ages 9-18
160(1)
The Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure (SWAP)
161(1)
Cases
161(1)
Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescence
161(1)
Cognitive Profile of Adolescent with Borderline Personality Disorder: A Storm Chaser
162(1)
Olivia
163(1)
DSM-5 Relevant History
163(1)
Contributing Family, Social, and Educational History
163(1)
Formulation
164(1)
Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
165(1)
Results of Psychological Testing
165(1)
Summary of Psychological Testing: WISC-V
165(3)
Cognitive Profile of Adolescent with Borderline Personality Disorder: Not a Storm Chaser
168(1)
Jade
168(1)
DSM-5 Relevant History
168(1)
Contributing Family, Social, and Educational History
169(1)
Formulation
169(1)
Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
170(1)
Results of Psychological Testing
170(1)
Summary of Psychological Testing: WISC-V
170(2)
Narcissistic Personality Disorder in Adolescence
172(1)
Cognitive Profile of Adolescent with Narcissistic Personality Disorder: A Demanding Youth
173(1)
Harrison
173(1)
DSM-5 Relevant History
174(1)
Formulation
174(1)
Contemporary Diagnostic Interview
175(1)
Results of Psychological Testing
175(1)
Summary of Psychological Testing: WISC-V
175(1)
Personality Test (MACI)
176(1)
Summary of Personality Testing: MACI
176(1)
Formulation
176(1)
Discussion
177(1)
Treatment and Intervention Recommendations
177(1)
Antisocial Personality Disorder in Adolescence
178(1)
Treatment
178(1)
References
179(4)
7 Putting it all Together: Adapting to Youths' Strengths and Weaknesses
183(54)
Emphasis on Two-Person Psychology
183(1)
How to Use this
Chapter
184(5)
Temperament
189(1)
Interventions for Youths with Difficult/Feisty Temperament
190(4)
Employment Opportunities
194(1)
Interventions for Youth with Slow-to-Warm-up Temperament
195(1)
Employment Opportunities
196(1)
Cognition
196(1)
Interventions for Youths with Verbal Comprehension Weakness
197(3)
Employment Opportunities
200(1)
Interventions in Youths with Visual-Spatial Weakness
200(3)
Employment Opportunities
203(1)
Interventions in Youths with Fluid Reasoning Weakness
203(3)
Employment Opportunities
206(1)
Interventions for Youths with Processing Speed Weakness
206(3)
Employment Opportunities
209(1)
Interventions for Youths with Working Memory Weakness
209(3)
Employment Opportunities
212(1)
Personality
212(1)
Interventions in Youths with Borderline Personality Traits or Disorder
212(2)
Employment Opportunities
214(1)
Treatment for Borderline Personality Disorder in Youth
215(1)
Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) Skills and Techniques
215(1)
Mentalization-Based Therapy for Adolescents with BPD
215(7)
Interventions for Youths with Narcissistic Personality Traits or Disorder
222(3)
Employment Opportunities
225(1)
Special Issues
225(1)
Bullies
225(1)
Bullying Victims
225(1)
Suicidal Behaviors
226(1)
Substance Use in Adolescents
227(1)
Focus on Opioids
227(1)
Treatment for Substance Use in Adolescents
228(1)
Resources
228(1)
Social Media and Technology
229(1)
Having a Digital Strategy at Home
230(1)
Use of Technology
230(2)
Medication Adherence in Youth
232(1)
Future Direction
233(1)
References
233(4)
8 Parenting Principles to Help Youths: Debunking Common Parenting Myths
237(58)
Introduction
237(1)
A Brief Review of the Four Pillars
238(1)
Understanding Parents
238(1)
Four Pillar Parenting
239(1)
What Should Parents Do When their Child Is Defiant, Oppositional, or Disrespectful?
239(1)
Divorce
239(1)
Elsa and Julian React to their Parents' Divorce
240(1)
Divorced Parents
241(1)
Divorced Parents Should be on the Same Page. Right?
241(1)
Sometimes It's Okay to Not be on the Same Page
241(2)
Stepparents and Adoptive Parents
243(1)
Parents and stepparents with Good Four Pillars (Adaptive Responses)
244(1)
Parents and Stepparents with Deficits in Cognitive Flexibility (Maladaptive Responses)
245(1)
What Is a Clinician Supposed to Do?
245(1)
Section I
246(1)
Parenting Principles
246(1)
Parenting Principles for Infants
246(1)
Being Responsive to the Infant's Needs
246(1)
Sharing your Values and Understanding your Infant's Moral Development
247(1)
Recognizing Concerning Development in your Infant
247(1)
Parenting Principles for Preschoolers (2 to 5 Years of Age)
248(1)
Terrible Twos
248(2)
Promoting Growth in Preschool Children
250(1)
Modeling Flexibility for Preschool Children
250(1)
Introducing Preschool Children to their Parents' World
250(1)
Promoting Self-Regulation in Preschool Children
251(1)
Teaching Limit-Setting for Preschool Children
252(1)
DEAR Moments
252(1)
The Wait, Watch, and Wonder Approach
253(3)
Lying, Defiance, and Oppositional Behavior in Preschool Children
256(1)
Grandparents Think We Are Parenting Wrong
257(1)
Common Struggles for Parents of Preschool-Aged Children
258(1)
My Child Can't Sleep
258(2)
My Child Asks for One More (Glass of Water, Trip to the Bathroom, YouTube Episode) at Bedtime
260(1)
Can my Child Take Melatonin for Sleep Problems?
261(1)
My Child Has Nightmares
261(1)
My Child Has Night Terrors
262(1)
My Child Has Potty-Training struggles (Enuresis and Encopresis)
262(1)
A 5-Year-Old Girl Is Afraid to "Poop Because the Angels Could Get Mad"
263(1)
My Child Displays "Nervous Habits," Including Nail-Biting and Skin-Picking
264(1)
Parenting Principles for Elementary and Middle-School-Aged Youths (6 to 13Years of Age)
265(1)
Parent Principles for Elementary School-Aged Youths
265(1)
Parenting Principles for Middle-School-Aged Youths
266(1)
Helicopter Parents with Elementary and Middle-School-Aged Youths
266(3)
Transitions
269(2)
Limit-Setting in Elementary and Middle-School-Aged Children
271(1)
Lying, Defiance, and Oppositional Behavior in Elementary and Middle-School-Aged Youths
272(1)
Why Do Elementary and Middle-School-Aged Youths Lie? Why Are they, at Times, Defiant and Oppositional?
273(1)
Parenting Principles for High-School-Aged Youths 14 to 18 Years of Age (Adolescence)
273(2)
How Can Parents Promote Independence?
275(2)
Parenting the Adolescent as he or she Begins to Date
277(1)
Setting Limits with Adolescents
278(1)
Lying, Defiance, and Oppositional Behavior in Adolescents
279(1)
I Am a Good Parent, but this Week, I Am Exasperated with my Teenager!
279(1)
Section II
280(1)
Parenting Myths
280(1)
You Must Obey Me Because I Am Your Parent
280(2)
My Parents Used Time-Outs, so they Must Work
282(1)
If You Tell the Truth, You Will Not be in Trouble
282(2)
The Same Rules Go for all Siblings
284(2)
Parents Must Provide Structure at Home
286(1)
Chelsea
287(1)
That's Not True; You Don't Feel That Way
288(1)
You're Intentionally Making Me Mad
289(1)
The Helicopter (DRONE) Parent (Fig. 8.6)
289(1)
When Is Looking over a Youth's Shoulder Helpful?
290(1)
Special Situation: COVID-19
291(1)
It Won't Hurt/You Will be Fine/There Is Nothing to be Afraid of
291(1)
Helpful Comments for Youths Who Experience Pain
292(1)
If you Sign up for an Extracurricular Activity, you Must Finish it
292(1)
They Need to Learn to Live in the "Real World"
292(2)
An Adolescent's "Real World"
294(1)
Final Thoughts
294(1)
References 295(4)
Appendix A 299(12)
Index 311
Sergio V. Delgado MD

Cincinnati Childrens Hospital and Medical Center

Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

UC Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience

Cincinnati, OH

USA







Ernest V. Pedapati MD

Cincinnati Childrens Hospital and Medical Center

Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

UC Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience

Cincinnati, OH

USA







Jeffrey R. Strawn MD

University of Cincinnati

Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience

Cincinnati, OH

USA