World population is increasing at an alarming rate and this has resulted in increasing tremendously the demand for tree products such as wood for construction materials, fuel and paper, fruits, oils and medicines etc. This has put immense pressure on the world’s supplies of trees and raw material to industry and will continue to do so as long as human population continues to grow. Also, the quality of human diet, especially nutritional components, is adversely affected due to limited genetic improvement of most of fruit trees. Thus there is an immediate need to increase productivity of trees. Improvement has been made through conventional breeding methods, however, conventional breeding is very slow due to long life cycle of trees. A basic strategy in tree improvement is to capture genetic gain through clonal propagation. Clonal propagation via organogenesis is being used for the production of selected elite individual trees. However, the methods are labour intensive, costly, and produce low volumes. Genetic gain can now be captured through somatic embryogenesis. Formation of embryos from somatic cells by a process resembling zygotic embryogenesis is one of the most important features of plants. In 1958, Reinert in Germany and Steward in USA independently reported somatic embryogenesis in carrot cultures. Since then, tremendous progress in somatic embryogenesis of woody and non-woody plants has taken place. It offers a potentially large-scale propagation system for superior clones.
Section A:
1. Slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm.), R.J. Newton, et al.
2. Somatic embryogenesis and genetic transformation in Pinus radiate, C.
Walters, J.I. Find.
3. Douglasfir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), P.K. Gupta, D.
Holmstrom.
4. Omorika spruce (Picea omorika), S. Mihaljevic, S. Jelaska.
5.
Somatic embryogenesis in Picea glauca, E.C. Young, T.A. Thorpe.
6. Protocol
of somatic embryogenesis: Black spruce (Picea mariana (Mills.)B.S.P.), F.M.
Tremblay, et al.
7. Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis), D. Thompson, F.
Harrington.
8. Protocol of somatic embryogenesis of Pinus nigra Arn, T.
Salajova, et al.
9. Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), W. Tang, R.J. Newton.
10.
Somatic embryogenesis in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) L. Harvengt.
11.
Somatic embryogenesis in Pinus patula, C.S. Ford, et al.
12. Somatic
embryogenesis in Norway spruce, M. Vagner, et al.
Section B:
13. Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.), R.S. Nadgauda, S.S.
Gogate.
14. Somatic embryogenesis protocol: coffee (Coffea arabica L. and C.
canephora P.), H. Etienne.
15. Protocols for somatic embryogenesis and
plantlet formation from three explants in tea (Camellia sinensis (l.) o.
kuntze), A. Akula, C. Akula.
16. Protocol of somatic embryogenesis from
Citrus spp. anther culture, M.A. Germana.
17. Integration system for
propagation of Theobroma cacao L., S.N. Maximova, et al.
18. Mango (Mangifera
indica L.), H. Ara, et al.
19. Somatic embryogenesis in jackfruit (Artocarpus
heterophyllus Lam.), S.K. Roy, R.K. Debnath.
20. Somatic embryogenesis in
Indian olive (Elaeocarpus robustus L.), S.K. Roy, P. Sinha.
21. Rescue of
endangered palms by in vitro methods: the case of `bottle palm, V. Sarasan,
et al.
22. Somatic embryogenesis in American grapes (Vitis x labruscana L.H.
Bailey), S. Motoike, et al.
23. Pistachio, Pistachio vera L., A. Onay.
24.
Grape (Vitis vinifera L.), D.K. Das, et al.
25. Date palm, Phoenix
dactylifera L., J.M. Al-Khayri.
26. Somatic embryogenesis protocol: Citrus,
F. Carimi.27. Olive (Olea europaea), M. Mencuccini, et al.
Section C:
28. Protocol of somatic embryogenesis: Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.
(Sissoo), A.K. Singh, S. Chand.
29. Protocol of somatic embryogenesis: Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) and
sessile oak (Quercus petraea /Matt./Liebl.), V. Chalupa.
30. Protocol of
somatic embryogenesis: tamarillo (Cyphomandra betacea (Cav.) Sendtn.), J.M.
Canhoto, et al.
31. Protocol of somatic embryogenesis: European chestnut
(Castanea sativa Mill.), U. Sauer, E. Wilhelm.
32. Protocol of somatic
embryogenesis in Acacia arabica (Lamk.) Willd., G.R. Rout, R.M. Nanda.
33.
Protocol for hazelnut somatic embryogenesis, B. Berros, et al.
34. Protocol
of somatic embryogenesis: Ocotea catharinensis Mez. (Lauraceae), A.M. Viana,
et al.
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