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E-raamat: Research Methods: Information, Systems, and Contexts

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Edited by (Director, Centre for Community Networking Research, Monash University), Edited by (Senior Research Fellow, Monash University and Charles Sturt University, Australia)
  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 27-Nov-2017
  • Kirjastus: Chandos Publishing (Oxford) Ltd
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780081022214
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Research Methods: Information, Systems, and ContextsSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 27-Nov-2017
  • Kirjastus: Chandos Publishing (Oxford) Ltd
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780081022214
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Research Methods: Information, Systems, and Contexts, Second Edition, presents up-to-date guidance on how to teach research methods to graduate students and professionals working in information management, information science, librarianship, archives, and records and information systems. It provides a coherent and precise account of current research themes and structures, giving students guidance, appreciation of the scope of research paradigms, and the consequences of specific courses of action. Each of these valuable sections will help users determine the relevance of particular approaches to their own questions. The book presents academics who teach research and information professionals who carry out research with new resources and guidance on lesser-known research paradigms.

  • Provides up-to-date knowledge of research methods and their applications
  • Provides a coherent and precise account of current research themes and structures through chapters written by authors who are experts in their fields
  • Helps students and researchers understand the range of quantitative and qualitative approaches available for research, as well as how to make practical use of them
  • Provides many illustrations from projects in which authors have been involved, to enhance understanding
  • Emphasises the nexus between formulation of research question and choice of research methodology
  • Enables new researchers to understand the implications of their planning decisions

Arvustused

"In their second edition of Research Methods: Information, Systems and Contexts, Williamson and Johanson (2018) have tackled these tensions well, both in their inclusive approach to the book as well as by introducing diverse contexts while keeping to the deep and the oretical roots of the discipline. ...Research Methods is a substantial review and critique of research methods in the discipline, accompanied by useful and interesting reflections." --Library and Information Science Research

"The book that you are about to read provides a fresh perspective on research in information science. There is something for everyone here whether you are new to research in the discipline, or whether you are a seasoned scholar looking for new and inspiring ideas." --Professor Lisa Given. Associate Dean, Research and Development, Faculty of Health, Arts and Design, Swinburne University of Technology and President, Association for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T), 2018.

"It is not easy to find anything that addresses both qualitative and quantitative paradigms in library and information studies in detail. Williamson and Johansons book thoroughly satisfies these criteria, and is an engaging discussion of fundamental concepts, as well as of the wider research landscape. ...Each chapter has its own extensive references which is more helpful than a single end-of-the-book reference list because it clusters and contextualises the publications. Chapters stand alone as well as contributing to the whole; the book can be dipped into as well as read more comprehensively." -Information Research

"Research Methods is a substantial review and critique of research methods in the discipline, accompanied by useful and interesting reflections. The attention to theory as well as the practical toolkits, resources and cases make the text accessible and relevant to researchers and practitioners at different stages in their research careers." -Information Research

Muu info

Provides a coherent and precise account of current research themes and structures for academics to use in teaching research methods
List of contributors
xv
Acknowledgements xvii
About the editors xix
About the authors xxi
Foreword xxvii
Section I Foundations and Framing
1(156)
Chapter 1 Research concepts
3(24)
Kirsty Williamson
Introduction
4(1)
Research paradigms
5(1)
Reasoning styles
6(1)
Positivism
7(1)
Post-positivism
8(1)
Interpretivism: Its paradigms and research designs
9(7)
Critical theory
16(1)
Other conceptual approaches
17(1)
Qualitative research
17(2)
Mixed methods research
19(1)
Matching research questions to appropriate designs
20(1)
Conclusion
20(1)
References
21(6)
Chapter 2 The fundamentals of research planning
27(32)
Kirsty Williamson
Introduction
28(1)
Choosing a topic
28(1)
Hypothesis development and an example of hypothesis use
29(1)
Hypotheses: Definitions and types
29(1)
An example of hypothesis use from the literature
30(1)
Formulating research questions and matching them to methodologies
31(1)
Questions and methodology for a positivist/quantitative study
32(3)
Questions and methodologies for interpretivist/qualitative studies
35(7)
Questions and methodology for a critical ethnography (based on critical theory)
42(2)
The literature review
44(1)
Undertaking a literature search
44(1)
Basic steps for writing a literature review
45(1)
Theoretical frameworks
46(1)
Theory development
47(6)
Conclusion
53(1)
References
53(6)
Chapter 3 Information research: Patterns and practice
59(26)
Graeme Johanson
Kirsty Williamson
Introduction
60(1)
Information research dimensions
61(1)
What is information research?
61(8)
The role of research in professional practice
69(1)
Importance of research to professional practice
70(2)
Research dissemination
72(1)
Research dissemination practices
72(2)
Impacts of information technology
74(1)
Technological opportunities
74(1)
Transformations resulting from IT
75(1)
Resisting technological determinism
75(1)
Conclusion
76(1)
References
76(9)
Chapter 4 Archival and recordkeeping research: Past, present and future
85(42)
Anne J. Gilliland
Sue McKemmish
Introduction
86(1)
Historical developments, current trends, future directions
87(1)
Growing diversity of research themes
87(4)
Expanding research front
91(1)
Archival theory and model building
92(2)
Research programs and research infrastructure
94(1)
Research education
94(1)
Targeted research agendas and funding programs
94(1)
Scholarly venues
95(1)
Evolving research ethos and culture
96(1)
Philosophical and theoretical frameworks for research
97(1)
Positivism, interpretivism and critical theory
97(1)
Double hermeneutics
98(1)
Research methodologies, design, methods and techniques
99(1)
Methodologies
99(1)
Methods and techniques
100(10)
Designing research
110(5)
Conclusion
115(1)
References
116(11)
Chapter 5 The methodological landscape: Information systems and knowledge management
127(30)
Dubravka Cecez-Kecmanovic
Mary Anne Kennan
Introduction
128(2)
Methodological landscape
130(4)
The three major research paradigms
134(2)
Positivist, interpretive and critical research paradigms: Examples from the literature
136(4)
Developing research question/s
140(9)
From research questions to selection of methods
149(3)
Conclusion
152(1)
References
152(5)
Section II Research Methods
157(200)
Chapter 6 Survey designs
159(34)
Kerry Tanner
Introduction
160(1)
Survey research challenges and issues
160(1)
Sampling and the ability to generalise in survey research
161(1)
Creating valid and reliable survey research instruments
161(1)
Dealing with four potential sources of bias and error
162(2)
Typical stages in survey research
164(1)
Broad types of survey
165(1)
Descriptive (or status) surveys
165(3)
Explanatory (or analytical) surveys
168(5)
Survey modes
173(1)
Postal (or mail) surveys
174(6)
Personal interview-based surveys
180(2)
Telephone surveys
182(2)
Online surveys
184(6)
Mixed-mode survey designs
190(1)
Conclusion
190(1)
References
191(2)
Chapter 7 Case study research in information systems
193(16)
Graeme Shanks
Nargiza Bekmamedova
Introduction
194(1)
What is case study research?
195(1)
Types of case study research
196(1)
Research case studies
196(3)
Teaching case studies
199(1)
Designing case study research
200(1)
Research problem suited to case study research
201(1)
Designing and scoping case study research
201(2)
Conducting case study research
203(1)
Gaining access to organisations
203(1)
Efficient and effective collection of data
204(1)
Writing rigorous case study research reports
204(1)
Conclusion
205(1)
References
205(4)
Chapter 8 Action research: Theory and practice
209(16)
Kirsty Williamson
Introduction
210(1)
Defining and positioning action research
211(1)
The paradigm question
212(1)
The role of theory
213(1)
The action research spiral
214(1)
Designing, undertaking and evaluating action research
215(1)
Smart Information Use project
216(2)
Information Literacy (IL) Development in the Electronic Age project
218(3)
Action research to investigate cognitive processes underlying strategy development
221(1)
Conclusion
222(1)
References
222(3)
Chapter 9 Constructivist grounded theory: A 21st century research methodology
225(16)
James E. Herring
Introduction
226(1)
The development of grounded theory
226(2)
Aims and areas of exploration
228(1)
The process of constructivist grounded theory
229(1)
Data gathering
229(6)
Theoretical sampling
235(1)
Developing theory
236(2)
Evaluation
238(1)
Conclusion
238(1)
References
239(2)
Chapter 10 Bibliometric research
241(26)
Gaby Haddow
Introduction
242(1)
Background and terminology
242(1)
Terminology
243(2)
The role of scholarly communication patterns and disciplinary differences
245(1)
Bibliometric laws and indicators
246(1)
Bibliometric laws
246(1)
Bibliometric indicators: Measures of productivity and influence
247(4)
Citation analysis, authorship and content analysis: Study design
251(1)
Sampling for bibliometric research
251(1)
Data analysis in bibliometric research
252(4)
Authorship and affiliation
256(2)
Content analysis
258(2)
Challenges in bibliometric research
260(1)
Assumptions and limitations of bibliometric research
261(1)
Conclusion
262(1)
References
262(5)
Chapter 11 Design-science research
267(22)
Ron Weber
Introduction
268(1)
Goals of design-science research
269(2)
Undertaking high-quality design-science research
271(1)
Guidelines approach
271(3)
Design-theory approach
274(2)
Design-science research methodology approach
276(1)
An alternative approach to evaluating design-science research
276(1)
Evaluating a design-science research process
277(5)
Evaluating design-science research outcomes
282(4)
Conclusion
286(1)
References
287(2)
Chapter 12 Researching history
289(22)
Graeme Johanson
Introduction
290(1)
The future is not what it used to be
290(2)
What is history?
292(2)
Evidence is rarely self-evident
294(3)
Evaluating the evidence
297(1)
Detective
298(1)
Sceptic and verifier
299(2)
Attributed and disentangler
301(1)
Clarifier
302(2)
Storyteller, explainer
304(1)
Conclusion
305(1)
References
306(5)
Chapter 13 Ethnographic research
311(26)
Kirsty Williamson
Introduction
312(2)
Ethnography: Frameworks and approaches
314(1)
Positivist framework
314(1)
Constructivist framework
315(1)
Critical ethnography
316(2)
Postmodern ethnography
318(1)
Further comments on contemporary ethnography
319(2)
Trustworthiness in ethnographic studies
321(1)
Concerns about, and approaches to, validity in ethnography
322(1)
Ways of ensuring trustworthiness
323(1)
Designing and undertaking ethnographic research
324(1)
Uses of ethnography in information research
325(4)
Conclusion
329(1)
References
329(8)
Chapter 14 Experimental research
337(20)
Kerry Tanner
Introduction
338(1)
Philosophical paradigms and underpinning concepts
338(1)
Core concepts
339(3)
The laboratory experiment (or true experiment)
342(1)
Particular laboratory experiment research designs
343(2)
Factorial designs
345(2)
Strengths and limitations of the laboratory experiment
347(2)
Field experiments (pre-experimental and quasi-experimental research designs)
349(1)
Pre-experimental research designs
349(2)
Quasi-experimental research designs
351(4)
Conclusion
355(1)
References
355(2)
Section III Research Techniques
357(120)
Chapter 15 Populations and samples
359(20)
Kirsty Williamson
Introduction
360(1)
Definition of terms
361(1)
Types of sampling
361(1)
Probability sampling
362(7)
Non-probability sampling
369(5)
Conclusion
374(1)
References
375(4)
Chapter 16 Questionnaires, individual interviews and focus group interviews
379(26)
Kirsty Williamson
Introduction
380(1)
Questionnaires
380(1)
Advantages of questionnaires
381(1)
Disadvantages of questionnaires
381(1)
Questionnaire design
382(4)
Piloting the questionnaire
386(1)
Individual interviews
387(1)
Types of interviews
388(6)
Focus group interviews
394(1)
Advantages and disadvantages of focus groups
394(1)
Uses of focus groups
395(6)
Conclusion
401(1)
References
401(4)
Chapter 17 Observation
405(24)
Kirsty Williamson
Introduction
406(1)
Types of observation
407(1)
Structured versus unstructured observation
407(5)
From non-participation to complete participation
412(3)
Undertaking observation
415(1)
Gaining entry to a setting and selecting a sample
415(1)
Data collection
416(2)
Validity and reliability
418(1)
Ethical issues
419(1)
Examples of observation in the information field
420(1)
Mapping the social activity space of the public library
420(2)
The role of information for people in the fourth age
422(2)
Self-observation of an ultrarunner
424(1)
Conclusion
424(1)
References
425(4)
Chapter 18 Quantitative data analysis
429(24)
Judithe Sheard
Introduction
430(1)
Context for discussion: Project management website usage dataset
430(1)
Data preparation
431(1)
Data cleaning
432(1)
Data transformation and integration
433(1)
Statistical analysis
434(1)
Descriptive statistics
435(8)
Inferential statistics
443(7)
Summary of results of analyses
450(1)
Conclusion
451(1)
References
451(2)
Chapter 19 Qualitative data analysis
453(24)
Kirsty Williamson
Lisa M. Given
Paui Scifleet
Introduction
454(1)
Thematic analysis and category coding: An overview
455(1)
Themes, categories and coding
456(5)
Qualitative content analysis: An overview
461(1)
Foundations of content analysis
461(1)
Qualitative content analysis
462(5)
Discourse analysis: An overview
467(1)
Varied approaches to discourse analysis
468(3)
Discourse analysis in information studies: A brief overview
471(1)
Conclusion
471(1)
References
472(5)
Section IV Research Practice and Communication
477(58)
Chapter 20 Ethical research practices
479(26)
Graeme Johanson
Introduction
480(1)
Research as an ethical hot-house
481(2)
The basis of ethical practice
483(5)
Intercultural research ethics
488(1)
Language and ethics
489(1)
Variations in cultural norms and ethical practice
489(1)
Human rights, ethics and research
490(1)
Research phases requiring ethical behaviour
491(1)
Research planning and design
491(2)
Collecting data
493(1)
The management and storage of data
493(1)
Publication of research data and findings
494(2)
Ownership and authorship
496(1)
Peer review
496(1)
Conclusion
497(1)
References
498(7)
Chapter 21 Managing research data
505(12)
Mary Anne Kennan
Introduction
506(1)
Research data: Forms and sources
506(1)
Digital data
507(1)
Why research data need to be managed
507(1)
Data management planning and processes
508(1)
Legal, ethical and policy requirements for planning
509(1)
Pragmatic and practical reasons to plan
510(3)
Data management planning tools and resources
513(1)
Conclusion
514(1)
References
514(3)
Chapter 22 Research writing and dissemination
517(18)
Mary Anne Kennan
Kim M. Thompson
Introduction
518(1)
Where to start
518(2)
The research writing process
520(1)
Structure
520(2)
Writing as you research
522(1)
Study significance
522(1)
Guides for authors
523(1)
Revising, editing and proofing
523(1)
Dissemination and publishing
524(1)
Types of formats
525(3)
Open access
528(1)
Emerging forms of dissemination
529(1)
Peer review and ethical writing
529(1)
Revisions post-review
530(1)
The ethics of authorship
531(1)
Conclusion
532(1)
References
532(3)
Section V Information Research: Reflections on Past and Future
535(30)
Chapter 23 The future of information research
537(28)
Kirsty Williamson
Graeme Johanson
Alex Byrne
Lisa M. Given
Mary Anne Kennan
Gillian Oliver
Introduction
538(1)
Research methodology
538(1)
The past affects the future
538(3)
Prophecy: `From the lush jungle of modern thought'
541(7)
Cultural differences in future information research
548(1)
The complexity of culture
549(2)
Diverse information environments
551(1)
The globalisation-nationalism paradox
551(1)
Research and practice
552(1)
Practitioners and researchers
553(2)
The tipping point
555(2)
Future directions: Both practice-led and practice-leading
557(1)
Conclusion
558(1)
References
559(6)
Concluding reflections: The research journey 565(10)
Donald Schauder
Glossary of terms used in research 575(14)
Author Index 589(14)
Subject Index 603
Kirsty Williamson has focused her career almost entirely on research since 1996 when she obtained her PhD. For much of that time she was Director of the research group, Information and Telecommunications Needs Research (ITNR), a joint initiative of Monash University and Charles Sturt University in Australia. She has undertaken many research projects and has received many research grants from a range of different non-government and government organisations, including the principal funding body of Australian Universities, the Australian Research Council (ARC). Her research has been widely published. Graeme Johanson is Director of the Centre for Community Networking Research at Monash University. He has undertaken academic research for 45 years, and his research findings are widely published. He has supervised many research projects, mainly about the evaluation and use of information and communications technologies for the benefit of developing countries and marginalised groups of people. His initial interest in archives, historical documents, and oral history led him to work as a librarian in research institutions for ten years before becoming an academic focusing on information management and community informatics.
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