This paper reviews some of the important technical barriers that must be overcome to achieve truly efficient flying adaptive micro air vehicles (MAVs). As defined by the Defense Advanced Research Agency (DARPA), MAVs are vehicles with no length dimension greater than 6 inches. These vehicles typically weigh less than 100 grams and some can fly for approximately 30 minutes. Over the past decade significant progress has been made in developing these small-scale mechanical flying machines. However, there is still much work to be done if these vehicles are to approach the efficiency and performance of biological fliers. This paper reviews the status of current miniature mechanical flying machines and compares their performance with common biological flyers such as birds, and small insects. This comparison reveals that advances in aerodynamic efficiency, lightweight and adaptive wing structures, energy conversion/propulsion systems and flight control are required to match or exceed the performance of natureâs great flyers.
Feasibility of Adaptive Micro Air Vehicles. Development of a Strain-Rate
Dependent Model for Uniaxial Loading of SMA Wires. Adaptive Control of
Semi-Active Variable Stiffness Devices for Narrow-Band Disturbance Rejection.
Advanced Actuators. Mechanically Ratcheting Piezoelectric Motors. Solid-Fluid
Hybrid Actuation: Concepts, Models, Capabilities and Limitations. Compact
Piezo-Hydraulic Hybrid Actuator. Performance Modeling in a Piezo-Hydraulic
Actuator. Experimental Studies of Zero Spillover Scheme for Active Structural
Acoustic Control Systems. Smart Damping. An Adaptable Active-Passive
Piezoelectric Absorber For Nonstationary Disturbance Rejection Theory and
Implementation. Hybrid Piezoelectric Damping System for Flexible Three-Story
Structure with Base Excitation. Electrorheological Damper Analysis Using an
Eyring Constitutive Relationship. Vibration Control of Train Suspension
Systems via MR Fluid Dampers. Testing and Modeling of Magnetorheological
Vibration Isolators. Identification And Control. Model to Determine the
Performance Requirements of Adaptive Materials used to Morph a Wing with an
Aerodynamic Load. Shape Control with Karhunen-Loève-Decomposition:
Experimental Results. Damage Identification in Aging Aircraft Structures with
Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors. Adaptive Stiffness Design For
Multi-Material Structural System. Smart Materials. Constitutive Model of
Shape Memory Alloys Based on the Phase Interaction Energy Function and its
Application to Thermomechanical Process. Manufacture Of Ionic Polymer
Actuators Using Non-Precious Metal Electrodes. Chemoelectric and
Electromechanical Modeling of Ionic Polymer Materials. Modeling And
Identification. Vibration Testing and Finite Element Analysis of Inflatable
Structures. Fiber Tip Based Fiber Optic Acoustic Sensors. Modeling of Plate
Structures Equipped with Current-Driven Electrostrictive Actuators for Active
Vibration Control. Electro-Mechanical Coupled Modeling and Optimization of
Passively Damped Adaptive Composite Structures. Interrogation of Beam and
Plate Structures Using Phased Array Concepts. Modelization and Numerical
Approximation of Active Thin Shells. Development of A PVDF Piezopolymer
Sensor for Unconstrained In-Sleep Cardiorespiratory Monitoring. Simultaneous
Design of Structural Topology and Control. High-Load/High-Speed Systems.
Modelling and Design of High-Load Actuator Systems in Adaptive Structures.
Development of Smart Missile Fins with Active Spoiler. An Adaptronic Solution
To Increase Efficiency Of High-Speed Parallel Robots.
Norman Wereley, Inderjit Chopra, Darryll Pines
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