Trace elements are involved in almost every biochemical process in body cells, and inadequacy or unbalance of trace element supply consequently affects a number of physiological functions. Recently developed and improved analytical techniques have strongly contributed to an increased understanding of the role of trace elements for health and disease. This publication gives an excellent overview of the present knowledge concerning their significance in a number of conditions. The specific problems in evaluating trace element intakes and status are highlighted. An adequate nutrient supply is particularly important in periods of growth, especially for infants, children and pregnant women. Improvement of trace element status through food fortification or supplementation is another central theme of this volume. Moreover, the biochemical and epidemiological evidences that they play a role in the prevention of coronary heart disease, cancer and osteoporosis are discussed. To keep track of the exciting developments in the field of trace elements, this publication is important for nutritionists, dietitians, pediatricians, general practitioners, public health professionals and food technologists alike.
Preface VII Trace Element Intake and Status 75(1) The Significance of Trace Elements for Human Health and Well-Being 1(7) Sandstrom, B. (Frederiksberg) Trace Element Intake in Europe: Safe and Adequate? 8(10) van Dokkum, W. (Zeist) Trace Element Deficiencies in Man 18(11) Aggett, P.J. (Norwich) Trace Element Bioavailability 29(11) Fairweather-Tait, S.J. (Norwich) Improvement of Trace Element Status Through Food Fortification: Technological, Biological and Health Aspects 40(18) Hurrell, R.F. (Zurich) Iodine Status of Austrian Children and Adolescents 58(9) Elmadfa, I.; Koenig, J.S. (Vienna) The Effects of Iron Supplementation on Cognitive Function in Infants and Children 67(9) Abbott, R. (London) Trace Elements, Growth and Development 36(76) Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Childrens Growth: A Meta-Analysis of Intervention Trials 76(8) Brown, K.H. Peerson, J.M. Allen, L.H. (Davis, Calif.) Micronutrients, Minerals and Growth Control 84(9) Clausen, T. Dorup, I. (Aarhus) Zinc Metabolism during Pregnancy -- Interactions with Vitamin A 93(10) Lonnerdal, B. (Davis, Calif.) Roles of Trace Metals in the Maturation, Activation and Effector Functions of Immune Cells 103(9) Failla, M.L. (Greensboro, N.C.) Trace Elements and Chronic Disease 53(112) Excessive Intake of Iron and Mercury in Cardiovascular Disease 112(15) Salonen, J.T. (Kuopio) Trace Elements and Cardiovascular Disease 127(14) Strain, J.J. (Coleraine) Selenium and Cancer 141(9) Overvad, K. (Aarhus) Trace Elements and Bone Metabolism 150(15) Cashman, K.; Flynn, A. (Cork) Author Index 165(1) Subject Index 166
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