The Routledge Handbook of Chinese and Eurasian International Relations explores Chinas relations with the Eurasian continents regions and countries in a multipolar era, providing an equal and balanced platform for scholars and practitioners from East, West, North, and South. This diversity enriches the contribution, giving it a dynamic ability to examine sources in different languages and cover a vast geography.
Divided into ten parts, this handbook analyses the major powers in a Multipolar World Order; Chinas political and economic interests in post-Soviet Eurasia, Middle East, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and Arctic; and China's relations with the US, Russia, Eurasian Economic Union, NATO and other players. International technology and environmental experts consider the impact of the Belt and Road Initiative, along with other international economic and transport corridors, and examine Chinas multilateral relations and Digital Silk Road and e-governance roles. The Routledge Handbook of Chinese and Eurasian International Relations also contains official documents detailing the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and several European and Asian states, making it an authoritative source on diplomatic affairs.
This groundbreaking book will be of interest to policymakers, businessmen, scholars, and students of international relations, area studies, cybersecurity and digitalization, economics and the politics of international trade, security studies, foreign policy, global governance, international organizations, and environmental studies.
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In a world defined by turbulent interactions between multiple orders, China is emerging as a major hub for the flow of power, ideas, and practices of international political and economic relations. As Beijings outreach is bourgeoning not only in the worlds remotest corners but also eyeing the depths of outer space, there is an urgent need for solid knowledge of its content, patterns, and trajectories. The Routledge Handbook of Chinese and Eurasian International Relations edited by Mher Sahakyan responds to this demand by offering a compelling, thoughtful, and granular analysis of the full spectrum of Chinas investments, initiatives, and infrastructure ventures across the Eurasian expanse. Stretching from the Euro-Atlantic to the Indo-Pacific, the contributions to Sahakyans collection make a powerful case that it is in the complex Eurasian environments that Chinas ambitions simultaneously shape and are shaped by an array of local actors and external powers. Drawing on detailed case studies, commanding knowledge, and engaging research, the volume provides a detailed account of the current likely future directions of Chinas growing footprint around the world. Owing to its timely insights and impressive empirical scope, this Handbook will be an invaluable resource for scholars, diplomats, business people and students.
Professor Emilian Kavalski, NAWA Chair Professor of Complex Systems Centre for International Studies and Development Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Poland. Book Series Editor for Routledges Rethinking Asia and International Relations series.
The Handbook of Chinese and Eurasian International Relations provides a grounded analysis of the complex nuances and perspectives on the contentious and fluid geopolitics and political economy centring in the Eurasian continents regions. The sections that contain contributions from locally-based researchers are especially helpful. My congratulations to the editor, Dr Mher Sahakyan and the expert contributors for adding a timely addition to the literature on this important dimension of international relations and development.
Professor Linda Chelan Li, Director, Research Centre for Sustainable Hong Kong, City University of Hong Kong, China.
It is critically important for decision-makers, businesses, scholars and other international actors to understand the emerging Multipolar World Order 2.0, and the bold Routledge Handbook of Chinese and Eurasian International Relations makes an important contribution with its wide scope and timely analysis of Chinas emerging role in Eurasian politics, economy and high-technology spheres. The diversity of authors makes this handbook a reliable source, as it includes research of accomplished scholars from Western, Eastern, Northern and Southern leading universities and think tanks.
Dr David Morris, Vice Chair of the UN ESCAP Sustainable Business Network for the Asia Pacific. Senior Fellow, Center for China and Globalization.
List of Figures
List of Tables
List of Contributors
Preface in ChineseBy Kevin Lo
Preface in EnglishBy Kevin Lo
Acknowledgments
List of Abbreviations
Introduction of Chinese Eurasian Relations
MHER SAHAKYAN AND ANAHIT PARZYAN
Part I
Powers Play in Eurasia in a Multipolar World Order 2.0
1. Chinas Position on Russo-Ukrainian War in a Multipolar World Order 2.0
MHER SAHAKYAN
2. US-China Competition in Eurasia: Actions and Reactions in a Multipolar
World Order 2.0
GREG SIMONS
PART II
Central Asia
3. Empowering the Dragon: Strategic Competition of China and Russia in the
Central Asian Natural Gas Sector
TAMAS DUDLAK
4. Indias Engagement with Central Asia and Competition with China in a
Multipolar World Order 2.0
SRDJAN ULJEVIC
5. Belt and Road Initiatives and Central Asias Challenges: Case Study
Kazakhstan
RUSLAN IZIMOV
6. Rethinking China-Kyrgyzstan Relations: Addressing Challenges and
Imbalances
ZAMIRA MURATALIEVA
Part III
Middle East
7. Turkey and China in the Eurasian Landmass: From Bilateral Relations to
the Silk Road Cooperation
SELÇUK ÇOLAKOLU
8. Irans Look to the East Policy after US Withdrawal from Nuclear Deal:
Chinese and Russian Directions
DAVOUD GHARAYAGH-ZANDI
9. The GCC states and China: Asymmetric Relations in a Multipolar World
Order 2.0
MÁTÉ SZALAI
Part IV
Europe
10. Unpacking Germanys Contemporary Relationship with China: The Political
and Economic Factors Driving the Hedge
MAXIMILIAN OHLE, RICHARD J. COOK AND ZHAOYING HAN
11. Relations between China and Italy in the Context of the Development of
the World Market
ORAZIO MARIA GNERRE
12. Czech-China Relations: Future Possibilities and Policy Shifts in a
Multipolar World Order 2.0
ÁRKA WAISOVÁ
13. Analysing Comprehensive Strategic Partnership between China and Serbia:
Political, Economic, and Military-Technical Relations
NENAD STEKI
14. Poland-China Relations: Policy Shifts, Economic, Educational, and
Cultural Ties in a Multipolar World Order 2.0
ELBIETA PRO
15. China and Greece: Political, Economic, and Cultural Relations in the
Multipolar World Order 2.0
GINA PANAGOPOULOU
Part V
Asia-Pacific
16. Examining Hong Kongs Agency within Sino-American Relations
BRIAN WONG YUE SHUN AND JASON YIP WAI CHEONG
17. US-China Competition: Framing New Security Architecture in the
Asia-Pacific Region
AHMED BUX JAMALI, MEHMOOD HUSSAIN AND HONGSONG LIU
18. Unpacking the Discursive Strategies and Drivers of Chinese Visions of an
Alternative World Order: History and Emotions in the South China Sea Dispute
ERIC POMÈS AND MATTHIEU GRANDPIERRON
19. Exploring the Conditions for Settling the South China Sea Territorial
Dispute between China and Malaysia
YULONG DAI
20. Chinas Belt and Road Initiative and Japans Strategic Response through
the AAGC, QUAD and FOIP 2.0
TONY TAI-TING LIU
21. Chinas Belt and Road Initiative and Sri Lanka: A Geopolitical
Perspective
ASANTHA SENEVIRATHNA
22. Mongolia and Chinas Belt and Road Initiative in Multipolar World Order
2.0
CONNOR JUDGE
PART VI
Arctic
23. The Dragon and the Bear on the Polar Silk Road: The Impact of
Sino-Russian Cooperation on the Great Power Competition in the Arctic
JAN ELEZNÝ
Part VII
Chinas Relations with the Eurasian Economic Union and the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization
24. The Eurasian Economic UnionChina Relations: Challenges and Prospects
GOHAR BARSEGHYAN
25. Analysing CPCs Image-Building for the EU and the US in the Context of
NATO
ARMINE ARZRUMANYAN
Part VIII
Digitalization and International Relations
26. Legal Aspects of the Digital Silk Road: Trends and Challenges
MAGDALENA GIEWSKA
27. Exploring the Competition and Technological Decoupling between the US
and China: A Case Study of the Digital Silk Road and the EAEU States
LEV M. SOKOLSCHIK AND EDUARD Z. GALIMULLIN
Part IX
Environmental Politics
28. Environmental Geopolitics: The Belt and Road Initiative and Chinas
Global Influence
KEVIN LO
29. Tackling Environmental Worries and Social Tensions in Italy and China
through E-Government Systems
GIORGIO CARIDI
Part X
CONCLUSION
30. Conclusion: The Eurasian Continent is in a Multipolar World Order 2.0
stage
MHER SAHAKYAN
For More from Mher Sahakyan and Routledge Read
Index
Mher Sahakyan is the editor of Routledge Handbook of Chinese and Eurasian International Relations and China and Eurasian Powers in Multipolar World Order 2.0: Security, Diplomacy, Economy and Cybersecurity, which Routledge published in 2024 and 2023. He is the editor of China and Eurasia: Rethinking Cooperation and Contradictions in the Era of Changing World Order, published by Routledge in September 2021. He is the author of the book Chinas Belt and Road Initiative and Armenia, published in Armenian and Russian. It was shortlisted by the International Convention of Asia Scholars in Leiden, Netherlands, for its 2021 book prize. Mher is also the author of The New Great Power Competition in Central Asia: Opportunities and Challenges for the Gulf, a contribution published in 2021 by the Anwar Gargash Diplomatic Academy in the United Arab Emirates. Mher is the founder and director of the ChinaEurasia Council for Political and Strategic Research, a foundation in Armenia. He is a 2024 LEWI Visiting Fellow at the David C. Lam Institute for EastWest Studies at Hong Kong Baptist University. He holds a doctorate in international relations from Chinas Nanjing University. Mher Sahakyan was an AsiaGlobal Fellow at the Asia Global Institute of the University of Hong Kong from 2020 to 2022. In 2023, the Ministry of Education and Science of Armenia's Supreme Certifying Committee awarded him an associate professorship in political science. He is an elected advisory board member of the International Institute for Peace, Austria and the School of Liberal Arts & Humanities, Woxsen University, India. Mher is also a member of the International Political Science Association and the Author's Licensing and Collecting Society. He is the founder of the Eurasian Research on Modern China and Eurasia annual international conference. Mher has received invitations to showcase his research as a keynote speaker at the Renmin University, Corvinus University of Budapest, University of Calicut and as a speaker at the University of Oxford, University of Cambridge, International Institute for Peace, Moscow State University, Eastern Economic Forum, University of Hong Kong, Shanghai University, University of Edinburgh, Kings College London, Academic Council on the United Nations System, Delegation of the EU to China, City University of Hong Kong, Jawaharlal Nehru University, Hong Kong Baptist University, Istanbul Gedik University, and several others.
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