Acknowledgments |
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xv | |
Introduction |
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1 | (1) |
Who is this book for? |
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1 | (1) |
How did we get here? |
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2 | (6) |
Why the focus on minority-language development? |
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8 | (2) |
What's next? |
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10 | (2) |
What special features does the book offer? |
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12 | (1) |
Online resources for readers |
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12 | (3) |
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PART I What is immersion and dual language education? |
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15 | (58) |
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1 From goals and outcomes to program models and characteristics |
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17 | (24) |
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Prelude: The importance of learning other languages and the complexity of what to call them |
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17 | (2) |
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Goals and outcomes of ImDL education |
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19 | (7) |
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Defining characteristics of ImDL programs |
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26 | (3) |
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ImDL program model variations |
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29 | (8) |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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39 | (1) |
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Online resources for readers |
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40 | (1) |
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2 Characteristics of well-implemented immersion and dual language programs |
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41 | (32) |
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41 | (2) |
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Program leadership and design |
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43 | (3) |
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46 | (4) |
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50 | (2) |
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Curriculum and instruction |
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52 | (14) |
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Assessment and accountability |
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66 | (3) |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (1) |
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70 | (1) |
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Online resources for readers |
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70 | (3) |
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PART II What is counterbalanced instruction? |
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73 | (54) |
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3 Counterbalanced instruction: Its rationale and key characteristics |
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75 | (26) |
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Why are there shortcomings in minority-language development? |
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75 | (3) |
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Making ImDL classrooms language rich and discourse rich |
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78 | (3) |
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What is counterbalanced instruction? |
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81 | (2) |
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Theoretical underpinnings of counterbalanced instruction |
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83 | (4) |
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The importance of meaningful practice in skill acquisition |
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87 | (5) |
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What language features require counterbalanced instruction? |
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92 | (6) |
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98 | (1) |
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98 | (1) |
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98 | (3) |
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4 Contextualization, awareness, practice, and autonomy: The CAPA model |
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101 | (26) |
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The CAPA model and its four phases |
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101 | (11) |
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112 | (8) |
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120 | (3) |
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123 | (1) |
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124 | (1) |
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Online resources for readers |
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124 | (3) |
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PART III What is scaffolding? |
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127 | (58) |
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5 Effective scaffolding and questioning techniques |
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129 | (21) |
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129 | (6) |
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135 | (12) |
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147 | (1) |
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147 | (2) |
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Online resources for readers |
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149 | (1) |
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150 | (35) |
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Overview of corrective feedback (CF) and its purpose |
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150 | (3) |
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153 | (3) |
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Frequency of CF and distribution of different types of CF |
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156 | (2) |
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158 | (5) |
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163 | (7) |
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170 | (3) |
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Using both recasts and prompts as scaffolding |
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173 | (4) |
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Written corrective feedback |
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177 | (3) |
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180 | (1) |
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Application activity 1 Oral feedback coding exercise |
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180 | (3) |
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Application activity 2 What's wrong with this prompt? |
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183 | (2) |
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PART IV Curriculum planning and assessment |
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185 | (95) |
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7 Unit-level instructional design |
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187 | (16) |
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188 | (1) |
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188 | (1) |
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Units, modules, and lessons |
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188 | (1) |
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Setting the stage for instructional design |
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189 | (1) |
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Unit-level instructional design |
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190 | (10) |
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200 | (1) |
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Application activity: Using the template to design instruction |
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200 | (1) |
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Online resources for readers |
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200 | (3) |
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8 Module and lesson instructional design |
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203 | (34) |
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203 | (2) |
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ImDL module/lesson instructional design |
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205 | (3) |
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208 | (1) |
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Desired results---primary learning objectives |
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209 | (13) |
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Desired results---secondary learning objectives |
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222 | (4) |
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Learning experiences/instruction |
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226 | (7) |
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Evidence: Lesson-level formative assessment procedures |
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233 | (1) |
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234 | (1) |
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Application activity 1 What's wrong with this objective? |
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234 | (1) |
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Application activity 2 Writing language objectives |
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235 | (1) |
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Application activity 3 Using the template to design instruction |
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236 | (1) |
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Online resources for readers |
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236 | (1) |
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9 Scaffolding biliteracy development |
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237 | (22) |
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237 | (8) |
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245 | (2) |
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Bilingual read-aloud projects |
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247 | (10) |
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257 | (1) |
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Application activity: Developing a bilingual read-aloud project |
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257 | (1) |
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Online resources for readers |
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258 | (1) |
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10 Performance assessment |
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259 | (21) |
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Student performance assessment |
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259 | (5) |
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What is the Integrated Performance Assessment? |
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264 | (2) |
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Modifying the IPA for ImDL classrooms |
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266 | (3) |
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Designing the IPA for ImDL classrooms |
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269 | (6) |
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Teacher performance assessment |
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275 | (2) |
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277 | (1) |
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Application activity 1 Designing an IPA |
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278 | (1) |
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Application activity 2 Engaging in self-assessment |
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278 | (1) |
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Online resources for readers |
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279 | (1) |
Conclusion |
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280 | (3) |
References |
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283 | (23) |
Appendix A ImDL Unit Design example |
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306 | (6) |
Appendix B ImDL Module and Lesson Design example |
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312 | (14) |
Appendix C ImDL IPA example |
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326 | (14) |
Appendix D Self-Assessment Rubric for ImDL Teachers |
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340 | (13) |
Appendix E Answer keys |
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353 | (2) |
Index |
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355 | |