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E-raamat: Seeing Students Learn Science: Integrating Assessment and Instruction in the Classroom

  • Formaat: 136 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 24-Mar-2017
  • Kirjastus: National Academies Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780309444330
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  • Formaat: 136 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 24-Mar-2017
  • Kirjastus: National Academies Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780309444330

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Science educators in the United States are adapting to a new vision of how students learn science. Children are natural explorers and their observations and intuitions about the world around them are the foundation for science learning. Unfortunately, the way science has been taught in the United States has not always taken advantage of those attributes. Some students who successfully complete their K12 science classes have not really had the chance to "do" science for themselves in ways that harness their natural curiosity and understanding of the world around them.





The introduction of the Next Generation Science Standards led many states, schools, and districts to change curricula, instruction, and professional development to align with the standards. Therefore existing assessmentswhatever their purposecannot be used to measure the full range of activities and interactions happening in science classrooms that have adapted to these ideas because they were not designed to do so. Seeing Students Learn Science is meant to help educators improve their understanding of how students learn science and guide the adaptation of their instruction and approach to assessment. It includes examples of innovative assessment formats, ways to embed assessments in engaging classroom activities, and ideas for interpreting and using novel kinds of assessment information. It provides ideas and questions educators can use to reflect on what they can adapt right away and what they can work toward more gradually.

Table of Contents



Front Matter 1 What's Really Different? 2 What Does This Kind of Assessment Look Like? 3 What Can I Learn from My Students' Work? 4 Building New Kinds of Assessments into the Flow of Your Instruction 5 You and Your School, District, and State References Resources for Practitioners Biographical Sketches of Consulting Experts About the Authors Acknowledgments Index Photo Credits
Preface vii
1 What's Really Different?
1(32)
A New Way to Think About Science Learning
5(9)
Science Learning Is Three-Dimensional
6(5)
Science Understanding Develops Gradually
11(3)
Changes in the Classroom
14(1)
Capitalizing on Students' Natural Curiosity
15(2)
Engaging Students from Diverse Backgrounds
17(1)
A New Way to Think About Assessment
18(8)
Assessment in the Classroom
19(2)
Assessment as a System
21(1)
What Will Be Different?
22(4)
Building on Assessment Basics---A Quick Primer
26(6)
The Purpose for Assessing Drives the Design
28(1)
One Assessment Cannot Serve All Purposes
29(1)
The Assessment Should Measure What You Intend It to Measure
30(1)
It Is Critical to Be Sure Students Understand What They Are Being Asked to Do
30(1)
The Assessment Tasks and Context Should Be Consistent If Groups of Students Are to Be Compared
30(1)
The Assessment Situation Should Give Every Student a Fair Opportunity to Demonstrate What He or She Has Learned
31(1)
Chapter Highlights
32(1)
2 What Does This Kind of Assessment Look Like?
33(18)
Dissecting an Example
34(4)
Example 1 What Is Going on Inside Me?
34(1)
This Task Measures Three-Dimensional Learning
35(1)
This Task Measures Understanding That Has Developed Gradually
36(2)
Comparing a Traditional Assessment with the New Approach
38(10)
Traditional Example
38(2)
Three-Dimensional Approach
40(1)
Example 2 Biodiversity in the Schoolyard
40(6)
What Are the Differences?
46(2)
What Do These Examples Show Us?
48(2)
Chapter Highlights
50(1)
3 What Can I Learn from My Students' Work?
51(20)
Using a Familiar Activity as an Assessment
52(6)
Example 3 Behavior of Air
52(2)
Class Discussion as an Assessment
54(3)
Using the Results
57(1)
New Ways to Score and Evaluate Student Work
58(10)
Example 4 Measuring Silkworms
59(5)
Using the Results
64(1)
Using Example Student Responses
65(3)
What Do These Examples Show Us?
68(1)
Chapter Highlights
69(2)
4 Building New Kinds of Assessments into the Flow of Your Instruction
71(20)
Applying New Approaches
73(10)
Example 5 Climate Change
74(6)
Example 6 Movement of Water
80(3)
Taking Advantage of Technology
83(6)
Example 7 Ecosystems
84(5)
What Do These Examples Show Us?
89(1)
Chapter Highlights
90(1)
5 You and Your School, District, and State
91(16)
Working Within an Assessment System
91(5)
Components of an Integrated Assessment System
92(1)
Assessment for Monitoring
93(2)
Reporting Results That Work Together
95(1)
Helping to Shift the System
96(8)
Addressing Diversity in the Classroom
96(3)
Collaborating with Your Colleagues
99(1)
Professional Development and Service Opportunities
100(1)
Finding Interdisciplinary Connections
101(1)
Example 8 SSSNOW Project
102(2)
Chapter Highlights
104(3)
References 107(2)
Resources for Practitioners 109(2)
Biographical Sketches of Consulting Experts 111(4)
About the Authors 115(2)
Acknowledgments 117(2)
Index 119(5)
Photo Credits 124