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E-raamat: Sharks in the Arts: From Feared to Revered

, , (University of Cambridge, UK), (National Taiwan University, Taiwan)
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This book is the most thorough exploration to-date of the many ways in which a wild creature has been absorbed, reimagined and represented across the ages in all of the major art forms. It comprises the work of four international experts currently working in England, the U.S.A., Taiwan and Australia on various aspects of cultural history. They consider not only how the identity of sharks in the natural environment became incorporated into a cultural environment but also how sharks came to be considered the most feared creatures in the open oceans as a consequence of this incorporation. Yet sharks are especially important in helping to maintain a balance that is essential to the health of the oceans.

The book begins with a treatment of the four sharks at the top of global shark attack file from scientific, economic and environmental perspectives. Subsequent chapters engage with cultural representations of sharks in poetry, drama, art, and advertising, in novels, screenplay adaptations and films. Through an exploration of the ways in which sharks have been represented in human culture through the centuries this book alerts the global community to the importance of sharks as a common cultural heritage. It aims to change perceptions of sharks so that they can become more revered than feared. The authors of this book argue that the conscious cultural representation of sharks in negative and positive ways impacts on the kinds of decisions that are made about real sharks in the wild, and that an increased understanding of sharks should lead to the development of better strategies for shark and human interactions.

This book will be of great interest to researchers and students of the Environmental Humanities, Cultural History and the Arts. It is also excellent supplementary reading for courses in Zoology and Marine Science.

Arvustused

"Sharks in the Arts is a heroic attempt to stop or at least slow the wanton destruction of one of our planets most remarkable species. A key to saving these astonishing creatures, the authors argue, is to understand the ways in which they have been fashioned in literature, painting, and above all movies into a terrifying symbol of menace. This book is an example of ecocriticism at its most engaged and urgent." Stephen Greenblatt, Cogan University Professor of the Humanities, Harvard University, USA

List of figures
vii
Acknowledgements ix
1 Setting the shark scene
1(30)
Representations of sharks in emotional contexts
1(4)
The cultural shark (triggering fear)
5(3)
Human impact on sharks
8(3)
Changing attitudes to sharks
11(3)
Image making and image breaking
14(2)
Shark attack or shark engagement?
16(3)
Understanding attack
19(12)
2 Establishing the reputation of sharks
31(17)
Shark in print
32(6)
Reaching maturity: `shark' in the later seventeenth century
38(4)
Established meanings
42(6)
3 Sharks in poetry
48(32)
Political protest and sharks
49(3)
Love and sharks
52(2)
Slave ships and sharks
54(4)
Fear and shark attack
58(9)
Humorous shark attack poems
67(4)
Sharks in other cultures
71(3)
Shark fishing
74(6)
4 Drama shark
80(19)
Sharks as critics
80(2)
Sharks in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries
82(6)
Sharks and increasing emotional representations
88(4)
Sexy sharks
92(7)
5 Sharks in the visual arts
99(24)
Watson and the Shark
101(2)
The sublimation of the sea
103(2)
Shark in the Gulf Stream
105(1)
Photography
106(2)
A range of response in twentieth-century art
108(1)
Damien Hirst and beyond
109(2)
Graphic sharks
111(3)
Art in Oceania
114(9)
6 Prose sharks
123(20)
Sharks in a curiosity culture
123(5)
Sharks and increased acquaintance
128(3)
The novel shark
131(12)
7 Sharks on film
143(14)
Shark movies
143(6)
Humorous horror shark movies
149(2)
Bit parts for sharks
151(2)
Shark documentaries
153(4)
Index 157
Vivienne Westbrook is an Adjunct Professor at The University of Western Australia and a member of St. Johns College, Cambridge, UK. She has authored numerous works of cultural history and is currently focusing on literary representation within the Environmental Humanities.

Shaun Collin is a Professor of Neuroecology within the Oceans Graduate School and Deputy Director of the Oceans Institute at The University of Western Australia. He has published extensively on the subject of how aquatic animals, including sharks, detect and process environmental signals.

Dean Crawford is an Emeritus Professor of English at Vassar College, USA and the author of Shark (Reaktion) and The Lay of the Land (Viking-Penguin).

Mark Nicholls is a Fellow of St John's College, University of Cambridge, UK. He currently serves as Librarian, Tutor and Supervisor in British History, and was President of the College from 2007 to 2011.