Preface |
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xiii | |
Part I Six Sigma Implementation and Management |
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Chapter 1 Building the Responsive Six Sigma Organization |
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3 | (58) |
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3 | (14) |
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4 | (2) |
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6 | (2) |
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Six Sigma Versus Traditional Three Sigma Performance |
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8 | (4) |
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12 | (5) |
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17 | (44) |
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18 | (3) |
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21 | (17) |
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Integrating Six Sigma and Related Initiatives |
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38 | (14) |
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Deployment to the Supply Chain |
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52 | (2) |
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Communications and Awareness |
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54 | (7) |
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Chapter 2 Recognizing and Capitalizing on Opportunity |
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61 | (84) |
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Methods for Collecting Customer Data |
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61 | (14) |
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62 | (9) |
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71 | (1) |
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Operational Feedback Systems |
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72 | (3) |
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75 | (7) |
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78 | (3) |
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81 | (1) |
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82 | (5) |
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82 | (1) |
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Getting Started with Benchmarking |
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83 | (2) |
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Why Benchmarking Efforts Fail |
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85 | (1) |
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The Benefits of Benchmarking |
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86 | (1) |
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Some Dangers of Benchmarking |
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87 | (1) |
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87 | (19) |
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88 | (1) |
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Quality Function Deployment |
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89 | (4) |
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Translating Customer Demands |
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93 | (8) |
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101 | (5) |
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106 | (7) |
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107 | (2) |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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Possibilities-Based Strategic Decisions |
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111 | (2) |
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Strategic Development Using Constraint Theory |
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113 | (32) |
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114 | (3) |
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Basic Constraint Management Principles and Concepts |
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117 | (9) |
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Tools of Constraint Management |
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126 | (12) |
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Constraint Management Measurements |
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138 | (5) |
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143 | (2) |
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Chapter 3 Data-Driven Management |
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145 | (32) |
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Attributes of Good Metrics |
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145 | (4) |
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Measuring Causes and Effects |
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147 | (2) |
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149 | (28) |
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151 | (8) |
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Communicating and Linking |
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159 | (3) |
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162 | (4) |
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166 | (11) |
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Chapter 4 Maximizing Resources |
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177 | (34) |
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Choosing the Right Projects |
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177 | (18) |
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178 | (1) |
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Analyzing Project Candidates |
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179 | (8) |
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Using Pareto Analysis to Identify Six Sigma Project Candidates |
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187 | (2) |
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Throughput-Based Project Selection |
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189 | (6) |
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Ongoing Management Support |
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195 | (6) |
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196 | (1) |
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197 | (1) |
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Individual Barriers to Change |
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197 | (1) |
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Ineffective Management Support Strategies |
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198 | (1) |
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Effective Management Support Strategies |
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199 | (1) |
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Cross-Functional Collaboration |
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200 | (1) |
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Tracking Six Sigma Project Results |
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201 | (10) |
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Financial Results Validation |
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204 | (1) |
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Team Performance Evaluation |
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204 | (1) |
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Team Recognition and Reward |
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205 | (2) |
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Lessons-Learned Capture and Replication |
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207 | (4) |
Part II Six Sigma Tools and Techniques |
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Chapter 5 Project Management Using DMAIC and DMADV |
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211 | (32) |
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DMAIC and DMADV Deployment Models |
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211 | (21) |
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216 | (12) |
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228 | (2) |
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230 | (1) |
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231 | (1) |
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232 | (11) |
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233 | (1) |
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Team Dynamics Management, Including Conflict Resolution |
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233 | (1) |
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Stages in Group Development |
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234 | (2) |
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Member Roles and Responsibilities |
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236 | (2) |
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238 | (1) |
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238 | (5) |
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Chapter 6 The Define Phase |
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243 | (26) |
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243 | (3) |
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246 | (2) |
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Work Breakdown Structures |
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246 | (1) |
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247 | (1) |
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248 | (17) |
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Critical to Quality Metrics |
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250 | (7) |
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Critical to Schedule Metrics |
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257 | (2) |
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259 | (6) |
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Top-Level Process Definition |
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265 | (2) |
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266 | (1) |
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267 | (2) |
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Chapter 7 The Measure Phase |
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269 | (22) |
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269 | (6) |
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270 | (1) |
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271 | (4) |
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275 | (3) |
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276 | (2) |
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Discrete and Continuous Data |
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278 | (1) |
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Process Baseline Estimates |
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278 | (13) |
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Enumerative and Analytic Studies |
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280 | (3) |
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Principles of Statistical Process Control |
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283 | (6) |
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Estimating Process Baselines Using Process Capability Analysis |
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289 | (2) |
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Chapter 8 Process Behavior Charts |
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291 | (100) |
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291 | (19) |
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291 | (2) |
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Frequency and Cumulative Distributions |
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293 | (1) |
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294 | (1) |
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295 | (2) |
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297 | (1) |
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Hypergeometric Distribution |
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298 | (1) |
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299 | (7) |
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306 | (1) |
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307 | (2) |
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309 | (1) |
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Control Charts for Variables Data |
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310 | (13) |
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Averages and Ranges Control Charts |
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310 | (4) |
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Averages and Standard Deviation (Sigma) Control Charts |
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314 | (3) |
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Control Charts for Individual Measurements (X Charts) |
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317 | (6) |
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Control Charts for Attributes Data |
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323 | (13) |
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Control Charts for Proportion (p Charts) |
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323 | (4) |
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Control Charts for Count of Items (np Charts) |
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327 | (2) |
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Control Charts for Average Occurrences-Per-Unit (u Charts) |
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329 | (3) |
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Control Charts for Counts of Occurrences-Per-Unit (c Charts) |
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332 | (4) |
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336 | (5) |
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Rational Subgroup Sampling |
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336 | (5) |
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Control Chart Interpretation |
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341 | (7) |
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347 | (1) |
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Short-Run Statistical Process Control Techniques |
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348 | (21) |
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350 | (11) |
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Attribute SPC for Small and Short Runs |
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361 | (7) |
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368 | (1) |
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SPC Techniques for Automated Manufacturing |
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369 | (11) |
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Problems with Traditional SPC Techniques |
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369 | (1) |
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Special and Common Cause Charts |
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370 | (1) |
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371 | (7) |
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EWMA Control Charts Versus Individuals Charts |
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378 | (2) |
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Process Capability Indices |
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380 | (11) |
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Example of Non-Normal Capability Analysis Using Minitab |
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385 | (6) |
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Chapter 9 Measurement Systems Evaluation |
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391 | (32) |
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391 | (19) |
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Measurement System Discrimination |
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395 | (1) |
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395 | (1) |
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396 | (1) |
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397 | (3) |
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400 | (3) |
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403 | (1) |
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403 | (1) |
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Gage R&R Analysis Using Minitab |
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404 | (3) |
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407 | (2) |
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Linearity Analysis Using Minitab |
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409 | (1) |
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Attribute Measurement Error Analysis |
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410 | (13) |
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412 | (1) |
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How to Conduct Attribute Inspection Studies |
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413 | (4) |
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Minitab Attribute Gage R&R Example |
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417 | (6) |
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423 | (94) |
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423 | (11) |
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427 | (6) |
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433 | (1) |
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Analyzing the Sources of Variation |
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434 | (26) |
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Cause and Effect Diagrams |
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435 | (2) |
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437 | (2) |
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439 | (1) |
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Chi-Square, Student's t, and f Distributions |
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440 | (4) |
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Point and Interval Estimation |
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444 | (8) |
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452 | (7) |
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Resampling (Bootstrapping) |
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459 | (1) |
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Regression and Correlation Analysis |
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460 | (12) |
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463 | (3) |
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466 | (4) |
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470 | (2) |
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472 | (27) |
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The Traditional Approach Versus Statistically Designed Experiments |
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472 | (1) |
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472 | (2) |
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474 | (1) |
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475 | (2) |
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477 | (2) |
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Two-Way ANOVA with No Replicates |
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479 | (1) |
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Two-Way ANOVA with Replicates |
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480 | (2) |
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Full and Fractional Factorial |
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482 | (9) |
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491 | (1) |
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Testing Common Assumptions |
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492 | (7) |
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Analysis of Categorical Data |
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499 | (14) |
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Making Comparisons Using Chi-Square Tests |
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499 | (2) |
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501 | (2) |
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Binary Logistic Regression |
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503 | (3) |
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Ordinal Logistic Regression |
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506 | (4) |
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Nominal Logistic Regression |
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510 | (3) |
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513 | (4) |
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Chapter 11 The Improve/Design Phase |
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517 | (70) |
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Using Customer Demands to Make Design and Improvement Decisions |
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517 | (1) |
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Pugh Concept Selection Method |
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517 | (1) |
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Lean Techniques for Optimizing Flow |
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518 | (11) |
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Unnecessary Process Steps |
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519 | (1) |
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Excessive Movement of Material or Personnel |
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519 | (1) |
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520 | (1) |
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Process Errors Requiring Rework |
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521 | (1) |
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Excess In-process Inventory |
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521 | (5) |
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Understanding Queues to Balance Processes |
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526 | (3) |
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Using Empirical Model Building to Optimize |
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529 | (19) |
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Phase 0: Getting Your Bearings |
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531 | (1) |
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Phase I: The Screening Experiment |
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532 | (4) |
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Phase II: Steepest Ascent (Descent) |
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536 | (2) |
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Phase III: The Factorial Experiment |
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538 | (2) |
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Phase IV: The Composite Design |
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540 | (4) |
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Phase V: Robust Product and Process Design |
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544 | (4) |
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Data Mining, Artificial Neural Networks, and Virtual Process Mapping |
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548 | (4) |
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Example of Neural Net Models |
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549 | (3) |
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Optimization Using Simulation |
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552 | (20) |
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Predicting CTQ Performance |
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552 | (1) |
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553 | (4) |
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557 | (3) |
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560 | (10) |
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Virtual DOE Using Simulation Software |
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570 | (2) |
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572 | (9) |
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573 | (1) |
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574 | (1) |
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575 | (3) |
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Failure Mode and Effect Analysis |
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578 | (3) |
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Defining New Performance Standards Using Statistical Tolerancing |
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581 | (6) |
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585 | (1) |
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585 | (2) |
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Chapter 12 Control/Verify Phase |
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587 | (30) |
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Validating the New Process or Product Design |
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587 | (1) |
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Business Process Control Planning |
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588 | (11) |
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588 | (2) |
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Tools and Techniques Useful for Control Planning |
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590 | (1) |
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Preparing the Process Control Plan |
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591 | (2) |
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Process Control Planning for Short and Small Runs |
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593 | (3) |
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596 | (1) |
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Selecting Process Control Elements |
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596 | (3) |
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Other Elements of the Process Control Plan |
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599 | (1) |
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Multivariate Control Charts |
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599 | (9) |
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Principal Component Analysis |
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608 | (9) |
Appendix 1 Glossary of Basic Statistical Terms |
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617 | (6) |
Appendix 2 Area Under the Standard Normal Curve |
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623 | (4) |
Appendix 3 Critical Values of the t-Distribution |
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627 | (2) |
Appendix 4 Chi-Square Distribution |
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629 | (2) |
Appendix 5 F Distribution (α = 1%) |
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631 | (2) |
Appendix 6 F Distribution (α = 5%) |
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633 | (2) |
Appendix 7 Poisson Probability Sums |
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635 | (4) |
Appendix 8 Tolerance Interval Factors |
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639 | (4) |
Appendix 9 Control Chart Constants |
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643 | (2) |
Appendix 10 Control Chart Equations |
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645 | (2) |
Appendix 11 Table of d2* Values |
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647 | (2) |
Appendix 12 Factors for Short Run Control Charts for Individuals, X, and R Charts |
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649 | (2) |
Appendix 13 Sample Customer Survey |
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651 | (2) |
Appendix 14 Process a Levels and Equivalent PPM Quality Levels |
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653 | (2) |
Appendix 15 Black Belt Effectiveness Certification |
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655 | (12) |
Appendix 16 Green Belt Effectiveness Certification |
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667 | (12) |
Appendix 17 AHP Using Microsoft Excel |
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679 | (4) |
Notes |
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683 | (2) |
References |
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685 | (8) |
Index |
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