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xi | |
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xiii | |
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xv | |
Acknowledgments |
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xvi | |
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1 | (3) |
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The role of language in survey translation |
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1 | (1) |
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Goals and organization of this book |
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2 | (1) |
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2 | (1) |
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A note about the source and target language examples |
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3 | (1) |
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2 Sociolinguistics and survey translation |
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4 | (18) |
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What does sociolinguistics study? |
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5 | (1) |
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Some basic sociolinguistic principles relevant to survey translation |
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6 | (3) |
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Applications of sociolinguistics to various professions |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (8) |
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Debate about direct translation versus adaptation in survey translation |
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11 | (2) |
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Research on survey translation methods |
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13 | (2) |
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What sociolinguistics can offer for survey translation |
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15 | (3) |
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18 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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19 | (3) |
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3 Questionnaire translation |
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22 | (35) |
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Questionnaire as the guide for "conversation with a purpose" |
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22 | (2) |
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Three components to ensure functional equivalence in questionnaire translation |
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24 | (1) |
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Translatability of linguistic rules, social practices, and cultural norms |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (14) |
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Proposition of a question: definition and function |
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26 | (4) |
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30 | (10) |
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40 | (6) |
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40 | (4) |
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44 | (2) |
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46 | (4) |
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How to express a concept in a different culture |
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46 | (1) |
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Politeness practice across cultures |
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47 | (1) |
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48 | (2) |
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Conveying coherence in the question-answer sequence |
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50 | (3) |
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53 | (1) |
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54 | (1) |
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55 | (2) |
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4 Translation beyond words |
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57 | (33) |
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Writing practice and survey translation |
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58 | (3) |
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Writing practice and form navigation issues |
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61 | (10) |
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Navigating the write-in box affected by linguistic rules |
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62 | (3) |
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Navigating text orientation affected by cultural norms or social practices |
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65 | (6) |
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71 | (5) |
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Function of symbols in surveys |
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71 | (1) |
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Translating symbols and signs commonly used in surveys |
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72 | (4) |
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Language choice in survey translation |
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76 | (4) |
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77 | (1) |
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Language, identity, and ideology |
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78 | (2) |
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Translation for computerized surveys |
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80 | (6) |
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Print versus computerized surveys |
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80 | (1) |
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Translating functionalities unique to computerized surveys |
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81 | (5) |
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86 | (1) |
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87 | (1) |
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88 | (2) |
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5 Translation of data-collection materials and research protocol guides |
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90 | (26) |
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Three levels of a successful translation |
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90 | (3) |
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What is the letter about? |
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93 | (9) |
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Cross-cultural differences in letter-writing style |
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93 | (1) |
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94 | (2) |
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Impact on comprehension and perception |
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96 | (2) |
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What action does the respondent need to take? |
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98 | (4) |
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Discourse approach to translating survey materials |
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102 | (7) |
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103 | (2) |
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Illustration of the process |
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105 | (4) |
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Translation of research protocol guides |
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109 | (4) |
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Objectives of research protocol guides and pitfalls in translating them |
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109 | (2) |
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Translation of cognitive interview and focus group probing questions |
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111 | (2) |
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113 | (1) |
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114 | (1) |
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114 | (2) |
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6 Evaluating survey translation using the sociolinguistic framework |
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116 | (28) |
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Survey translation evaluation methods |
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116 | (4) |
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118 | (1) |
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118 | (2) |
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How to conduct translation evaluations |
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120 | (13) |
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Conducting expert evaluation |
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120 | (4) |
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Conducting user evaluation |
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124 | (8) |
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Recruiting respondents for user evaluation |
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132 | (1) |
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How to analyze and report evaluation results |
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133 | (5) |
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Analyzing and reporting expert evaluation results |
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134 | (1) |
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Analyzing and reporting user evaluation results |
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135 | (3) |
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138 | (1) |
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138 | (1) |
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139 | (5) |
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7 Implementing the sociolinguistic framework in survey translation |
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144 | (11) |
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Starting point: benefit of integrating disciplines |
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144 | (2) |
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Sociolinguistic paradigm in practice |
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146 | (3) |
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147 | (1) |
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147 | (1) |
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148 | (1) |
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Unsupported translation practice |
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148 | (1) |
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149 | (6) |
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Selecting and training translators and evaluators |
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150 | (1) |
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151 | (1) |
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152 | (1) |
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152 | (3) |
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Appendix 1 Types of probe questions |
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155 | (1) |
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Appendix 2 Expert evaluation instructions and template for review comments |
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156 | (2) |
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Appendix 3 Example interactive practice session prior to the cognitive interview |
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158 | (3) |
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Appendix 4 User evaluation analysis coding scheme and examples |
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161 | (2) |
Index |
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163 | |