Preface |
|
iii | |
|
1 The Selective Environment of the Soil |
|
|
1 | (35) |
|
1.1 The Ghilarov-Kennedy-Gisin-Bouche hypothesis |
|
|
2 | (4) |
|
1.2 Heterogeneity of soil temperature in space and time |
|
|
6 | (5) |
|
1.3 Soil pore water and acidity |
|
|
11 | (6) |
|
1.4 Bulk density, pores and burrows |
|
|
17 | (4) |
|
|
21 | (4) |
|
|
25 | (5) |
|
1.7 Microbial communities |
|
|
30 | (6) |
|
2 Evolution of Terrestrialized Invertebrate Lineages |
|
|
36 | (52) |
|
2.1 Animals of the pore water: nematodes and tardigrades |
|
|
38 | (5) |
|
2.2 Groundwater fauna: so many crustaceans |
|
|
43 | (4) |
|
2.3 From crustaceans to insects: Collembola and other apterygotes |
|
|
47 | (5) |
|
2.4 Soil and surface-active insects |
|
|
52 | (5) |
|
2.5 Terrestrializations among isopods, amphipods and decapods |
|
|
57 | (5) |
|
2.6 Soil invertebrates with many legs |
|
|
62 | (5) |
|
2.7 Spiders, mites and the like |
|
|
67 | (8) |
|
2.8 Flatworms, earthworms and potworms |
|
|
75 | (6) |
|
2.9 Snails and slugs, finally |
|
|
81 | (3) |
|
2.10 Terrestrialization scenarios |
|
|
84 | (4) |
|
3 Populations in Space and Time |
|
|
88 | (51) |
|
3.1 Population density and population size |
|
|
89 | (5) |
|
3.2 Production and turnover |
|
|
94 | (4) |
|
3.3 The importance of biogeographic history |
|
|
98 | (5) |
|
3.4 Limiting and density-regulating factors |
|
|
103 | (4) |
|
3.5 Iteroparity and indeterminate growth |
|
|
107 | (4) |
|
3.6 Life-histories in the soil profile |
|
|
111 | (7) |
|
|
118 | (6) |
|
3.8 Spatial distribution and aggregation |
|
|
124 | (4) |
|
3.9 Movement and dispersal |
|
|
128 | (4) |
|
3.10 Genetic population structure and isolation by distance |
|
|
132 | (7) |
|
4 Reproduction and Development |
|
|
139 | (40) |
|
|
140 | (3) |
|
|
143 | (5) |
|
4.3 Parthenogenetic worms |
|
|
148 | (3) |
|
4.4 Parthenogenesis in Collembola |
|
|
151 | (2) |
|
4.5 Parthenogenesis in oribatid mites |
|
|
153 | (3) |
|
4.6 Reproductive manipulators |
|
|
156 | (6) |
|
|
162 | (6) |
|
4.8 The great switch to direct development |
|
|
168 | (3) |
|
4.9 Endless forms of limbs, most beautiful |
|
|
171 | (4) |
|
4.10 The mantle cavity of snails |
|
|
175 | (4) |
|
5 Mate Choice, Brood Care and Predatory Behaviour |
|
|
179 | (44) |
|
5.1 Indirect sperm transfer |
|
|
181 | (2) |
|
5.2 Mating dances of pseudoscorpions |
|
|
183 | (2) |
|
5.3 Mate choice in spiders and mites |
|
|
185 | (5) |
|
5.4 Selective spermatophore handling in springtails |
|
|
190 | (4) |
|
5.5 Courtship in bristletails, silverfish and crickets |
|
|
194 | (4) |
|
5.6 Sexual selection in dung beetles |
|
|
198 | (4) |
|
5.7 Mating behaviour of hermaphroditic earthworms |
|
|
202 | (3) |
|
5.8 Bizarre reproductive behaviours in land snails |
|
|
205 | (5) |
|
5.9 Brood care and the origin of social behaviour |
|
|
210 | (7) |
|
|
217 | (6) |
|
6 Physiological Adaptation and Microbial Interactions |
|
|
223 | (72) |
|
6.1 Patterns of metabolic rate |
|
|
225 | (5) |
|
6.2 Temperature responses |
|
|
230 | (5) |
|
|
235 | (7) |
|
6.4 Drought resistance and anhydrobiosis |
|
|
242 | (8) |
|
|
250 | (5) |
|
|
255 | (2) |
|
|
257 | (6) |
|
6.8 Adaptation to heavy metals |
|
|
263 | (8) |
|
6.9 Parasites, pathogens and symbionts |
|
|
271 | (9) |
|
6.10 The soil invertebrate gut microbiome |
|
|
280 | (8) |
|
6.11 Horizontal gene transfer |
|
|
288 | (7) |
|
7 A Kaleidoscope of Adaptations |
|
|
295 | (7) |
|
|
302 | (15) |
|
8.1 Summary data and literature references for annual mean densities |
|
|
302 | (6) |
|
8.2 Summary of demographic theory showing how production is calculated from population structure |
|
|
308 | (2) |
|
8.3 Data and literature references on P/B ratios |
|
|
310 | (4) |
|
8.4 Normalizing measured metabolic rates to reference body weight and temperature |
|
|
314 | (2) |
|
8.5 References for host-parasite associations |
|
|
316 | (1) |
References |
|
317 | (56) |
Index |
|
373 | |