| Preface |
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ix | |
| Acknowledgments |
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x | |
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Chapter 1 Introduction to sports related concussion |
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1 | (14) |
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1 | (1) |
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1 | (2) |
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Concussion or mild traumatic brain injury? |
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1 | (1) |
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Historical classification |
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1 | (1) |
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Current definition of concussion |
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2 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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Sport specific concussion details |
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4 | (2) |
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4 | (1) |
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5 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (9) |
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Chapter 2 Biomechanics and pathophysiology of concussion |
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15 | (28) |
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15 | (1) |
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Biomechanics of concussion |
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15 | (6) |
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Direct and indirect impacts |
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15 | (1) |
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Linear and rotational acceleration |
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16 | (2) |
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18 | (1) |
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19 | (2) |
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Molecular pathophysiology of concussion |
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21 | (6) |
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Shortcomings of preclinical and clinical models |
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21 | (2) |
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Primary and secondary injury |
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23 | (1) |
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Neurometabolic cascade of concussion |
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23 | (2) |
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25 | (1) |
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25 | (2) |
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27 | (1) |
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Blood--brain barrier breakdown |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (16) |
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Chapter 3 Acute assessment, diagnosis, and management of the concussed athlete |
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43 | (36) |
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43 | (1) |
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43 | (2) |
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Onfield evaluation and diagnosis |
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45 | (13) |
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45 | (1) |
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46 | (12) |
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Acute management of the concussed player |
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58 | (2) |
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Concussion in the emergency department |
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60 | (3) |
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The emergency department evaluation |
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60 | (1) |
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Concussion neuroimaging in the emergency department |
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60 | (1) |
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Disposition from the emergency department |
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61 | (2) |
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63 | (1) |
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64 | (15) |
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Chapter 4 Severe head injuries |
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79 | (20) |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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Hemorrhagic contusion/traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage |
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80 | (1) |
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Traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage |
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81 | (1) |
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82 | (1) |
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83 | (1) |
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Management of focal mass lesions |
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84 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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87 | (3) |
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87 | (1) |
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87 | (1) |
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88 | (1) |
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88 | (2) |
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90 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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91 | (1) |
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91 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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92 | (7) |
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Chapter 5 Postconcussive syndrome |
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99 | (32) |
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99 | (1) |
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99 | (2) |
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101 | (1) |
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Predictors of prolonged symptoms/PCS |
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101 | (3) |
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102 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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104 | (2) |
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Focused management of PCS clinical symptoms |
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106 | (8) |
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107 | (3) |
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Fatigue/sleep-related symptoms |
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110 | (2) |
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Psychiatric/affective symptoms |
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112 | (1) |
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113 | (1) |
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Prolonged postconcussive disorder |
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114 | (1) |
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115 | (1) |
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115 | (16) |
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Chapter 6 Outpatient care of the concussed athlete: Gauging recovery to tailor rehabilitative needs |
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131 | (30) |
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131 | (1) |
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Neuropsychological testing |
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132 | (5) |
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Types of neuropsychological testing |
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133 | (1) |
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Value of neuropsychological testing |
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134 | (1) |
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Limitations with the use of neuropsychological testing |
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135 | (1) |
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Recommendations for neuropsychological testing administration |
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135 | (1) |
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Neuropsychological testing as a predictor of poor outcome |
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135 | (1) |
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Particulars of neuropsychological testing |
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136 | (1) |
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Adjunctive measures of concussion recovery |
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137 | (5) |
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Vestibular system and concussion |
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138 | (1) |
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Vestibular/balance testing |
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138 | (4) |
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Electrophysiological testing |
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142 | (1) |
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Rehabilitation of the concussed athlete |
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142 | (1) |
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142 | (2) |
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144 | (1) |
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144 | (17) |
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Chapter 7 Return to activity following concussion |
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161 | (20) |
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161 | (2) |
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163 | (4) |
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Preclinical and clinical research |
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163 | (1) |
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Return to learn guidelines |
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164 | (1) |
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When to consider referral to a concussion specialist |
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164 | (3) |
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Return-to-work guidelines |
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167 | (1) |
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Return-to-drive guidelines |
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167 | (1) |
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168 | (3) |
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Preclinical and clinical research |
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168 | (1) |
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Return-to-play guidelines |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (1) |
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171 | (1) |
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171 | (1) |
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171 | (1) |
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171 | (1) |
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172 | (9) |
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Chapter 8 Neuroimaging in concussion |
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181 | (14) |
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181 | (1) |
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Clinical imaging modalities |
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181 | (3) |
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181 | (1) |
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181 | (1) |
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182 | (1) |
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182 | (1) |
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Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) |
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183 | (1) |
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Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) |
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183 | (1) |
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Experimental imaging modalities |
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184 | (5) |
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184 | (2) |
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186 | (1) |
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MR perfusion weighted imaging (PWI) |
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187 | (1) |
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Positron emission tomography (PET) |
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187 | (1) |
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Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) |
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188 | (1) |
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Magnetoencephalography (MEG) |
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188 | (1) |
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189 | (1) |
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189 | (6) |
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Chapter 9 The advent of subconcussion and chronic traumatic encephalopathy |
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195 | (30) |
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195 | (1) |
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195 | (3) |
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Preclinical evidence of subconcussion |
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196 | (1) |
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Clinical evidence of subconcussion |
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197 | (1) |
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Chronic traumatic encephalopathy |
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198 | (13) |
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198 | (1) |
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Pathological diagnosis of CTE |
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199 | (2) |
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Co-existing proteinopathies/neurodegerative diseases in CTE |
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201 | (5) |
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Laboratory evidence and proposed molecular mechanism of CTE |
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206 | (1) |
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207 | (2) |
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Clinical diagnosis of CTE |
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209 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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211 | (1) |
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212 | (13) |
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Chapter 10 Promising advances in concussion diagnosis and treatment |
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225 | (30) |
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225 | (1) |
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225 | (7) |
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226 | (3) |
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229 | (1) |
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230 | (1) |
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Biomarkers of inflammation |
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231 | (1) |
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Limitations of biomarkers |
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231 | (1) |
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Future role of biomarkers in concussion |
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232 | (1) |
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Concussion pharmacological agents and treatment remedies |
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232 | (7) |
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232 | (3) |
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235 | (1) |
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235 | (1) |
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Transcranial low level laser therapy |
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236 | (1) |
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Scalp light emitting diodes |
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237 | (1) |
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Transcranial magnetic stimulation |
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238 | (1) |
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239 | (1) |
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239 | (16) |
| Index |
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255 | |