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E-raamat: SQL: A Beginner's Guide, Fourth Edition

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  • Formaat: 544 pages
  • Sari: Beginner's Guide
  • Ilmumisaeg: 06-Nov-2015
  • Kirjastus: McGraw-Hill Inc.,US
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780071842570
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SQL: A Beginner's Guide, Fourth EditionSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 544 pages
  • Sari: Beginner's Guide
  • Ilmumisaeg: 06-Nov-2015
  • Kirjastus: McGraw-Hill Inc.,US
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780071842570
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Essential SQL Skills Made Easy

Fully revised to cover the latest software versions, this easy-to-follow guide will get you started programming in SQL right away. Discover how to create database tables, access and modify data, work with triggers and transactions, build effective queries, and handle management and administrative functions. SQL: A Beginner's Guide, Fourth Edition offers clear instruction on each topic and is loaded with step-by-step examples. This practical book includes coverage of database security, SQL/XML, and new temporal data features.



Designed for Easy Learning:  Key Skills & ConceptsLists of specific skills covered in the chapter  Ask the ExpertQ&A sections filled with bonus information and helpful tips

 Try ThisHands-on exercises that show how to apply your skills  NotesExtra information related to the topic being covered  TipsHelpful reminders or alternate ways of doing things  CautionsErrors and pitfalls to avoid  Self-TestsChapter-ending quizzes to test your knowledge  Annotated SyntaxExample code with commentary that describes the programming techniques being illustrated
Acknowledgments xvii
Introduction xix
Part I Relational Databases and SQL
1 Introduction to Relational Databases and SQL
3(26)
Understand Relational Databases
4(10)
The Relational Model
5(9)
Try This 1-1: Normalizing Data and Identifying Relationships
14(1)
Learn About SQL
15(9)
The SQL Evolution
16(3)
Types of SQL Statements
19(1)
Types of Execution
20(1)
SQL Standard versus Product Implementations
21(3)
Try This 1-2: Connecting to a Database
24(3)
Self Test
27(2)
2 Working with the SQL Environment
29(20)
Understand the SQL Environment
30(1)
Understand SQL Catalogs
31(9)
Schemas
34(1)
Schema Objects
35(2)
Then What Is a Database?
37(3)
Name Objects in an SQL Environment
40(2)
Qualified Names
41(1)
Create a Schema
42(2)
Create a Database
44(1)
Try This 2-1: Creating a Database and a Schema
45(1)
Self Test
46(3)
3 Creating and Altering Tables
49(28)
Create SQL Tables
50(5)
Specify Column Data Types
55(9)
String Data Types
56(1)
Numeric Data Types
56(2)
Datetime Data Types
58(2)
Interval Data Type
60(2)
Boolean Data Type
62(1)
Using SQL Data Types
62(2)
Create User-Defined Types
64(1)
Specify Column Default Values
65(1)
Specify Identity Column and Generation Options
66(3)
Maintaining Independent Sequence Generators
68(1)
Try This 3-1: Creating SQL Tables
69(1)
Alter SQL Tables
70(2)
Drop SQL Tables
72(1)
Truncate SQL Tables
72(2)
Try This 3-2: Altering and Deleting SQL Tables
74(1)
Self Test
75(2)
4 Enforcing Data Integrity
77(30)
Understand Integrity Constraints
78(2)
Use NOT NULL Constraints
80(1)
Add UNIQUE Constraints
81(3)
Add PRIMARY KEY Constraints
84(2)
Add FOREIGN KEY Constraints
86(10)
The MATCH Clause
92(2)
The <referential triggered action> Clause
94(2)
Try This 4-1: Adding NOT NULL, Unique, and Referential Constraints
96(3)
Define CHECK Constraints
99(5)
Defining Assertions
102(1)
Creating Domains and Domain Constraints
103(1)
Try This 4-2: Adding a CHECK Constraint
104(1)
Self Test
105(2)
5 Creating SQL Views
107(20)
Add Views to the Database
108(11)
Defining SQL Views
114(5)
Create Updateable Views
119(3)
Using the WITH CHECK OPTION Clause
121(1)
Drop Views from the Database
122(2)
Try This 5-1: Adding Views to Your Database
124(1)
Self Test
125(2)
6 Managing Database Security
127(22)
Understand the SQL Security Model
128(7)
SQL Sessions
130(2)
Accessing Database Objects
132(3)
Create and Delete Roles
135(1)
Grant and Revoke Privileges
136(6)
Revoking Privileges
139(3)
Grant and Revoke Roles
142(1)
Revoking Roles
143(1)
Try This 6-1: Managing Roles and Privileges
143(2)
Self Test
145(4)
Part II Data Access and Modification
7 Querying SQL Data
149(34)
Use a SELECT Statement to Retrieve Data
150(6)
The SELECT Clause and FROM Clause
151(5)
Use the WHERE Clause to Define Search Conditions
156(15)
Defining the WHERE Clause
160(3)
Use the GROUP BY Clause to Group Query Results
163(8)
Use the HAVING Clause to Specify Group Search Conditions
171(2)
Use the ORDER BY Clause to Sort Query Results
173(3)
Try This 7-1: Querying the Inventory Database
176(3)
Self Test
179(4)
8 Modifying SQL Data
183(24)
Insert SQL Data
184(7)
Inserting Values from a SELECT Statement
189(2)
Update SQL Data
191(5)
Updating Values from a SELECT Statement
194(2)
Delete SQL Data
196(1)
Merge SQL Data
197(4)
Try This 8-1: Modifying SQL Data
201(3)
Self Test
204(3)
9 Using Predicates
207(32)
Compare SQL Data
208(7)
Using the BETWEEN Predicate
213(2)
Return Null Values
215(3)
Return Similar Values
218(4)
Try This 9-1: Using Predicates in SQL Statements
222(2)
Reference Additional Sources of Data
224(7)
Using the IN Predicate
225(3)
Using the EXISTS Predicate
228(3)
Quantify Comparison Predicates
231(4)
Using the SOME and ANY Predicates
231(3)
Using the ALL Predicate
234(1)
Try This 9-2: Using Subqueries in Predicates
235(2)
Self Test
237(2)
10 Working with Functions and Value Expressions
239(30)
Use Set Functions
240(7)
Using the COUNT Function
241(2)
Using the MAX and MIN Functions
243(2)
Using the SUM Function
245(1)
Using the AVG Function
246(1)
Use Value Functions
247(6)
Working with String Value Functions
248(3)
Working with Datetime Value Functions
251(2)
Use Value Expressions
253(8)
Working with Numeric Value Expressions
254(3)
Using the CASE Value Expression
257(3)
Using the CAST Value Expression
260(1)
Use Special Values
261(2)
Try This 10-1: Using Functions and Value Expressions
263(3)
Self Test
266(3)
11 Accessing Multiple Tables
269(24)
Perform Basic Join Operations
270(8)
Using Correlation Names
274(1)
Creating Joins with More than Two Tables
275(1)
Creating the Cross Join
275(1)
Creating the Self-Join
276(2)
Join Tables with Shared Column Names
278(2)
Creating the Natural Join
278(1)
Creating the Named Column Join
279(1)
Use the Condition Join
280(5)
Creating the Inner Join
280(2)
Creating the Outer Join
282(3)
Perform Union Operations
285(3)
Try This 11-1: Querying Multiple Tables
288(2)
Self Test
290(3)
12 Using Subqueries to Access and Modify Data
293(22)
Create Subqueries That Return Multiple Rows
294(6)
Using the IN Predicate
295(2)
Using the EXISTS Predicate
297(1)
Using Quantified Comparison Predicates
298(2)
Create Subqueries That Return One Value
300(1)
Work with Correlated Subqueries
301(1)
Use Nested Subqueries
302(2)
Use Subqueries to Modify Data
304(3)
Using Subqueries to Insert Data
305(1)
Using Subqueries to Update Data
306(1)
Try This 12-1: Working with Subqueries
307(5)
Using Subqueries to Delete Data
307(5)
Self Test
312(3)
13 Working with Temporal Data
315(36)
Create and Use System-Versioned Tables
317(8)
Changing Data in a System-Versioned Table
320(2)
Querying a System-Versioned Table
322(3)
Create and Use Application-Time Period Tables
325(9)
Inserting Data into an Application-Time Period Table
328(1)
Updating Data in an Application-Time Period Table
329(1)
Deleting Data from an Application-Time Period Table
330(4)
Try This 13-1: Working with Application-Time Period Tables
334(3)
Create and Use System-Versioned Application-Time Period Tables
337(10)
Inserting Data into a System-Versioned Application-Time Period Table
339(1)
Updating Data in a System-Versioned Application-Time Period Table
340(3)
Deleting Data from a System-Versioned Application-Time Period Table
343(4)
Self Test
347(4)
Part III Advanced Data Access
14 Creating SQL-Invoked Routines
351(32)
Understand SQL-Invoked Routines
352(4)
SQL-Invoked Procedures and Functions
353(1)
Working with the Basic Syntax
354(2)
Create SQL-Invoked Procedures
356(3)
Invoking SQL-Invoked Procedures
358(1)
Add Input Parameters to Your Procedures
359(4)
Using Procedures to Modify Data
362(1)
Add Local Variables to Your Procedures
363(3)
Work with Control Statements
366(6)
Create Compound Statements
366(1)
Create Conditional Statements
367(2)
Create Looping Statements
369(3)
Try This 14-1: Creating SQL-Invoked Procedures
372(2)
Add Output Parameters to Your Procedures
374(1)
Create SQL-Invoked Functions
375(2)
Try This 14-2: Creating SQL-Invoked Functions
377(2)
Self Test
379(4)
15 Creating SQL Triggers
383(26)
Understand SQL Triggers
384(3)
Trigger Execution Context
386(1)
Create SQL Triggers
387(3)
Referencing Old and New Values
389(1)
Dropping SQL Triggers
390(1)
Create Insert Triggers
390(3)
Create Update Triggers
393(5)
Create Delete Triggers
398(1)
Create Instead Of Triggers
399(4)
Try This 15-1: Creating SQL Triggers
403(3)
Self Test
406(3)
16 Using SQL Cursors
409(28)
Understand SQL Cursors
410(4)
Declaring and Opening SQL Cursors
411(3)
Declare a Cursor
414(7)
Working with Optional Syntax Elements
415(3)
Creating a Cursor Declaration
418(3)
Open and Close a Cursor
421(1)
Retrieve Data from a Cursor
422(5)
Use Positioned UPDATE and DELETE Statements
427(3)
Using the Positioned UPDATE Statement
427(2)
Using the Positioned DELETE Statement
429(1)
Try This 16-1: Working with SQL Cursors
430(3)
Self Test
433(4)
17 Managing SQL Transactions
437(28)
Understand SQL Transactions
438(3)
Set Transaction Properties
441(8)
Specifying an Isolation Level
443(4)
Specifying a Diagnostics Size
447(1)
Creating a SET TRANSACTION Statement
448(1)
Start a Transaction
449(2)
Set Constraint Deferability
451(2)
Create Savepoints in a Transaction
453(2)
Releasing a Savepoint
455(1)
Terminate a Transaction
455(4)
Committing a Transaction
456(1)
Rolling Back a Transaction
457(2)
Try This 17-1: Working with Transactions
459(2)
Self Test
461(4)
18 Accessing SQL Data from Your Host Program
465(30)
Invoke SQL Directly
466(2)
Embed SQL Statements in Your Program
468(9)
Creating an Embedded SQL Statement
469(2)
Using Host Variables in Your SQL Statements
471(2)
Retrieving SQL Data
473(2)
Error Handling
475(2)
Try This 18-1: Embedding SQL Statements
477(3)
Create SQL Client Modules
480(2)
Defining SQL Client Modules
481(1)
Use an SQL Call-Level Interface
482(8)
Allocating Handles
484(2)
Executing SQL Statements
486(1)
Working with Host Variables
487(2)
Retrieving SQL Data
489(1)
Try This 18-2: Using the SQL Call-Level Interface
490(2)
Self Test
492(3)
19 Working with XML Data
495(16)
Learn the Basics of XML
496(3)
Learn About SQL/XML
499(7)
The XML Data Type
499(2)
SQL/XML Functions
501(1)
SQL/XML Mapping Rule
502(4)
Try This 19-1: Using SQL/XML Functions
506(1)
Self Test
507(4)
Part IV Appendices
A SQL Keywords
511(8)
SQL Reserved Keywords
512(3)
SQL Nonreserved Keywords
515
B Answers to Self Tests Online
C SQL Code Used in Try This Exercises Online
Index 519
Andrew J. (Andy) Oppel is a proud graduate of The Boys Latin School of Maryland and of Transylvania University (Lexington, KY) where he earned a BA in computer science in 1974. Since then he has been continuously employed in a wide variety of information technology positions, including programmer, programmer/analyst, systems architect, project manager, senior database administrator, database group manager, consultant, database designer, and data architect. In addition, he has been a part-time instructor with the University of California (Berkeley) Extension for over 20 years, and received the Honored Instructor Award for the year 2000. His teaching work included developing three courses for UC Extension, Concepts of Database Management Systems, Introduction to Relational Database Management Systems, and "Data Modeling and Database Design." He also earned his Oracle 9i Database Associate certification in 2003. He is currently employed as a senior data modeler for Blue Shield of California. Aside from computer systems, Andy enjoys music (guitar and vocals), amateur radio (Pacific Division Vice Director, American Radio Relay League) and soccer (Referee Instructor, U.S. Soccer). Andy has designed and implemented hundreds of databases for a wide range of applications, including medical research, banking, insurance, apparel manufacturing, telecommunications, wireless communications, and human resources. He is the author of Databases Demystified (McGraw-Hill/Osborne, 2004) and SQL Demystified (McGraw-Hill/Osborne, 2005). His database product experience includes IMS, DB2, Sybase, Microsoft SQL Server, Microsoft Access, MySQL, and Oracle (versions 7, 8, 8i, 9i, and 10g).
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