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E-raamat: Surface Production Operations: Volume 5: Pressure Vessels, Heat Exchangers, and Aboveground Storage Tanks: Design, Construction, Inspection, and Testing

(President, Stewart Training Company, USA)
  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 22-Jul-2021
  • Kirjastus: Gulf Professional Publishing
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780128037447
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Surface Production Operations: Volume 5: Pressure Vessels, Heat Exchangers, and Aboveground Storage Tanks: Design, Construction, Inspection, and TestingSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 22-Jul-2021
  • Kirjastus: Gulf Professional Publishing
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780128037447
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Covering both upstream and downstream oil and gas facilities, Surface Production Operations: Volume 5: Pressure Vessels, Heat Exchangers, and Aboveground Storage Tanks delivers a must-have reference guide to maximize efficiency, increase performance, prevent failures, and reduce costs. Every engineer and equipment manager in oil and gas must have complete knowledge of the systems and equipment involved for each project and facility, especially the checklist to keep up with maintenance and inspection--a topic just as critical as design and performance. Taking the guesswork out of searching through a variety of generalized standards and codes, Surface Production Operations: Volume 5: Pressure Vessels, Heat Exchangers, and Aboveground Storage Tanks furnishes all the critical regulatory information needed for oil and gas specific projects, saving time and money on maintaining the lifecycle of mechanical integrity of the oil and gas facility. Including troubleshooting techniques, calculations with examples, and several significant illustrations, this critical volume within the Surface Production Operations series is crucial on every oil and gas engineer’s bookshelf to solve day-to-day problems with common sense solutions.

  • Provides practical checklists and case studies for selection, installation, and maintenance on pressure vessels, heat transfer equipment, and storage tanks for all types of oil and gas facilities
  • Explains restoration techniques with detailed inspection and testing procedures, ensuring the equipment is revitalized to maximum life extension
  • Supplies comprehensive coverage on oil and gas specific American and European standards, codes and recommended practices, saving the engineer time searching for various publications
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv
1 Engineering principles 1(18)
1.1 General overview
1(1)
1.2 Basic principles
1(1)
1.3 Stress analysis
2(12)
1.4 Discontinuity stresses
14(1)
1.5 Fatigue analysis
15(1)
1.6 Thermal stresses
16(1)
References
16(3)
2 History and organization of codes 19(42)
2.1 Overview and objectives
19(1)
2.2 Pressure vessels and equipment
19(4)
2.3 History of pressure vessel codes in the United States
23(3)
2.4 Organization of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
26(9)
2.5 Organization of Code Committee
35(1)
2.6 Updating and interpreting the Code
35(2)
2.7 ASME Code stamps
37(2)
2.8 Organization of the ASME B31 Code for pressure piping
39(3)
2.9 Some other pressure vessel codes and standards in the United States
42(1)
2.10 Worldwide pressure vessel codes
43(1)
2.11 ASME Code, Section VIII, Division 1 versus Division 2
44(1)
2.12 Design criteria, ASME Code, Section VIII, Division 1
45(8)
2.13 Design criteria, ASME Code, Section VIII, Division 2
53(4)
2.14 ASME Code, Section IX: Welding
57(1)
2.15 ASME Code, Section I, Power boilers
58(1)
2.16 Additional requirements employed by users in critical service
59(1)
References
60(1)
3 Materials of construction 61(32)
3.1 Overview
61(1)
3.2 Material selection
61(5)
3.3 Nonferrous alloys
66(4)
3.4 Ferrous alloys
70(3)
3.5 Heat treatment of steels
73(3)
3.6 Brittle factors
76(13)
3.7 Hydrogen embrittlement
89(3)
References
92(1)
4 Materials selection for pressure vessels 93(24)
4.1 Overview
93(1)
4.2 Selection of materials for service conditions
93(10)
4.3 Selection of materials to prevent brittle fracture
103(10)
4.4 Guidelines for preventing brittle fracture in existing equipment
113(2)
References
115(2)
5 Mechanical design of pressure vessels 117(80)
5.1 Overview and objectives
117(1)
5.2 General considerations
117(1)
5.3 Owner's, user's, and manufacturer's responsibilities
118(3)
5.4 Determining design conditions
121(23)
5.5 Mechanical design
144(52)
References
196(1)
6 Fabrication, welding, and in-shop inspection 197(88)
6.1 Overview
197(1)
6.2 Plate materials
197(2)
6.3 Forming of shell and head components
199(3)
6.4 Nozzles
202(3)
6.5 Fabrication welds
205(5)
6.6 Welding processes and procedures
210(31)
6.7 In-shop inspection
241(43)
References
284(1)
7 In-service inspection by nondestructive examination (NDE) 285(48)
7.1 Overview
285(1)
7.2 General considerations
285(1)
7.3 Design for inspection
286(1)
7.4 Code and jurisdiction requirements
286(2)
7.5 Forms of deterioration
288(6)
7.6 Analysis of in-service inspection data
294(4)
7.7 Fitness-for-service analysis
298(8)
7.8 Nondestructive examination techniques
306(25)
References
331(2)
8 Repair, alteration, and re-rating 333(28)
8.1 Overview
333(1)
8.2 Code and jurisdiction requirements
333(3)
8.3 Repairs
336(11)
8.4 Alteration
347(2)
8.5 Re-rating
349(11)
References
360(1)
9 Heat transfer theory 361(70)
9.1 Overview
361(2)
9.2 Objectives
363(1)
9.3 What is a heat exchanger?
364(6)
9.4 Fouling
370(2)
9.5 Process specification
372(1)
9.6 Information needed for specifying work
373(1)
9.7 Deliverables from the supplier
374(1)
9.8 Evaluating designs
374(1)
9.9 Economic pressure drop and velocity
375(4)
9.10 Basic heat transfer theory
379(51)
References
430(1)
10 Heat exchanger configurations 431(124)
10.1 Overview
431(1)
10.2 Shell-and-tube exchangers
431(41)
10.3 Double pipe exchangers
472(3)
10.4 Plate-fin exchangers
475(5)
10.5 Plate-and-frame exchangers
480(7)
10.6 Indirect-fired heaters
487(23)
10.7 Direct-fired heaters
510(10)
10.8 Air-cooled exchangers
520(13)
10.9 Cooling towers
533(1)
10.10 Other types of heat exchangers
533(1)
10.11 Heat exchanger selection guidelines
534(18)
References
552(3)
11 Tubular heat exchanger inspection, maintenance, and repair 555(114)
11.1 Overview
555(6)
11.2 Asian, European, and North American Nondestructive Testing Societies and related organizations
561(1)
11.3 Evaluating and inspecting heat exchangers
562(11)
11.4 Tubular exchanger inspections
573(5)
11.5 Most likely locations of corrosion
578(3)
11.6 Shop work
581(4)
11.7 Shop inspection
585(11)
11.8 Nondestruction examination
596(4)
11.9 Minor repairs
600(1)
11.10 Major repairs
600(11)
11.11 Hydrostatic leak testing
611(7)
11.12 Hydrostatic leak testing
618(1)
11.13 Baffles and tube sheets
618(4)
11.14 Heat exchanger bundle removal
622(2)
11.15 Bundle removal procedures
624(1)
11.16 Tube bundle removal
624(5)
11.17 Shell repair
629(5)
11.18 Heat treatment
634(6)
11.19 Double-pipe exchangers
640(6)
11.20 Inspection and repair of exchanger parts
646(8)
11.21 Exchanger alteration
654(6)
11.22 Quality control inspections
660(8)
References
668(1)
12 Heat exchanger materials considerations 669(8)
12.1 Component materials
669(6)
12.2 Minimum pressurizing temperature
675(1)
12.3 Sacrificial anodes
676(1)
12.4 Insulation
676(1)
References
676(1)
13 Above ground storage tanks 677(100)
13.1 Objectives
677(1)
13.2 Functions of an oil terminal
677(10)
13.3 Storage tanks
687(30)
13.4 Other storage facilities
717(50)
13.5 Measurements of above ground storage tanks
767(5)
13.6 Samples
772(3)
13.7 Common tank problems and possible solutions
775(1)
References
775(2)
14 Selection of tank materials 777(18)
14.1 Overview
777(1)
14.2 Selection of materials for service conditions
777(13)
14.3 Typical tank materials considerations
790(2)
References
792(3)
15 Tank design 795(50)
15.1 Objectives
795(1)
15.2 General design considerations
795(2)
15.3 Basic data
797(4)
15.4 Tank sizing
801(7)
15.5 Safe oil height (SOH) and LPO determination
808(1)
15.6 Bottom design
809(5)
15.7 Shell design
814(10)
15.8 Seismic and wind design
824(11)
15.9 Roof design
835(8)
References
843(2)
16 Foundations 845(32)
16.1 Objectives
845(1)
16.2 Soil considerations
845(20)
16.3 Foundation design and secondary containment
865(10)
References
875(2)
17 Fabrication and construction 877(50)
17.1 General considerations
877(1)
17.2 Foundation
878(10)
17.3 Site construction
888(1)
17.4 Erection considerations
889(1)
17.5 Bottom construction
889(7)
17.6 Shell construction
896(7)
17.7 Roof considerations
903(14)
17.8 Site construction
917(1)
17.9 Erection sequence
918(7)
17.10 General considerations
925(1)
References
926(1)
18 Inspection and testing 927(38)
18.1 Inspection philosophy
927(1)
18.2 Inspection frequency
927(1)
18.3 Inspection and testing techniques
928(4)
18.4 Records
932(2)
18.5 Tank inspection checklists
934(28)
References
962(3)
19 Fire protection 965(18)
19.1 General considerations
965(1)
19.2 Common causes of fires
965(2)
19.3 Design considerations for fire fighting
967(4)
19.4 Location and spacing
971(5)
19.5 Drainage and impounding
976(1)
19.6 Fire suppression systems
977(1)
19.7 Design requirements
978(2)
References
980(3)
20 Maintenance and repairs 983(26)
20.1 General considerations
983(7)
20.2 Out-of-service replacement or repairs
990(13)
20.3 In-service repairs
1003(1)
20.4 Specific considerations
1004(3)
References
1007(2)
Appendix A. Design calculations for an aboveground welded steel storage tank 1009(20)
Appendix B. Design of a concrete ringwall foundation 1029(12)
Appendix C. Design of a crushed stone (gravel) ringwall foundation 1041(8)
Appendix D. Design of a pile supported concrete slab foundation 1049(22)
Index 1071
Dr. Maurice Stewart, PE, a Registered Professional Engineer with over 40 years international consulting experience in project management; designing, selecting, specifying, installing, operating, optimizing, retrofitting and troubleshooting oil, water and gas handling, conditioning and processing facilities; designing plant piping and pipeline systems, heat exchangers, pressure vessels, process equipment, and pumping and compression systems; and leading hazards analysis reviews and risk assessments.
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