1 Introduction |
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1 | (14) |
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1 | (1) |
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2 | (4) |
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1.2.1 Applications in Architecture |
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3 | (1) |
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1.2.2 Applications in Mechanical Engineering |
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4 | (1) |
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1.2.3 Applications in Biomedical Engineering |
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5 | (1) |
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1.2.4 Applications in Mathematics |
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5 | (1) |
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1.3 Form-Finding and Stability |
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6 | (5) |
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6 | (1) |
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1.3.2 Existing Form-finding Methods |
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7 | (2) |
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9 | (2) |
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11 | (1) |
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11 | (4) |
2 Equilibrium |
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15 | (40) |
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2.1 Definition of Configuration |
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15 | (8) |
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2.1.1 Basic Mechanical Assumptions |
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16 | (1) |
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17 | (3) |
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2.1.3 Geometry Realization |
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20 | (3) |
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23 | (7) |
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2.2.1 Equilibrium Equations by Balance of Forces |
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23 | (4) |
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2.2.2 Equilibrium Equations by the Principle of Virtual Work |
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27 | (3) |
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2.3 Static and Kinematic Determinacy |
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30 | (13) |
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32 | (3) |
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2.3.2 Modified Maxwell's Rule |
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35 | (1) |
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36 | (2) |
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2.3.4 Kinematic Determinacy |
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38 | (4) |
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42 | (1) |
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43 | (5) |
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2.4.1 Definition of Force Density Matrix |
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43 | (2) |
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2.4.2 Direct Definition of Force Density Matrix |
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45 | (1) |
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2.4.3 Self-equilibrium of the Structures with Supports |
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46 | (2) |
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2.5 Non-degeneracy Condition for Free-standing Structures |
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48 | (5) |
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53 | (1) |
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54 | (1) |
3 Self-equilibrium Analysis by Symmetry |
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55 | (42) |
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3.1 Symmetry-based Equilibrium |
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55 | (3) |
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3.2 Symmetric X-cross Structure |
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58 | (4) |
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3.3 Symmetric Prismatic Structures |
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62 | (13) |
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63 | (4) |
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67 | (2) |
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3.3.3 Self-equilibrium Analysis |
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69 | (6) |
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3.4 Symmetric Star-shaped Structures |
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75 | (8) |
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76 | (2) |
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3.4.2 Self-equilibrium Analysis |
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78 | (5) |
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3.5 Regular Truncated Tetrahedral Structures |
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83 | (11) |
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3.5.1 Tetrahedral Symmetry |
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85 | (3) |
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3.5.2 Self-equilibrium Analysis |
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88 | (6) |
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94 | (2) |
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96 | (1) |
4 Stability |
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97 | (40) |
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4.1 Stability and Potential Energy |
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97 | (4) |
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4.1.1 Equilibrium and Stability of a Ball Under Gravity |
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97 | (2) |
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4.1.2 Total Potential Energy |
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99 | (2) |
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4.2 Equilibrium and Stiffness |
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101 | (10) |
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4.2.1 Equilibrium Equations |
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102 | (3) |
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105 | (6) |
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111 | (17) |
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112 | (5) |
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4.3.2 Prestress-stability |
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117 | (5) |
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122 | (5) |
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127 | (1) |
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4.4 Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Super-stability |
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128 | (6) |
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129 | (3) |
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4.4.2 Sufficient Conditions |
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132 | (2) |
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134 | (1) |
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135 | (2) |
5 Force Density Method |
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137 | (34) |
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5.1 Concept of Force Density Method |
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137 | (10) |
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5.1.1 Force Density Method for Cable-nets |
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138 | (3) |
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5.1.2 Force Density Method for Tensegrity Structures |
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141 | (4) |
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5.1.3 Super-Stability Condition |
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145 | (2) |
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5.2 Adaptive Force Density Method |
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147 | (11) |
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5.2.1 First Design Stage: Feasible Force Densities |
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147 | (8) |
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5.2.2 Second Design Stage: Self-equilibrated Configuration |
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155 | (3) |
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158 | (1) |
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5.3 Geometrical Constraints |
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158 | (7) |
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5.3.1 Constraints on Rotational Symmetry |
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158 | (5) |
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5.3.2 Elevation (z-Coordinates) |
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163 | (1) |
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5.3.3 Summary of Constraints |
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164 | (1) |
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5.3.4 AFDM with Constraints |
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164 | (1) |
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165 | (4) |
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5.4.1 Three-Layer Tensegrity Tower |
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165 | (3) |
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5.4.2 Ten-Layer Tensegrity Tower |
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168 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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170 | (1) |
6 Prismatic Structures of Dihedral Symmetry |
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171 | (34) |
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6.1 Configuration and Connectivity |
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171 | (2) |
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6.2 Preliminary Study on Stability |
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173 | (2) |
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6.3 Conventional Symmetry-adapted Approach |
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175 | (4) |
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6.4 Symmetry-adapted Force Density Matrix |
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179 | (7) |
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6.4.1 Matrix Representation of Dihedral Group |
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179 | (1) |
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6.4.2 Structure of Symmetry-adapted Force Density Matrix |
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180 | (5) |
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6.4.3 Blocks of Symmetry-adapted Force Density Matrix |
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185 | (1) |
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6.5 Self-equilibrium Conditions |
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186 | (2) |
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188 | (8) |
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6.6.1 Divisibility Conditions |
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188 | (6) |
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6.6.2 Super-stability Condition |
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194 | (2) |
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6.7 Prestress-stability and Stability |
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196 | (5) |
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6.7.1 Height/Radius Ratio |
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197 | (2) |
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199 | (1) |
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6.7.3 Materials and Level of Prestresses |
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200 | (1) |
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6.8 Catalog of Stability of Symmetric Prismatic Structures |
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201 | (2) |
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203 | (1) |
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203 | (2) |
7 Star-Shaped Structures of Dihedral Symmetry |
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205 | (28) |
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205 | (3) |
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7.2 Symmetry-adapted Force Density Matrix |
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208 | (7) |
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7.2.1 Force Density Matrix |
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209 | (1) |
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7.2.2 Structure of Symmetry-adapted Force Density Matrix |
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209 | (3) |
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7.2.3 Blocks of Symmetry-adapted Force Density Matrix |
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212 | (3) |
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7.3 Self-equilibrium Conditions |
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215 | (2) |
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217 | (9) |
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7.4.1 Divisibility Conditions |
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217 | (2) |
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7.4.2 Super-stability Conditions |
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219 | (4) |
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7.4.3 Prestress-stability |
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223 | (3) |
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7.5 Multi-stable Star-shaped Structure |
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226 | (5) |
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226 | (1) |
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7.5.2 Multi-stable Equilibrium Path |
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227 | (4) |
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231 | (1) |
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231 | (2) |
8 Regular Truncated Tetrahedral Structures |
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233 | (16) |
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233 | (2) |
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235 | (3) |
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8.3 Symmetry-adapted Force Density Matrix |
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238 | (4) |
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8.3.1 Structure of Symmetry-adapted Force Density Matrix |
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239 | (1) |
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8.3.2 Blocks of Symmetry-adapted Force Density Matrix |
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240 | (2) |
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8.4 Self-equilibrium Conditions |
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242 | (2) |
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8.5 Super-stability Conditions |
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244 | (4) |
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8.5.1 Eigenvalues of the Three-dimensional Block |
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244 | (1) |
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8.5.2 Super-stability Condition for the First Solution qh1 |
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245 | (1) |
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8.5.3 Super-stability Condition for the Second Solution qh2 |
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246 | (2) |
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248 | (1) |
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248 | (1) |
Appendix A: Linear Algebra |
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249 | (14) |
Appendix B: Affine Motions and Rigidity Condition |
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263 | (12) |
Appendix C: Tensegrity Tower |
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275 | (8) |
Appendix D: Group Representation Theory and Symmetry-adapted Matrix |
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283 | (16) |
Index |
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299 | |