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E-raamat: Theories of Performance: Organizational and Service Improvement in the Public Domain

(Professor of Public Policy and Management, Manchester Business School, University of Manchester)
  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Sep-2010
  • Kirjastus: Oxford University Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780191591471
  • Formaat - PDF+DRM
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  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 30-Sep-2010
  • Kirjastus: Oxford University Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780191591471

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How well do governments do in converting the resources they take from us, like taxes, into services that improve the well-being of individuals, groups, and society as a whole? In other words: how well do they perform?

This question has become increasingly prominent in public debates over the past couple of decades, especially in the developed world but also in developing countries. As the state has grown during the second half of the 20th century, so pressures to justify its role in producing public services have also increased. Governments across the world have implemented all sorts of policies aimed at improving performance.

But how much do we know about what actually improves performance of public organizations and services? On what theories, explicit or more often implicit, are these policies based? The answer is; too much and too little. There are dozens of theories, models, assumptions, and prescriptions about `what works' in improving performance. But there's been very little attempt to `join up' theories about performance and make some sense of the evidence we have within a coherent theoretical framework.

This ground-breaking book sets out to begin to fill this gap by creatively synthesizing the various fragments and insights about performance into a framework for systematically exploring and understanding how public sector performance is shaped. It focuses on three key aspects: the external `performance regime' that drives performance of public agencies; the multiple dimensions that drive performance from within; and the competing public values that frame both of these and shape what the public expects from public services.

How well do governments do in converting the resources they take from us, like taxes, into services that improve the well-being of individuals, groups, and society as a whole? In other words: how well do they perform?

This question has become increasingly prominent in public debates over the past couple of decades, especially in the developed world but also in developing countries. As the state has grown during the second half of the 20th century, so pressures to justify its role in producing public services have also increased. Governments across the world have implemented all sorts of policies aimed at improving performance.

But how much do we know about what actually improves performance of public organisations and services? On what theories, explicit or more often implicit, are these policies based? The answer is: too much and too little. There are dozens of theories, models, assumptions, and prescriptions about 'what works' in improving performance. But there's been very little attempt to 'join up' theories about performance and make some sense of the evidence we have within a coherent theoretical framework.

This ground-breaking book sets out to begin to fill this gap by creatively synthesising the various fragments and insights about performance into a framework for systematically exploring and understanding how public sector performance is shaped. It focuses on three key aspects: the external 'performance regime' that drives performance of public agencies; the multiple dimensions that drive performance from within; and the competing public values that frame both of these and shape what public expects from public services.

Arvustused

Review from previous edition Performance management has grown from a narrow technical suburb of public administration into a sprawling city of its own. Colin Talbot provides us with a much-needed A to Z - one which looks into the foundations as well as the superstructures, and which shows how the technicalities link to some of the perennial dilemmas of public policymaking. * Christopher Pollitt, Research Professor of Public Management, Public Management Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven * Colin Talbot takes an issue that is usually buried in narrow administrative and political frameworks and provides the reader with a broader and provocative perspective. This book offers students and practitioners of performance a new and fresh orientation to an important issue. * Beryl A. Radin, American University, Washington, DC * Professor Talbot brings his aptitude for trenchant analysis of policy making and public management to the subject of public sector performance. The result is a compact comparative assessment of performance measurement and management that is a tour de force of theoretical breadth, political insight, practical wisdom, and good judgment. Academics and practitioners alike will find it invaluable. * Laurence E. Lynn, Jr. University of Texas at Austin *

List of Figures
x
List of Tables
xii
1 Introduction - Why the Issue of Performance Will Not Go Away
1(24)
Consilience Deficit Disorder
4(8)
Shape of the Book
12(13)
PART I PERFORMANCE AND THEORY
2 Problematics of Performance
25(27)
Introduction
25(1)
Units and Levels of Analysis Problems
26(7)
Conceptual Problems
33(5)
Technical Problems
38(11)
Problems of Politics, Values, and Objectives
49(1)
Conclusions
50(2)
3 Theories and Performance
52(29)
Ways of Knowing: Positivism, Constructionism, and Realism
54(5)
Ways of Knowing: Disciplinary Perspectives
59(10)
Some Specific Theories and Performance
69(6)
Concluding Comments
75(6)
PART II GOVERNANCE AND PERFORMANCE
4 Performance Regimes: Institutions
81(18)
Introduction
81(2)
Issues in Shaping the Performance of Public Services
83(8)
Toward an Institutional Framework for Analyzing Performance Regimes
91(5)
Conclusions
96(3)
5 Performance Regimes: Interventions
99(24)
Managerial-Contractual Interventions
105(3)
Capability Interventions
108(6)
Systemic Interventions I Competition
114(4)
Systemic Interventions II Voice and Choice
118(2)
Performance Regimes: Institutions, Interventions, and Theory
120(3)
6 Performance and Public Value(s)
123(20)
Shareholder Value Versus Stakeholder Values
124(1)
Organizational Culture and Values
125(5)
Values-Based Theories
130(7)
Shaping Public Values
137(6)
PART III PERFORMANCE AND ORGANIZATIONS
7 Theories of Organizational Performance
143(26)
The Rise and Fall of Organizational Effectiveness Studies
145(7)
The Excellence, Quality, and Culture Movement
152(7)
Organizational Effectiveness Redux: The 1990s "Performance" Movement
159(10)
8 Theories of Performance of Public Organizations
169(20)
Adopted Imports
170(1)
Adapted Imports
171(3)
Indigenous Innovations
174(7)
Performance of Governments and Sectors
181(8)
PART IV RESPONSES AND CONCLUSIONS - SHAPING PERFORMANCE
9 Performance Responses
189(14)
Public Sector Staff and Organizations
190(9)
Policy-Makers and Politicians
199(3)
Conclusions
202(1)
10 Shaping Public Performance
203(15)
A Realist View of Performance: Brute Facts and Social Construction
204(1)
Models of Performance
205(4)
Performance Regimes
209(2)
Public Values
211(2)
Bringing It All Together - Regimes, Models, and Values?
213(2)
Progress and the Future
215(3)
References 218(23)
Index 241
Colin Talbot is a recognised international expert on performance in the public sector who has worked with governments, public agencies across many countries including Canada, France, and Japan. He has recently been involved in two Prime Minister's seminars in the UK. He's been a specialist adviser to two select committees in Westminster (Treasury and Public Administration) and, uniquely, given expert evidence to committees of all four parliaments in the UK. He has advised the National Audit Office on all their major performance studies over the past decade.

He is currently professor of public policy and management at Manchester Business School, where he founded the Herbert Simon Institute for public policy and management. He has authored or edited five previous books, numerous academic articles and is a regular media commentator including for the Financial Times, Guardian, and BBC. He's also the author of the influential Whitehall Watch blog