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E-raamat: Thesaurus of Traditional English Metaphors

P.R. Wilkinson

Formaat: 896 pages
Ilmumisaeg: 02-Sep-2003
Kirjastus: Routledge
ISBN-13: 9781134474158

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Formaat: 896 pages
Ilmumisaeg: 02-Sep-2003
Kirjastus: Routledge
ISBN-13: 9781134474158

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This fascinating collection of traditional metaphors and figures of speech, groups expressions according to theme. The second edition includes over 1,500 new entries, more information on first known usages, a new introduction and two expanded indexes. It will appeal to those interested in cultural history and the English language.

Arvustused

'It is a truly scholarly achievement deserving a place in all academic and reference libraries ...' - Reference Reviews Praise for the first edition: `The first attraction to this book is the author biography...Wilkinson is an enthusiast; and they usually make the best compilers of reference books. This is no exception: the book is clearly a labour of love ... A quite marvellous mass of material is assembled here, which will both delight and fascinate any lover of words or of the use of the English language. I recommend it unreservedly.' - Reference Reviews

'It is a truly scholarly achievement deserving a place in all academic and reference libraries ...' - Reference Reviews

Introduction

xvii

Acknowledgements

xxi

List of abbreviations

xxiii

A Tinker

(16)

1 Wood work

(3)

2 Stone work

(1)

3 Metal work

(3)

4 Machinery, computers

(6)

5 Craft skills

(1)

6 Power

(1)

7 Pedlars, tinkers, gipsies

(2)

B Tailor

(28)

1 Spinning

(4)

2 Weaving

(3)

3 Finishing cloth

(1)

4 Cloth and skins

(2)

5 Tailoring

(5)

6 Wearing clothes, different garments

(7)

7 Mending clothes

(1)

8 Cobblers' work

(1)

9 Various footwear

(3)

10 Old shoes

(1)

C Soldier

(38)

1 Early weapons

(1)

2 Bolts, bows and arrows

(2)

3 Cutting and stabbing weapons

(1)

4 Sword-fighting

(1)

5 Armour etc.

(1)

6 Cavalry

(2)

7 Explosives, guns

(1)

8 Rifles

(1)

9 Artillery

(1)

10 In battle

(6)

11 Prisoners

(1)

12 Forts, sieges, camps

(2)

13 Royalty; rank and discipline

(2)

14 Marching

(2)

15 Heraldry, uniforms

(1)

16 Military history

(2)

17 Other countries, peoples, fauna

(10)

18 Peace and war

(1)

19 Mercenaries, spies

(1)

20 Messengers, diplomacy, empire

(1)

21 Citizens and government

(3)

D Sailor

(31)

1 Ship-building

(1)

2 Small boats

(1)

3 Sailing ships

(3)

4 Modern ships

(1)

5 Weather at sea

(1)

6 The oceans

(1)

7 Marine life

(1)

8 Sailors at sea

(3)

9 Man overboard

(1)

10 Inland shipping

(1)

11 Reaches

(1)

12 Shell-fish

(1)

13 Sea-fishing

(4)

14 Fishmongers

101

(1)

15 In port

101

(4)

16 Navigation

105

(3)

17 Ships in distress

108

(2)

18 Pirates and smugglers

110

(1)

19 The Royal Navy

110

(4)

E Richman

114

(91)

1 Finance

116

(2)

2 Trade

118

(3)

3 Mining

121

(1)

4 Valuables

122

(1)

5 Travel, old and new

123

(3)

6 High life

126

(2)

7 Landowners and property

128

(3)

8 Hunting

131

(2)

9 Hawking

133

(2)

10 Hunting with hounds

135

(3)

11 Shooting

138

(1)

12 Fishing

139

(1)

13 Farms

140

(2)

14 Horses

142

(3)

15 Looking after horses

145

(4)

16 Riding horses

149

(4)

17 Asses, donkeys, mules

153

(2)

18 Farm dogs

155

(1)

19 Cattle

155

(4)

20 Cows

159

(2)

21 Calves

161

(2)

22 Dairy produce

163

(2)

23 Sheep

165

(5)

24 Goats

170

(1)

25 Pigs

171

(6)

26 Ducks

177

(1)

27 Geese

178

(3)

28 Poultry

181

(6)

29 The butcher and various meats

187

(2)

30 Trees, fruit and bees

189

(4)

31 Plowing and growing different crops

193

(2)

32 Grass and hay

195

(2)

33 Grain crops

197

(3)

34 The miller and his mills

200

(5)

F Poorman

205

(36)

1 Poverty of money

206

(1)

2 Poverty of land

207

(1)

3 Poverty of housing

207

(1)

4 Poverty of clothing, bedding

207

(1)

5 Relations with the Richman

208

(1)

6 Hunger and thirst

209

(1)

7 Coarse fishing

210

(2)

8 Public transport

212

(1)

9 The life of a peasant

213

(1)

10 Horseman and his horses

214

(2)

11 Cowman

216

(2)

12 Shepherd

218

(1)

13 Pigman

219

(1)

14 Poultryman

219

(1)

15 Plowman

220

(3)

16 Harvestman

223

(1)

17 Threshing the grain

223

(2)

18 Walling, hedging, fencing

225

(1)

19 Draining

226

(1)

20 Gardener

226

(2)

21 Carter

228

(1)

22 Roadman

229

(1)

23 Miner

229

(1)

24 Woodman

230

(3)

25 Tools

233

(1)

26 Scythes, sickles, forks and rakes

233

(1)

27 Ladders

234

(1)

28 Spades and bars

234

(1)

29 Wheelbarrows

235

(1)

30 Forest tools

235

(1)

31 Maintaining saws and axes

236

(1)

32 Wedges and sledges

237

(1)

33 Hard work

238

(2)

34 Master and servant relations

240

(1)

G Beggarman

241

(73)

1 Begging

243

(1)

2 Hostile receptions

244

(1)

3 A beggar's food

245

(2)

4 Roughing it

247

(1)

5 Fires

248

(1)

6 Walking sticks

249

(1)

7 On the road

250

(3)

8 Different towns and places

253

(3)

9 Crossing rivers

256

(1)

10 Across country

257

(2)

11 Weather

259

(1)

12 Sun and sky

259

(2)

13 Winds

261

(1)

14 Clouds and rain

262

(2)

15 Thunder and lightning

264

(1)

16 Freezing weather

265

(1)

17 Night

266

(1)

18 The stars and planet earth

266

(1)

19 Seasons, months

267

(1)

20 Hills, mountains

267

(3)

21 Rocks and stones

270

(1)

22 Geology

271

(1)

23 Water, lakes, bogs

271

(1)

24 Rivers

272

(2)

25 Woods

274

(1)

26 Parts of plants

275

(1)

27 Trees

276

(1)

28 Wild fruits

277

(1)

29 Stinging and prickly plants

278

(2)

30 Wild flowers

280

(1)

31 Grasses

281

(1)

32 Fungi

281

(1)

33 Bees

281

(1)

34 Wasps

282

(1)

35 Other insects

283

(1)

36 Spiders

284

(1)

37 Flies, midges etc.

284

(2)

38 Moths and butterflies

286

(1)

39 Slugs, snails and worms

287

(1)

40 Fleas

288

(1)

41 Lice

288

(1)

42 Other parasites

289

(1)

43 Freshwater fish

290

(1)

44 Reptiles, frogs etc.

291

(1)

45 Birds

291

(6)

46 Birds of the crow family

297

(2)

47 Birds of prey

299

(1)

48 Owls

300

(1)

49 Ducks and geese

300

(1)

50 Other water fowl

301

(1)

51 Herons

301

(1)

52 Birds of the thrush family

302

(1)

53 Cuckoos

302

(1)

54 Wading birds

303

(1)

55 Robins

303

(1)

56 Skylarks

304

(1)

57 Other birds

304

(2)

58 Animals' fur, teeth etc.

306

(1)

59 Wolves

306

(1)

60 Foxes

307

(1)

61 Boars

308

(1)

62 Badgers

308

(1)

63 Wild-cats, otters etc.

309

(1)

64 Deer, hares and rabbits

310

(1)

65 Squirrels

311

(1)

66 Rats

311

(1)

67 Mice

312

(1)

68 Shrews, bats, moles and hedgehogs

312

(2)

H Thief

314

(18)

1 Thieves

314

(1)

2 Trespassing, breaking-in

315

(1)

3 Stealing

315

(1)

4 Stolen goods

316

(1)

5 Rustling

316

(1)

6 Poaching

317

(3)

7 Deceit

320

(1)

8 Fraud

320

(1)

9 Forgery

320

(1)

10 Perjury, slander

320

(1)

11 Other criminals

321

(1)

12 Murder

322

(1)

13 Police

323

(1)

14 Arrest, bail

324

(1)

15 The law

325

(1)

16 Torture and interrogation

325

(1)

17 In court and on trial

326

(1)

18 Court officials

327

(1)

19 Prison

328

(1)

20 Punishing the guilty

328

(1)

21 Hanging

329

(2)

22 Executions

331

(1)

I At Home

332

(148)

1 Maidenhood, marriage

336

(3)

2 Babies

339

(3)

3 Children

342

(1)

4 Relations, friends, neighbours

343

(3)

5 Communication

346

(5)

6 Dogs

351

(2)

7 Owning a dog

353

(2)

8 Dogs eating

355

(1)

9 Canine activities

356

(1)

10 Dogs maltreated

357

(2)

11 Cats

359

(1)

12 Kittens

360

(1)

13 Feline activities

360

(1)

14 Cats with dogs and people

361

(2)

15 Cats eating

363

(1)

16 Cats maltreated

364

(1)

17 Mice, rats and pets

364

(2)

18 The human body

366

(2)

19 Shadows

368

(1)

20 Male and female

368

(1)

21 Hair, heads

369

(1)

22 The face

370

(1)

23 Eyes, ears and nose

370

(3)

24 Mouth functions

373

(3)

25 Neck and breast

376

(1)

26 Heart and blood

376

(1)

27 Nerves and sinews

377

(1)

28 Internal organs

377

(1)

29 Below the belt

377

(2)

30 Back and arms

379

(3)

31 Arse and legs

382

(2)

32 Personal hygiene

384

(3)

33 Personal appearance

387

(1)

34 Disabilities

388

(2)

35 Illness and injuries

390

(3)

36 Medical care

393

(2)

37 Healing treatments

395

(2)

38 Death and burial

397

(3)

39 Houses

400

(2)

40 Building houses

402

(3)

41 Doors and windows

405

(3)

42 Locks, garbage

408

(1)

43 Cupboards, hooks

409

(1)

44 Cutlery

410

(1)

45 Baskets, tubs

411

(1)

46 Pitchers, pots etc.

411

(2)

47 Kitchen utensils

413

(1)

48 Tableware

414

(1)

49 Wells and pumps

415

(2)

50 Food and meat

417

(2)

51 Fish

419

(1)

52 Poultry and eggs

420

(1)

53 Dairy products

421

(1)

54 Vegetables

422

(3)

55 Fruit and nuts

425

(2)

56 Seasoning, pickling

427

(2)

57 Preparing bread etc.

429

(1)

58 Cooks

430

(1)

59 Cooking with pots and pans

431

(1)

60 Frying, roasting, stewing

432

(2)

61 Cooking fish, fowl, vegetables

434

(1)

62 Ovens

435

(1)

63 Bread

436

(2)

64 Mealtimes

438

(1)

65 Eating and drinking

439

(2)

66 Eating meat

441

(2)

67 Soup and gravy

443

(1)

68 Porridge

444

(1)

69 Eating fish, fowl and fruit

444

(2)

70 Pasta, puddings, pies

446

(2)

71 Cakes

448

(2)

72 Fireplaces

450

(1)

73 Lighting the fire

451

(2)

74 Maintaining the fire

453

(2)

75 Hearths and chimneys

455

(1)

76 Fires out of control

456

(1)

77 Candles

457

(1)

78 Other lighting

458

(1)

79 In bed

459

(3)

80 House furniture

462

(1)

81 Calendar and clocks

463

(1)

82 Sweeping up

464

(1)

83 Mopping up, dusting and wiping

465

(2)

84 Washing clothes

467

(2)

85 Living in a town

469

(3)

86 Markets

472

(1)

87 Shopping

473

(2)

88 Weights and measures

475

(1)

89 City streets

476

(1)

90 Gardens

477

(2)

91 Parks and zoos

479

(1)

J At School

480

(61)

1 Myths

482

(3)

2 Fables

485

(3)

3 Legends

488

(2)

4 Fairy stories and nursery rhymes

490

(1)

5 Fairies, goblins etc.

491

(1)

6 Witches and demons

492

(1)

7 Superstitions

492

(1)

8 Old customs

493

(3)

9 Religions

496

(2)

10 Augury

498

(1)

11 Omens

498

(1)

12 Oracles

499

(1)

13 Alchemy

499

(1)

14 Astrology

499

(1)

15 Fortune-telling

500

(1)

16 Going to school

500

(1)

17 School

500

(1)

18 Teachers, scouts and guides

500

(1)

19 Punishments

501

(1)

20 Learning to read and write

502

(2)

21 Words, speeches

504

(1)

22 Books

504

(1)

23 Scholarship

505

(1)

24 Literature

505

(3)

25 Shakespearean and other quotations

508

(2)

26 The Greek and Latin classics

510

(1)

27 Mathematics

511

(1)

28 History

512

(2)

29 Geography

514

(1)

30 The sciences

514

(1)

31 Philosophy

515

(1)

32 University

515

(1)

33 God

516

(1)

34 The Old Testament

516

(4)

35 The New Testament

520

(3)

36 Christianity

523

(1)

37 Charity

523

(1)

38 Sin and penance

524

(1)

39 Church history

524

(1)

40 Martyrs and saints

524

(2)

41 The church calendar

526

(1)

42 The Pope

526

(1)

43 Bishops

526

(1)

44 Priests

527

(1)

45 Vicars

527

(1)

46 Parsons

527

(1)

47 Curates and other divines

527

(1)

48 Monks

528

(1)

49 Nuns

528

(1)

50 Church business

528

(1)

51 Churches

528

(1)

52 Church steeples

529

(1)

53 In the church

530

(1)

54 Monasteries, convents

531

(1)

55 Chapels

531

(1)

56 Sacraments of the church

532

(1)

57 Liturgy

533

(1)

58 Church services

533

(1)

59 Mystery plays

534

(1)

60 Church customs, candles, congregations

534

(1)

61 Psalms and hymns

535

(1)

62 Hell

535

(1)

63 The devil

536

(3)

64 Purgatory

539

(1)

65 Heaven

539

(1)

66 Ghosts

539

(2)

K At Play

541

(63)

1 Music

543

(1)

2 Violins

544

(1)

3 Tuning up

544

(1)

4 Lutes

545

(1)

5 Harps

545

(1)

6 The pipes

545

(1)

7 Drums, trumpets and flutes

546

(1)

8 Organs, pianos

547

(1)

9 Dancing

547

(2)

10 Whistling

549

(1)

11 Songs and ballads

549

(1)

12 Poetry

550

(1)

13 Story-telling

550

(1)

14 Making pictures

551

(2)

15 Carving, pottery, arts and crafts

553

(1)

16 Brewing ale

554

(1)

17 Distilling

555

(1)

18 Cellars and barrels

555

(1)

19 Bottling wine

556

(1)

20 Beer

556

(1)

21 Wines and spirits

557

(1)

22 Drinking

557

(1)

23 Parties, clubs

558

(1)

24 Tobacco, smoked and chewed

559

(1)

25 Snuff and drugs

559

(1)

26 Inns and hotels

559

(1)

27 Barmen

560

(1)

28 Games, keeping score

560

(1)

29 Athletics

560

(2)

30 Water sports

562

(1)

31 Winter sports

563

(1)

32 Football

564

(1)

33 Cricket

565

(1)

34 Baseball, basketball

566

(1)

35 Bandy, shinty etc.

567

(1)

36 Tennis

568

(1)

37 Squash, badminton

568

(1)

38 Golf

568

(1)

39 Bowls

569

(1)

40 Boxing

569

(2)

41 Wrestling

571

(1)

42 Tug-o'-war

572

(1)

43 Fencing

572

(1)

44 Climbing

573

(1)

45 Cycling, ballooning, gliding

573

(1)

46 Archery

573

(1)

47 Hatchet-throwing

574

(1)

48 Pistol-shooting

574

(1)

49 Clay pigeon shooting

574

(1)

50 Horse-racing

574

(2)

51 Dog-racing

576

(1)

52 Pigeon-flying

576

(1)

53 Car-racing

576

(1)

54 Betting on races

577

(1)

55 Badger-baiting

578

(1)

56 Bears

578

(1)

57 Bull-baiting

579

(1)

58 Cock-fighting; other 'sports' with animals

580

(1)

59 Circuses

581

(2)

60 Fairs

583

(2)

61 Performing plays

585

(1)

62 The stage, radio, TV etc.

586

(3)

63 Conjuring

589

(1)

64 Puppets

590

(1)

65 Waxworks

590

(1)

66 Bedlam

590

(1)

67 Children playing

591

(2)

68 See-sawing

593

(1)

69 Fireworks

593

(1)

70 Spinning-tops

593

(1)

71 Kites

594

(1)

72 Dolls, horses, other toys

594

(1)

73 Indoor games, billiards

595

(1)

74 Chess

596

(1)

75 Marbles

597

(1)

76 Skittles, quoits

597

(1)

77 Gambling

598

(2)

78 Dice

600

(1)

79 Card-playing

600

(2)

80 Whist and bridge

602

(1)

81 Poker

603

(1)

Bibliography

604

(5)

Index of themes

609

(10)

Index of keywords

619

Dick Wilkinson is a retired Forestry Commission worker who studied Classics, Old English and Old Norse at Cambridge University. This collection is the result of a lifetime's work on dialect and metaphor.

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E-raamat: Thesaurus of Traditional English Metaphors

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