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E-raamat: Transfusion Medicine: Quality in Laboratory Diagnosis

  • Formaat: 208 pages
  • Sari: Diagnostic Standards of Care
  • Ilmumisaeg: 19-Oct-2012
  • Kirjastus: Demos Medical Publishing
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781617051609
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  • Formaat: 208 pages
  • Sari: Diagnostic Standards of Care
  • Ilmumisaeg: 19-Oct-2012
  • Kirjastus: Demos Medical Publishing
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781617051609
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Eichbaum et al. (pathology, microbiology, and immunology, Vanderbilt U.) identify common issues and errors associated with the blood transfusion process, to help general practitioners, trainees, individuals working in the clinical laboratory, laboratory managers, and hospital administrators learn about common types of errors they are likely to encounter, and address issues such as making decisions about when to premedicate patients, strategies of warfarin reversal, and the diagnostic intricacies of thrombocytopenic pupura and transfusion-related acute lung injury. Included are blood product-related errors, errors in procedures, and errors involving specific clinical scenarios, with accompanying cases for illustration, clinical pitfalls, explanations and consequences, and summaries of the standards of care. Annotation ©2013 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

As with other volumes in the Diagnostic Standards of Care series, Transfusion Medicine focuses specifically on understanding potential problems and sources of error in management of the blood bank and transfusion, how to anticipate and avoid such problems, and how to manage them if they occur. The discussions are concise, practical, specific, and problem-based so the book directly addresses the situations and issues faced by the clinical pathologist or other manager or staff member of the blood bank team. Discussion of each problem is augmented by a case discussion giving a real-world example of how the issue can occur and how it can be effectively dealt with by the manager. The goal is to support the pathologist, manager or technologist in providing the highest possible quality of care and effective, timely consultation to the clinical staff.

This book provides comprehensive coverage of key issues in achieving quality in transfusion medicine as well as numerous case examples and discussions give real-world illustrations of how problems occur and how to avoid them.
Series Foreword xi
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xvi
1 Product-Related Errors
1(18)
Inappropriate Use of Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) to Correct Mildly Elevated Prothrombin Time (PT)
2(3)
Inappropriate Use of Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) for Volume Expansion
5(2)
Inappropriate Use of Rh Immune Globulin (RhIG) in Pregnancy
7(2)
Rh Immune Globulin (RhIG)---Inadequate Dosing
9(3)
Inappropriate Use of Cryoprecipitate
12(3)
Platelet Inactivation as a Result of Cold Exposure
15(4)
2 Errors in Procedures
19(32)
A Positive Type and Screen Will Result in Relative Delay in the Issue of Blood
20(3)
Error in Blood Sample Collection Resulting in Inaccurate Type and Screen
23(2)
Misinterpretation of Laboratory Tests for Hemolysis
25(3)
ABO Typing Discrepancy Due to Less Common ABO Subgroups
28(3)
Inappropriate Use of Autologous Blood
31(3)
Rapid Transfusion in Chronic Anemia May Result in Volume Overload
34(2)
Cold Agglutinin Disease (CAD)---Insignificance of Low Antibody Titers
36(2)
Hypocalcemic Toxicity from Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE)
38(3)
Hemolysis Following Platelet Transfusion
41(3)
Development of Coagulopathy Secondary to Intensive Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE)
44(3)
Heparin-Flushed Lines---Inadvertent Exposure to Blood Circulation
47(4)
3 Errors Involving Specific Clinical Scenarios
51(82)
Occult Anemia---Searching for a Delayed Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction
53(3)
Identification and Management of Clinically Significant Alloantibodies in Pregnancy
56(3)
Liberal Versus Restrictive Transfusion Strategies
59(2)
Non-Evidence-Based Practices in Prophylactic Platelet Transfusions for Minor Procedures
61(2)
Molecular Differences in the RhD Protein and the Need for Rh Immune Globulin
63(3)
Recognition of Immune-Mediated Hemolysis in a Pediatric Patient
66(4)
Inappropriate Platelet Transfusion for Patients on Aspirin
70(3)
Unexpected Posttransfusion Purpura (PTP)
73(3)
Phenotype Matching to Mitigate Alloimmunization in Sickle Cell Disease
76(3)
Refusing Blood Transfusion, When Patient and Physician Beliefs Fail to Align
79(3)
Crypt Antigen Activation, Adverse Consequences
82(3)
Failure to Recognize Specific Risk Factors That Are Associated with Adverse Reactions in Blood Donors
85(2)
Misinterpretation of the Direct Antiglobulin Test (DAT)
87(3)
Warfarin Reversal---Inappropriate Use of Fresh Frozen Plasma
90(4)
Anti-Kell Alloantibodies---Missed Diagnosis of Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn (HDFN)
94(3)
IgA Deficiency---Misinterpretations and Assumptions
97(3)
Misinterpreting the Cause of Hypotension during Transfusion
100(3)
Inappropriate Application of Premedication for Transfusion
103(3)
Incomplete Evaluation of Platelet Refractoriness
106(3)
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)---Missed Diagnosis
109(3)
Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI)---Failure to Diagnose
112(3)
Failure to Recognize That Serious, Potentially Fatal Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions Can Occur with Blood Products
115(3)
Failure to Recognize Drug-Induced Hemolytic Anemia (DIHA)
118(3)
Failure to Recognize That Donor HIV Exposure Is Associated with a Specific Federally Mandated Process for Recipient Notification
121(3)
Risk of Hyperkalemia from RBC Transfusion
124(3)
Failure to Recognize That Intensive Plasma Exchange Can Cause Metabolic Alkalosis
127(3)
Failure to Recognize the Risk of Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia in a Primigravida
130(3)
Unnecessary Platelet Transfusions 133(4)
Index 137
Quentin Eichbaum, MD, PhD, MPH, MFA, Assistant Dean for Program Development, Associate Director of Transfusion Medicine, Associate Professor of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Associate Professor of Medical Education and Administration

||Garrett S. Booth, MD, MS, Assistant Professor of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology

|Pampee S. Young, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Medical Director Transfusion Service; all of Vanderbilt University School of Medicine

|Michael Laposata, MD, PhD, is Edward and Nancy Fody Professor and Executive Vice Chair of Pathology, and Professor of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine and Pathologist-in-Chief, Vanderbilt University Hospita