Tritium Technologies for Thermonuclear Fusion Reactors summarizes the most recent research and practice in tritium technologies for the processing of hydrogen isotopes in fuel cycles. Authors Dr. Perevezentsev and Professor Rozenkevich combine their wealth of first-hand experience to present this comprehensive guide which promotes the best radiation protection practices and a more sustainable way to produce power in a thermonuclear reactor plant. Applicable to both magnetic and inertial confinements of plasma, this book covers tritium processing systems, tritium recovery from the plasma chamber, and various safety systems devoted to lessening the impact on the public and environment.
The readers are also led through various modeling techniques, such as the separation of hydrogen isotopes, and the detritiation of liquid and gaseous streams in dynamic and steady state operation modes. This book is a practical guide which includes various case studies and examples which will help solidify the reader’s learning. It combines the latest research of tritium technologies with applications for fusion nuclear reactors, and includes solutions and directions for the resolution of various common challenges faced. Engineers, researchers, and students of tritium technologies, fusion energy, and nuclear power generation will gain a detailed and integrated understanding of how tritium can be used within a nuclear setting, for cleaner and more efficient power generation.
- Guides the reader through problem solving via step-by-step processes and models
- Includes case studies and examples throughout, from two of the most recognized experts in the field with firsthand knowledge of the subject
- Presents a comprehensive, practical reference on the tritium fuel cycle for fusion reactors
| Foreword |
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vii | |
| Preface |
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ix | |
| Introduction |
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xi | |
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1 Purpose of fuel cycle for fusion reactor |
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1 | (40) |
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1.1 Functions of fuel cycle |
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1 | (10) |
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1.2 Systems and interfaces of fuel cycle |
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11 | (6) |
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1.3 Control of tritium distribution in fusion reactor |
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17 | (24) |
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38 | (1) |
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38 | (3) |
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2 Fuel storage and supply |
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41 | (34) |
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2.1 Methods for storage of hydrogen isotopes |
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41 | (2) |
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2.2 Properties of the hydride-forming metals |
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43 | (18) |
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2.3 Features of the metal-hydride containers |
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61 | (4) |
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2.4 Systems for storage and supply of hydrogen isotopes |
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65 | (10) |
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74 | (1) |
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74 | (1) |
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3 Processing unburned plasma |
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75 | (24) |
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3.1 Methods of processing |
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75 | (20) |
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3.2 Systems for processing |
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95 | (4) |
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97 | (1) |
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97 | (2) |
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4 Thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics of isotope separation processes |
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99 | (34) |
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4.1 Reversible and irreversible processes for separation of hydrogen isotopes |
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99 | (8) |
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4.2 Thermodynamic and kinetic isotopic effects |
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107 | (11) |
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4.3 Mass transfer characteristics |
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118 | (15) |
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130 | (1) |
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130 | (3) |
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5 Separation of hydrogen isotopic mixtures with high tritium concentration |
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133 | (36) |
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5.1 Gas chromatographic separation |
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133 | (9) |
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5.2 Separation by isotopic exchange between hydrogen and solid |
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142 | (6) |
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5.3 Cryogenic distillation of hydrogen |
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148 | (21) |
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165 | (2) |
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167 | (2) |
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6 Tritium removal from water |
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169 | (54) |
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6.1 Thermodynamics of water's isotopic exchange |
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169 | (5) |
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6.2 Options for system's configuration |
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174 | (6) |
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180 | (10) |
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6.4 Chemical isotopic exchange of liquid water with gaseous hydrogen |
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190 | (7) |
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6.5 Installations for water detritiation |
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197 | (26) |
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218 | (1) |
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218 | (5) |
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7 Tritium recovery from construction materials of plasma chamber |
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223 | (38) |
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7.1 Tritium distribution in materials to be used in plasma chamber |
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224 | (8) |
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7.2 Tritium recovery from materials of plasma chamber components |
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232 | (29) |
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259 | (1) |
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259 | (2) |
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8 Fuel cycle of fusion reactor---protection of personnel, public, and the environment |
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261 | (82) |
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8.1 Integrated tritium systems |
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269 | (15) |
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8.2 Detritiation of air and gases |
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284 | (31) |
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315 | (17) |
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8.4 Control of quantity and accumulation of tritium in components of fusion reactor |
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332 | (4) |
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8.5 Propagation of error in evaluation of tritium inventory |
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336 | (7) |
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339 | (1) |
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339 | (4) |
| Glossary |
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343 | (4) |
| Index |
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347 | |
Alexander PEREVEZENTSEV has a Ph. D. in chemistry and is the Lead Researcher at the Moscow Mendeleev University (Russia). He has also spent time working as Group Leader at the UKAEA JET Facilities (UK), Expert Engineer at the ITER International Organization (France), and visiting researcher and professor at Vienna Technical University and Seibersdorf Research Centre (Austria), Karlsruhe Research Centre (Germany), Culham Science Centre (UK), Hydrogen Research Centre of Toyama University (Japan). Dr. Perevezentsev is currently the technical leader of the Advanced Tritium Technology Centre at the Culham Centre for Fusion Energy in the UK. He is an expert in tritium technologies, tritium fuel cycle, tritium confinement, tritium in materials, metal hydrides and ultra-pure gases. He has authored more than 60 different publications. Mikhail ROZENKEVICH is professor and Head of the Department of Hydrogen Energy and Technology of Isotopes at Russian Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology, Moscow. He is an expert of Russian state corporations Rosatom” and Rosnanotech”, as well as a recognized expert in separation of isotopes of light elements. Professor Rozenkevich is author of more than 350 publications, including the monograph Separation of Isotopes of Biogenic Elements in Two-phases Systems published by Elsevier.
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