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E-raamat: Understanding and improving crop photosynthesis

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The volume stands out for its principal focus on photosynthetic improvement yet supports this focus by providing essential basic background that allows readers to understand and appreciate the most promising strategies for enhancing photosynthetic productivity in C3 cropsThe chapters in Understanding and improving crop photosynthesis follow well the Burleigh Dodds model of providing a rich assortment of references, particularly recent references representing the state of the art for each subject. The chapters also close by highlighting key reviews and websites where readers can seek additional updates and information. These additional resources bridge the gap between the advanced topics discussed in each chapter and general introductions...The book will be appreciated by a wide range of scholars, from advanced undergraduates to established experts looking to keep abreast of developments in the field. (Book Review Published in Annals of Botany Professor Rowan F. Sage, University of Toronto, Canada)

It is widely recognised that photosynthesis in many important crops is well below its theoretical potential. With crop yields and stability under threat from the impact of climate change, there is now an urgent need to synthesise existing research on best practices for improving C3 photosynthesis in crops to optimise sustainable crop production and yields.

Understanding and improving crop photosynthesis reviews the wealth of current research that addresses this challenge. The book explores our understanding of the general components of C3 photosynthesis, including its biochemistry, as well as the recent advances in techniques for improving photosynthesis, focussing primarily on light harvesting and optimising chloroplast function/light conversion.

Through providing its readers with a comprehensive exploration of crop photosynthesis, the book showcases how farmers can utilise their understanding of the science behind this key process to optimise their yields and achieve successful crop production.

Arvustused

The volume stands out for its principal focus on photosynthetic improvement yet supports this focus by providing essential basic background that allows readers to understand and appreciate the most promising strategies for enhancing photosynthetic productivity in C3 cropsThe chapters in Understanding and improving crop photosynthesis follow well the Burleigh Dodds model of providing a rich assortment of references, particularly recent references representing the state of the art for each subject. The chapters also close by highlighting key reviews and websites where readers can seek additional updates and information. These additional resources bridge the gap between the advanced topics discussed in each chapter and general introductions, such as found in a textbook. By providing this information, the chapters in Understanding and improving crop photosynthesis will assist readers wishing to build a better understanding of photosynthesis and its manipulation. The book will be appreciated by a wide range of scholars, from advanced undergraduates to established experts looking to keep abreast of developments in the field. (Book Review Published in Annals of Botany Professor Rowan F. Sage, University of Toronto, Canada)

Series list x
Introduction xix
Part 1 General
1 Understanding the biochemistry of C3 photosynthesis in crop plants
3(28)
C. A. Raines
A. P. Cavanagh
C. Afamefule
K. Chibani
H. Gherli
P. Lopez
V. Mengin
B. Moreno-Garcia
S. Wall
1 Introduction
3(3)
2 The carboxylation phase
6(3)
3 The reduction phase
9(1)
4 The regeneration phase
10(2)
5 Regulation of the C3 cycle enzymes
12(3)
6 Approaches to determine which enzymes limit the flow of carbon through the C3 cycle
15(3)
7 Future opportunities to improve the C3 cycle
18(4)
8 Conclusion
22(1)
9 Where to look for further information
22(1)
10 References
22(9)
2 Understanding the genetics of C3 photosynthesis in crop plants
31(44)
P. Carvalho
G. Ellas da Silva
N. J. M. Saibo
1 Introduction
31(1)
2 Photosynthesis-associated genes
32(1)
3 Regulation of photosynthesis-associated genes by different signals
33(9)
4 Photosynthetic gene regulators
42(10)
5 Use of transcriptional regulators to regulate photosynthesis in C3 crops in the field
52(1)
6 How can the expression of the photosynthesis-associated genes be modulated?
53(1)
7 Conclusion and future trends in research
54(2)
8 Acknowledgements
56(1)
9 Where to look for further information
56(1)
10 References
56(19)
Part 2 Improving photosynthesis: light harvesting
3 Interactions between photosynthesis and the circadian system
75(18)
Marina Viana Queiroz
Martin William Battle
Matthew Alan Jones
1 Introduction
75(1)
2 The circadian system: a global regulator of metabolism
76(1)
3 The circadian system and its contribution to the regulation of photosynthesis
77(3)
4 Interactions between photosynthates and the circadian system
80(4)
5 Generation of reactive oxygen species during photosynthesis
84(2)
6 Conclusion
86(1)
7 Where to look for further information
86(1)
8 References
86(7)
4 Modifying photosystem antennas to improve light harvesting for photosynthesis in crops
93(20)
Min Chen
Robert E. Blankenship
1 Introduction
93(1)
2 Photopigments and their functions in light-harvesting complexes
94(5)
3 Photosynthetic light-harvesting protein complexes
99(6)
4 Photoinhibition
105(1)
5 Photosynthesis efficiency
106(1)
6 Challenges and future trends in research
107(1)
7 Conclusion
107(1)
8 Where to look for further information
108(1)
9 References
108(5)
5 Relaxing non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) to improve photosynthesis in crops
113(18)
Johannes Kromdijk
Carl R. Woese
Julia Walter
1 Introduction
113(1)
2 Light harvesting and photochemistry
114(4)
3 Non-photochemical quenching: dynamic regulation of light-harvesting efficiency in the PSII antennae
118(1)
4 Assessing non-photochemical quenching via fluorescence measurements
119(1)
5 PsbS and zeaxanthin: important factors controlling non-photochemical quenching formation and relaxation in higher plants
120(3)
6 Manipulating non-photochemical quenching to improve photosynthetic efficiency
123(3)
7 Conclusion
126(1)
8 Where to look for further information
127(1)
9 Acknowledgements
127(1)
10 References
127(4)
6 Modifying mesophyll conductance to optimise photosynthesis in crops
131(28)
Coralie E. Salesse-Smith
Steven M. Driever
Victoria C. Clarke
1 Introduction
131(2)
2 Points of resistance to diffusion of CO2
133(1)
3 The interaction between mesophyll cell anatomy, light and gm
134(2)
4 Leaf age and gm
136(2)
5 Cell wall diffusion
138(3)
6 Cellular membranes and CO2 diffusion
141(1)
7 Improving gm using aquaporins as CO2 channels
141(2)
8 CO2 solubility in liquids
143(1)
9 Improving gm with carbonic anhydrases
144(1)
10 Estimating gm
144(3)
11 Strategies for altering gm
147(1)
12 Conclusion and future trends
148(1)
13 Whereto look for further information
149(1)
14 Acknowledgements
149(1)
15 Author contributions
149(1)
16 References
149(10)
7 Modifying canopy architecture to optimize photosynthesis in crops
159(44)
Anthony Digrado
Elizabeth A. Ainsworth
1 Introduction
159(1)
2 Modeling light within crop canopies
160(4)
3 Impacts of breeding on modern crop canopy architecture
164(3)
4 Potential targets for canopy improvement
167(12)
5 Canopies under different environments
179(2)
6 Conclusion
181(1)
7 Future trends in research
181(1)
8 Acknowledegements
181(1)
9 Appendix
182(2)
10 References
184(19)
Part 3 Improving photosynthesis: optimising chloroplast function/light conversion
8 Modifying photorespiration to optimize crop performance
203(20)
Xinyu Fu
Kaila Smith
Luke Gregory
Ludmila Roze
Berkley Walker
1 Introduction
203(1)
2 Photorespiration: the good, the bad and the inevitable
204(4)
3 Recent efforts to improve photorespiration
208(3)
4 How can photorespiration beat the heat?
211(2)
5 Photorespiration under non-steady-state conditions: could this improve carbon and nitrogen budgets?
213(2)
6 Conclusion
215(1)
7 Where to look for further information
215(1)
8 References
216(7)
9 Maximizing the efficiency of ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) regeneration to optimize photosynthesis in crops
223(26)
Thomas D. Sharkey
1 Introduction
223(1)
2 Component processes of photosynthesis
224(9)
3 Optimizing ribulose bisphosphate regeneration
233(6)
4 Examples of improving ribulose bisphosphate regeneration through engineering
239(2)
5 Conclusion
241(1)
6 Where to look for further information
241(1)
7 Acknowledgements
242(1)
8 References
242(7)
10 Improving proteins to optimize photosynthesis
249(28)
James V. Moroney
Ashwani K. Rai
Hiruni Weerasooriya
Remmy Kasili
Marylou Machingura
1 Introduction
249(3)
2 A general carbon dioxide concentrating mechanism model
252(5)
3 The envelope transporter-based strategy
257(2)
4 The thylakoid-based strategy
259(2)
5 The protopyrenoid-based strategy
261(2)
6 Pyrenoid-based strategy
263(1)
7 The carboxysome-based strategy
264(2)
8 Technical challenges: targeting inorganic carbon transporters
266(3)
9 Technical challenges: replacing and relocating carbonic anhydrases
269(2)
10 Conclusion and future trends
271(1)
11 Where to look for further information
272(1)
12 References
272(5)
Index 277
Dr Robert Sharwood is Senior Lecturer and Vice Chancellors Fellow in the Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment and the School of Science at Western Sydney University, Australia. He was formerly an ARC DECRA Fellow at the Australian National University. Dr Sharwood is internationally known for his research on understanding and improving photosynthetic biochemistry in plants to produce more resilient crops in the face of climate change.

Lisa Ainsworth is the Research Leader of the USDA ARS Global Change and Photosynthesis Research Unit and Professor of Plant Biology at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. She has held leadership roles in the American Society of Plant Biologists, the International Society for Photosynthesis Research and the American Association for the Advancement of Sciences. In 2019, Lisa was awarded the National Academy of Sciences Prize in Food and Agricultural Sciences and was an elected member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2020.
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