E-raamat: Unique U.S.-Russian Relationship in Biological Science and Biotechnology: Recent Experience and Future Directions

In the fall of 2010, the U.S. National Academies (consisting of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine) and the Russian Academy of Sciences (in cooperation with the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences and the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences) initiated a joint study of U.S.-Russian bilateral engagement in the biological sciences and biotechnology (hereinafter collectively referred to as bioengagement). The U.S. Department of State and the Russian Academy of Sciences provided support for the study. The academies established a joint committee of 12 leading scientists from the two countries to assess bioengagement activities since 1996 and to provide recommendations as to collaborative efforts in the near future. The Unique U.S.-Russian Relationship in Biological Science and Biotechnology: Recent Experience and Future Directions summarizes the principal conclusions and recommendations of the study.

Table of Contents



Front Matter Summary Introduction 1 Importance of U.S.-Russian Bioengagement 2 Ensuring Appropriate Use of Biological Assets 3 Advancing the Frontiers of Biological Research 4 Applications of Science in the Public and Private Sectors 5 Programs with Regional and Global Reaches 6 Impacts of Bilateral Programs and Projects 7 Impediments in Carrying Out Approved and Funded Collaborative Projects 8 Lessons Learned 9 Strategies and Coordination 10 Recommendations for Future Bioengagement Appendix A: Available Resources Appendix A.1: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members Appendix A.2: Relevant Reports of National Academies, Books, and Other Publications Appendix A.3: Organizations Consulted Appendix B: Examples of U.S.-Russian Agreements of Special Relevance for Bioengagement Appendix C: Activities in Bioengagement of Selected U.S. Government Departments and Agencies Appendix C.1: Department of State Appendix C.2: Defense Threat Reduction Agency Appendix C.3: Department of Energy Appendix C.4: Department of Health and Human Services (Biotechnology Engagement Program) Appendix C.5: National Institutes of Health Appendix C.6: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Appendix C.7: National Science Foundation Appendix C.8: United States Agency for International Development Appendix C.9: Environmental Protection Agency Appendix C.10: Agricultural Research Service Appendix C.11: Fish and Wildlife Service Appendix D: Interest of Selected Russian Research Institutions with Active Bioengagement Programs Appendix D.1: State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector Appendix D.2: All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology Appendix D.3: Research Institute of Influenza Appendix D.4: Selected Institutes of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Appendix E: Activities of Other Organizations Appendix E.1: Bilateral Presidential Commission Appendix E.2: International Science and Technology Center Appendix E.3: Skolkovo Foundation and Innovation Center Appendix E.4: Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Appendix E.5: Rusnano and Other Russian Investors Appendix F: Other Topics of Interest Appendix F.1: U.S.-Russian Joint Peer-Reviewed Articles, Reviews, and Conference Proceedings (At least one Russian and one American author) (20002012) Appendix F.2: Russian Research Personnel and Funding Appendix F.3: Russia's Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Sectors Appendix F.4: Assessment of Developments in Agrobiotechnology in the United States and Russia Appendix F.5: Scientific Forum for Biomedical and Behavioral Research Appendix F.6: Funding and Related Mechanisms