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E-raamat: Value in Business: A Holistic, Systems-based Approach to Creating and Achieving Value

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Value in Business: A Holistic, Systems-based Approach to Creating and Achieving ValueSuurem pilt
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This book uses a system-based approach to decipher and organize the concepts and conclusions relevant for creating and capturing value in business.  It develops a scientific theory based on systems science and logical reasoning that is commonly employed in mathematics and natural science. The resulting new theory focuses on the organizational nature of the world and the organic and holistic feature of human organizations and their interactions. To this end, this book identifies a few axioms, instead of empirical discoveries, on which it reliably constructs the entire theory.
1 Some Challenges Encountered in Value Creation and Capture
1(36)
1.1 Gaps in Literature this Book Attempts to Fill
1(10)
1.1.1 The Theoretical Foundation
2(1)
1.1.2 Understanding of Supply-Chain Ecosystems
3(2)
1.1.3 Development of Value-Chain Framework
5(2)
1.1.4 Studies of Consumer Value Propositions
7(1)
1.1.5 Comprehension of Manufacturing and Artificial Intelligence
8(2)
1.1.6 Understanding the Roles Government Policies and Supports Play
10(1)
1.2 Methodological Deficits of the Literature
11(9)
1.2.1 Construction and Development of Theories
11(2)
1.2.2 Language-and Calculus-Based Analysis and Reasoning
13(3)
1.2.3 Analysis and Reasoning Based on Methods of Microeconomics
16(2)
1.2.4 Empirical Analysis and Reasoning
18(2)
1.3 Need for Systems Thinking and Methodology
20(7)
1.3.1 Numbers and Numerical Variables
21(1)
1.3.2 Reflexive Relationship and Systems Science
22(2)
1.3.3 Systems Thinking and Methodology
24(3)
1.4 Organization of Contents in this Book
27(3)
References
30(7)
Part I Preparation
2 Introduction to Systems Research and Systemic Reasoning
37(20)
2.1 Systems: The Concept
37(5)
2.2 Systems: An Operational Definition
42(6)
2.3 Systemic Yoyo: The Intuition of General Systems
48(6)
2.4 A Few Remarks
54(1)
References
54(3)
3 Evolution of a Market of Free Competition: A Symbolic Approach
57(26)
3.1 Initial Emergence of a Market
58(5)
3.2 Mutual Forbearance of Incumbent Firms
63(4)
3.3 Interaction Between Newly Entering and Incumbent Firms
67(5)
3.4 Market Characteristics that Signal New Opportunities
72(5)
3.5 Final Words
77(1)
Appendix Bjerknes' Circulation Theorem
78(2)
References
80(3)
4 Axiomatization of the Resource View: The Firm and Markets
83(20)
4.1 Introduction
83(1)
4.2 Literature Review
84(3)
4.3 The Basic Axioms: The Starting Theoretical Points
87(2)
4.3.1 Axiom 4.1 (Resource Heterogeneity)
87(1)
4.3.2 Axiom 4.2 (Resource Immobility)
88(1)
4.3.3 Axiom 3 (Different Levels of Efficiency)
88(1)
4.4 Conditions that Lead to Sustainable Competitive Advantages
89(3)
4.5 Capabilities and Dynamic Capabilities
92(1)
4.6 Firms' Profitability, Market Share, and Return on Investment
93(5)
4.6.1 When Firms' Performance Can Be Enhanced
93(1)
4.6.2 Additional Advantages and New Markets
94(4)
4.7 A Few Final Words
98(1)
References
99(4)
5 Evolution of Resources: An Axiomatized Resource View
103(26)
5.1 Introduction
103(1)
5.2 Literature Review
104(4)
5.3 Preliminary Properties of Resources
108(3)
5.4 Capability Rigidity and Good Firm Performance
111(2)
5.5 Knowledge Competence, Technological Opportunism, and Innovativeness
113(1)
5.6 Interaction and Comparison of Resources
114(2)
5.7 Resources' Development and Decay
116(2)
5.8 Failures of Consistently Exploiting Resources
118(2)
5.9 A Few Final Words
120(1)
Appendix: Proofs of Theorems 5.1 and 5.2
121(2)
References
123(6)
Part II Demand- and Supply-Side Strategies
6 The Supply-Chain Ecosystem of a Firm
129(22)
6.1 Introduction
129(1)
6.2 Literature Review
130(3)
6.3 Preparation
133(2)
6.4 A Firm's Supply-Chain Ecosystem
135(5)
6.4.1 The Ecosystem and Its Systemic Intuition
135(2)
6.4.2 A Firm's Success and Challenge
137(3)
6.5 Learning Capability and Consequent Challenges
140(3)
6.6 A Few Final Words
143(2)
Appendix: Proof of Theorem 6.1
145(2)
References
147(4)
7 Upstream/Downstream Impacts on a Firm's Performance
151(20)
7.1 Introduction
151(1)
7.2 Literature Review
152(4)
7.3 Challenges Facing Upstream Firms
156(3)
7.4 Challenges Facing Downstream Enterprises
159(2)
7.5 Vertical Interdependence of a Supply-Chain Ecosystem
161(4)
7.6 A Few Final Words
165(2)
References
167(4)
8 Sufficient Conditions that Lead to Synergistic Innovations
171(20)
8.1 Introduction
171(1)
8.2 Literature Review
172(2)
8.3 Producer Side Synergistic Innovation
174(6)
8.3.1 Repeated Deployment of Resources
175(3)
8.3.2 Resources that Might Be Inconsistent
178(2)
8.4 Consumer Side Synergistic Innovations
180(4)
8.4.1 When Higher Fees Can Be Collected
180(3)
8.4.2 Achieving Growth and Good Performance Simultaneously
183(1)
8.5 A Few Final Words
184(1)
Appendix: Proof of Theorem 8.1
185(2)
References
187(4)
9 Consumer Synergies: Simultaneous Utilities and Multi-Sided Markets
191(26)
9.1 Introduction
191(1)
9.2 Literature Review
192(3)
9.3 Simultaneous Consumer Utilities
195(3)
9.4 Markets of Multiple Sides
198(3)
9.5 Ownership and Sustainability
201(3)
9.6 Mechanical Production of Synergistic Innovations
204(5)
9.7 A Few Final Words
209(2)
References
211(6)
Part III Value-Chain Framework
10 The Systemic, Hierarchical Structure of the Mind
217(22)
10.1 Introduction
218(1)
10.2 Literature Review
219(3)
10.3 Humans as Beings Oriented Towards Happiness
222(1)
10.4 Nonpositional Self-Awareness
223(2)
10.5 Imagination and Its Functions
225(2)
10.6 Conscience, Where Innate and Acquired Capabilities Integrate
227(2)
10.7 Free Will and Its Three Different Forms
229(2)
10.8 The Systemic Field of Human Cognition
231(3)
10.9 A Few Final Words
234(1)
References
234(5)
11 Preferred Taxonomies and Inclusive Classification of Consumers
239(20)
11.1 Introduction
239(2)
11.2 Literature Review
241(2)
11.3 Levels and Individual Preferences of Taxonomic Abstraction
243(3)
11.4 Classifying Consumer Differences Inclusively
246(7)
11.4.1 The Methodology Used Here
246(2)
11.4.2 Measurements
248(1)
11.4.3 Empirical Results
249(2)
11.4.4 Discussion
251(2)
11.5 A Few Final Words
253(1)
Appendix: Survey Instruments
254(1)
References
255(4)
12 Value Creation out of Innovation and Resources
259(18)
12.1 Introduction
259(1)
12.2 The Literature
260(1)
12.3 Preparation
261(2)
12.4 Value Creation out of Innovation and Resources
263(7)
12.4.1 Value Potentials of Innovation
263(4)
12.4.2 Value Potentials of Resources
267(3)
12.5 A Few Final Words
270(1)
Appendix: Proof of Theorem 12.1
271(2)
References
273(4)
13 Potentials of Value Capture and General Value-Chain Framework
277(22)
13.1 Introduction
277(1)
13.2 The Literature
278(2)
13.3 Market Forbearance and Network Structures
280(4)
13.4 Business Networks and Convenient Platforms
284(4)
13.5 Information and Emergence of Creative Destructions
288(1)
13.6 The General Value-Chain Framework
289(3)
13.7 A Few Final Words
292(1)
References
293(6)
Part IV Customer Values
14 When Effective Consumer Value Propositions Emerge
299(20)
14.1 Introduction
299(1)
14.2 Literature Review
300(1)
14.3 Modeling the General Customer Value Proposition
301(3)
14.4 A CVP's Effectiveness
304(7)
14.4.1 Value and Differentiation Based CVPs
305(2)
14.4.2 CVPs that Are Jointly Created
307(2)
14.4.3 Making an Adopted CVP Effective Internally
309(2)
14.5 Effectiveness Analysis of a Real-Life Case
311(3)
14.6 A Few Final Words
314(1)
References
315(4)
15 Values and Competitive Advantages Based on Customer Value Propositions
319(20)
15.1 Introduction
319(1)
15.2 Literature Review
320(1)
15.3 Competitive Advantages Attained from CVPs
321(5)
15.3.1 Association between CVPs and Macrolevel Operating Processes
322(3)
15.3.2 How a Company's Adopted CVP Affects Its Competitive Advantages
325(1)
15.4 Association between CVPs and Shareholder Values
326(4)
15.4.1 How CVPs Drive Shareholder Values
326(2)
15.4.2 Evaluating a CVP-Based Value Addition
328(2)
15.5 Signs, Risks, and Values of an Implemented CVP
330(3)
15.5.1 Signs of an Implemented CVP
330(1)
15.5.2 Risks and Values of an Implemented CVP
331(2)
15.6 A Few Final Words
333(2)
15.6.1 Recommendations for Decision-Makers
334(1)
15.6.2 What Opens for Future Research
334(1)
References
335(4)
16 Market-Sensing Capabilities and Their Vital Importance in Firm Performance
339(22)
16.1 Introduction
339(1)
16.2 Literature Review
340(2)
16.3 Why Is Market-Sensing Capability Important?
342(2)
16.4 Markets without Market-Level Growth: A Case Analysis
344(5)
16.5 Customer Relations and Crafts of CVPs: Additional Cases
349(5)
16.6 A Few Final Words
354(1)
References
355(6)
Part V Some Roles of Manufacturing and Artificial Intelligence
17 Manufacturing in Industrial Transformations
361(18)
17.1 Introduction
361(3)
17.2 Literature Review
364(1)
17.3 Feedback between Markets and Manufacturing
365(5)
17.4 The Launch of a Self-Sustaining Growth
370(3)
17.5 A Few Final Words
373(2)
References
375(4)
18 How Artificial Intelligence Affects Technological Innovations
379(24)
18.1 Introduction
379(2)
18.2 Elementary Empirical Observations
381(2)
18.3 Influence of Artificial Intelligence on Technological Innovations
383(9)
18.3.1 The Concept of Technological Innovation
384(2)
18.3.2 Artificial Intelligence Quickens Knowledge Creation
386(2)
18.3.3 Spillover Effects of Artificial Intelligence
388(1)
18.3.4 Artificial Intelligence Improves Learning and Absorption Capabilities
389(2)
18.3.5 Artificial Intelligence Increases Investments in R&D and Talents
391(1)
18.4 An Empirical Case Analysis
392(2)
18.4.1 The Model, Variables, and Data
392(1)
18.4.2 Results of Empirical Analysis
393(1)
18.5 A Few Final Words
394(2)
References
396(7)
Part VI Government Policies and Supports
19 How the Government Can Help Stimulate Economic Growth
403(22)
19.1 Introduction
403(1)
19.2 Literature Review
404(2)
19.3 The Mechanism through Which Policy Tools Potentially Work
406(8)
19.3.1 The Economy: Seen Systemically
406(3)
19.3.2 Why Is Government Important?
409(3)
19.3.3 When Will Policy Tools Actually Work?
412(2)
19.4 Why Are Governmental Policies and Supports Practically Needed?
414(6)
19.4.1 Systemic Threads within a Supply-Chain Ecosystem
414(3)
19.4.2 Momentum of Economic Growth: How to Sustain It
417(3)
19.5 A Few Final Words
420(2)
References
422(3)
20 When Government Policies Improve Firm Performance
425(18)
20.1 Introduction
425(2)
20.2 Literature Review
427(1)
20.3 How Government Policies Affect Market Competition
428(6)
20.3.1 Potentials for Improving Firm Performance
429(3)
20.3.2 Potentials of Government Policies
432(2)
20.4 An Empirical Confirmation
434(3)
20.4.1 Source of Data and Econometric Model
434(2)
20.4.2 A Statistics-Based Analysis
436(1)
20.5 A Few Final Words
437(1)
References
438(5)
Afterword: Need for a Multi-Approach Methodology and Economic Induction 443(22)
Bibliography 465(34)
Index 499
Jeffrey Yi-Lin Forrest is Professor in the Department of Accounting, Economics and Finance at Slipper Rock University (Pennsylvania, USA). His research interests are mainly in the area of systems research and applications in a wide-ranging number of disciplines of the traditional science, such as mathematical modeling, foundations of mathematics, data analysis, theory and methods of predictions of disastrous natural events, economics and finance, management science, philosophy of science, etc.





 





Yong Liu is Professor in the School of Business at Jiangnan University (China). He has published over 60 research papers in many international journals in the areas of science and technology management. 
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