This Guide is based on several decades of author’s research and practical experience in the areas of process optimization, ventilation and energy conservation in welding shops of auto manufacturing and maintenance facilities. The Guide will describe principles of Weld Fume Control, advanced ventilation systems for facilities with welding and allied processes and with energy conservation opportunities that result from the process related measures to reduce emission of fumes and gases and the building envelope improvements. The objectives of the Guide are to improve the health and safety in the industrial environment and offer strategies for energy conservation. The Guide is designed for engineers, production operators and energy managers.
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3.2 Indoor Air Temperature, Relative Humidity, and Velocity |
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3.3 Productivity and Thermal Comfort |
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3.4 Supply and Exhausted Air Rates |
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3.6 Air Distribution Method Selection |
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3.7 HVAC Equipment Selection |
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4 Processes and Contaminant Generation in Welding Shops |
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4.1 Shop Heating from Welding Processes |
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6.1 Principles of Ventilation |
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6.2 Local Exhaust Ventilation |
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6.4 Supply Air Distribution |
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6.5 Ventilation Rates, Contaminant and Heat Removal Efficiency |
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6.6 Return (Recirculating) Air and Energy Recovery from Exhaust Air |
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6.6.1 Outside and Recirculating Air Flow |
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6.6.2 Requirements for Recirculating Air Cleanliness |
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6.7.1 Collector Selection |
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6.7.2 Cartridge Collectors |
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6.7.3 Electrostatic Precipitators |
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6.7.6 Safe Handling and Disposal of Collectors |
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6.7.7 Special Requirements to Duct Selection and Design |
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6.8 Some Ventilation System Design Cases (Reproduced from Zhivov 1993) |
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7.1 Process Related Measures to Reduce Fume Emission Rates |
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7.2 Local/Process Ventilation |
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7.2.1 Stationary vs. Flexible Hoods |
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7.2.2 Demand-Based Local Exhausts |
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7.3.1 Building Air Tightness |
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7.3.2 Sealing and Insulating Window Areas |
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7.3.3 Building Protection From Warm and Cold Air Drafts Through Large Doors and Other Apertures |
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7.3.4 High-Speed Roller Doors for Large Openings |
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7.4.1 Ventilation Air Preheating in Transpired Solar Collector |
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7.4.2 High Temperature Radiant Heaters |
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Dr. Alexander Zhivov is a senior research engineer at the Engineer Research and Development Center Construction Engineering Research Laboratory. He holds a Ph.D. degree in mechanical engineering from the Central Research and Experimental Design Institute for Industrial Buildings, Moscow and the Research Institute for Labor Protection, Leningrad, and an MBA degree from University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Throughout his carrier he worked as a senior engineer in Industrial Ventilation Design Institute in Leningrad, conducted research in the area of air and contaminant distribution in industrial spaces, studied and designed innovative industrial ventilation systems at the Central Research and Experimental Design Institute in Moscow and at the Research Institute for Labor Protection in Leningrad, he was a co-founder and between 1989-1991 was a general manager of the Soviet-Swedish joint venture SOVPLYM that develops, designs manufactures and installs industrial ventilation systems focusing on welding and auto-repair/manufacturing shops.
Between 1991 and 2003 he was a visiting, adjunct and assistant professor at the Bioenvironmental Engineering Research Laboratory at the University of Illinois in Urbana-Champaign, Illinois. During 1996 and 2003 Dr. Zhivov served as a chairman of the International Task Force Ventilation for Automotive Industry and significantly contributed to the Industrial Ventilation Design Guidebook developed by a group of international experts and published by Academic Press in 2001.
Since 2003 Dr. Zhivov joined the US Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory in Champaign, Illinois, where he is responsible for Army-wide facilities energy strategic planning leading to implementation of new HVAC systems, distributed generation technologies, renewable energy, heating plant modernizations, building commissioning processes, and modeling and analysis tools for installation operations. He develops the framework and concepts of a secure, reliable, and efficient Army installation energy strategy and supporting implementation programs.
Dr. Zhivov is an Operating Agent for the International Energy Agency ECB Program Annex 73 Towards Net Zero Energy Public Resilient Communities. Prior to that he served as an Operating Agent for the Annex 46 Holistic Assessment Tool-kit on Energy Efficient Retrofit Measures for Government Buildings EnERGo and Annex 61 Business and Technical concepts for Deep Energy Retrofit of Public Buildings.
Dr. Zhivov is a Fellow and Life member of the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers, a member of the American Welding Society (AWS), and a founding member of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate (ISIAQ). He has authored more than 250 books and technical papers. He is contributor to National and International Ventilation Guides, i.e. American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Handbook of Applications 1993, 1995 and 1999, ASHRAE Standard 100 Energy Efficiency in existing Buildings, American Welding Society (AWS) /ANSI Ventilation Guide 2001.
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