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E-raamat: Voicing Code in STEM

  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 09-Mar-2021
  • Kirjastus: MIT Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780262361903
  • Formaat - EPUB+DRM
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  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 09-Mar-2021
  • Kirjastus: MIT Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780262361903

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An exploration of coding that investigates the interplay between computational abstractions and the fundamentally interpretive nature of human experience.

The importance of coding in K-12 classrooms has been taken up by both scholars and educators. Voicing Code in STEM offers a new way to think about coding in the classroom--one that goes beyond device-level engagement to consider the interplay between computational abstractions and the fundamentally interpretive nature of human experience. Building on Mikhail Bakhtin's notions of heterogeneity and heteroglossia, the authors explain how STEM coding can be understood as voicing computational utterances, rather than a technocentric framing of building computational artifacts. Empirical chapters illustrate this theoretical stance by investigating different framings of coding as voicing.
List of Figures
xi
List of Tables
xiii
Acknowledgments xv
1 Beyond Technocentrism: Coding as Experience
1(22)
1.1 Setting the Stage
1(2)
1.2 A Two-Part Argument against Technocentrism
3(4)
1.3 Toward a Critical Phenomenology of Coding
7(8)
1.3.1 The Phenomenological Turn: Beyond Symbolic Generalizability
7(5)
1.3.2 Critical and Historical Concerns
12(3)
1.4 Epilogue: Notes on Situatedness, Epistemology, and Methodology
15(8)
2 A Dialogical Imagination of Coding in STEM
23(18)
2.1 Motivation: From Situatedness to Computational Heterogeneity
23(1)
2.2 Voicing Code in STEM: A Dialogical Imagination
24(11)
2.2.1 The Anchor: Voice as Heterogeneity
24(2)
2.2.2 Dialogical Lenses for Modeling Heterogeneity
26(9)
2.3 Epilogue: In Defense of Heterogeneity
35(6)
2.3.1 A Critique of Authoritarian Voice
35(1)
2.3.2 A Turn Toward Critical Phenomenology
36(5)
3 Coding and Modeling as Perspectival Work
41(22)
3.1 Introduction
41(1)
3.2 Background: Role of Perspectives in Agent-Based Computing
42(2)
3.3 The Context
44(1)
3.4 Unit of Analysis: Perspectives
45(1)
3.5 Episode 1: Shift to the Agent Perspective
46(2)
3.6 Episode 2: Teaching as Perspectival Prompts
48(2)
3.7 Episode 3: Teaching as Perspectival Comparisons
50(2)
3.8 Episode 4: Meaning as Perspectival Coherence
52(3)
3.9 Reflections
55(3)
3.9.1 Coding Science as Perspectival Thinking
55(1)
3.9.2 Theory into Action: Implications for Design
56(2)
3.10 Epilogue: Role of Perspectives beyond the Agent-Based Paradigm
58(5)
4 Addressivity in Computational Design
63(24)
4.1 Beyond Individualist Notions of Competence
63(1)
4.2 From Artifacts to Utterances: Intersubjectivity, Addressivity, and Publicness
64(1)
4.3 Being in the World and Designing for Others
65(4)
4.3.1 Intersubjectivity and Collaboration
65(3)
4.3.2 Addressivity in Designing for Authentic Users
68(1)
4.4 The Study
69(3)
4.4.1 The Setting
69(1)
4.4.2 The Sequence of Activities
70(1)
4.4.3 Data and Analysis
71(1)
4.5 Finding: The Shift from Being the User to Being "with" the User
72(11)
4.5.1 Being the User (UT1)
72(2)
4.5.2 The Heterogeneity of Trouble
74(2)
4.5.3 Being with the User (UT2)
76(3)
4.5.4 User Guides as Computational Utterances
79(4)
4.6 Epilogue: Publicness and the Computational Utterance
83(4)
5 Recontextualization and Transitional Othering
87(34)
5.1 Sociopolitical Emergence and the Need for a Critical Computing Education
87(2)
5.2 What Does Ethnocentrism Model?
89(3)
5.2.1 Amplifications and Omissions
89(1)
5.2.2 Learning with Flawed Models
90(2)
5.3 Deeper into Modeling Ethnocentrism
92(5)
5.3.1 Abstractions in Coding Ethnocentrism
92(3)
5.3.2 Ethnocentrism as Emergence
95(2)
5.4 Grounding Computational Emergence Critically
97(4)
5.4.1 Abstractions as Recontextualization: A View from Computational Science
97(3)
5.4.2 Recontextualization as Transitional Othering
100(1)
5.5 Designing for Transitional Othering
101(3)
5.5.1 Setting and Tools
101(2)
5.5.2 Analysis
103(1)
5.6 The Experience of Recontextualization and Transitional Othering
104(9)
5.6.1 Early Noticings: The Dominance of Ethnocentrism
104(2)
5.6.2 Recontextualized Noticings: Clustering, Contrasts, the Self, and the Other
106(3)
5.6.3 Recontextualizing as Modeling the Past and the Future
109(4)
5.7 Discussion
113(8)
5.7.1 Projectivity and Transitional Othering
113(2)
5.7.2 Transitional Othering as Critical Discourse
115(6)
6 Computational Heterogeneity and Teacher Voice
121(44)
6.1 Introduction
121(1)
6.2 Background
122(6)
6.2.1 Computational Heterogeneity and Science Education
122(2)
6.2.2 Discourse and Teacher Voice in Educational Computing
124(2)
6.2.3 Norms and the Culture of Modeling
126(2)
6.3 The Setting: Emma's Classrooms in Year 1 and Year 2
128(1)
6.4 The Learning Activities
128(3)
6.5 Data and Analysis
131(2)
6.6 Year 1: Voicing Code Using Circulating References
133(14)
6.6.1 Vignette 1: Squares, Loops, and Multiplicative Reasoning
133(2)
6.6.2 Vignette 2: Loops, Turns, and Closed Shapes
135(5)
6.6.3 Vignette 3: Mathematically Grounding Scientific Code
140(7)
6.7 Growth in Computational Thinking in Year 1
147(1)
6.8 Continuity, Heterogeneity, and Multivoicing as Emergent Tensions in Year 1
148(2)
6.9 Year 2: Amplifying Transformations across Circulating References
150(7)
6.9.1 Vignette 1: Watching Videos, Noticing Error, and Modeling with Loops
150(2)
6.9.2 Vignette 2: Flagging Videos and Modeling Friction
152(5)
6.10 Growth in Students' Computational Expressivity in Year 2
157(2)
6.11 Epilogue: Coding as Circulating Reference
159(6)
7 Coding as Aesthetic Experience
165(26)
7.1 Aesthetic Experience and Views from the Margin
165(2)
7.2 Countering Pedagogical Homogeneity and Disciplinary Masculinity
167(4)
7.3 Case 1: Shenice's Cross
171(8)
7.3.1 Shenice's First Cross
172(1)
7.3.2 The Cross as a Model of Constant Speed
173(1)
7.3.3 Modeling Constant Acceleration
174(2)
7.3.4 Analytic Summary
176(3)
7.4 Case 2: Ariana and Matt's "Thomas"
179(5)
7.4.1 Setting the Stage
179(1)
7.4.2 Care and Humor in Drawing "Thomas"
180(3)
7.4.3 Analytic Summary
183(1)
7.5 Epilogue: A Critical Aesthetics of Coding
184(7)
8 Computational Heterogeneity: A Radical Reflection
191(20)
8.1 Computational Heterogeneity: A View beyond Binaries
191(2)
8.2 Advancing Critical Phenomenology
193(2)
8.3 Forms of Computational Heterogeneity
195(6)
8.3.1 Perspectival Heterogeneity in Coding Science
195(1)
8.3.2 Experiencing Abstractions as Recontextualization
196(1)
8.3.3 Alterity and Addressivity in Computational Design
197(1)
8.3.4 Mathematizing: Computational Heterogeneity and Teacher Voice
198(1)
8.3.5 Relational Work: A Critical Aesthetics of Coding
199(1)
8.3.6 Voicing Code as Transitional Othering and Recontextualization
200(1)
8.4 Epilogue: Lessons for Avoiding Technocentrism
201(10)
8.4.1 Lesson 1: Worldliness Beyond Microworlds (and Microcontrollers)
202(2)
8.4.2 Lesson 2: Data as Trouble
204(1)
8.4.3 Lesson 3: Code as a Boundary Layer
205(6)
Index 211