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E-raamat: Wealth Creation without Pollution - Designing for Industry, Ecobusiness Parks and Industrial Estates

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  • ISBN-13: 9781780408347
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Wealth Creation without Pollution - Designing for Industry, Ecobusiness Parks and Industrial EstatesSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 15-Nov-2017
  • Kirjastus: IWA Publishing
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781780408347
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The development of eco-industrial parks and associated ‘ecological industry’ concepts offer progressive integrated approaches to resolve pollution problems from effluents and wastes of all kinds. Most industry however is now located in business parks and industrial estates, with relatively few industries having direct discharges of process effluents to the water environment. But that does not mean no pollution. Many of these estates are very large, with many companies of all kinds spread over extensive areas. All have surface water drainage and stormwater runoff is often contaminated by many diffuse sources. Wealth Creation without Pollution is the culmination of several years of deliberations by academics and regulators, engaging with industrial and commercial sectors to characterise and quantify environmental problems and identify best practice solutions. Equally important have been efforts to explore sufficiently flexible regulatory regimes that offer effective means to prevent pollution and achieve good working environments in which industry and commerce can flourish. This book explores how modern industries are striving towards more sustainable practices, with case studies of impacts and of greener industry practices, as well as philosophical and policy papers. The role of regulators, planners and government in fostering a greener industrial base is also examined. Wealth Creation without Pollution is a valuable text book for environmental science and engineering students, and a useful resource for industrial architects, developers and practitioners.
Sponsors xviii
List of Chemical Symbols and Standard Acronyms xix
Preface xxiii
Foreword from Vince Cable xxv
Foreword from South Korea xxvii
Chapter 1 Industrial pollution and the water environment: a historical perspective 1(24)
B.J. D'Arcy
L.H. Kim
Peter Morrison
1.1 Introduction
1(4)
1.2 Industrial Effluent Discharges
5(6)
1.2.1 Industrial effluents
5(2)
1.2.2 Mining industry
7(1)
1.2.3 Effluent impacts case study: The River Mersey Bird Mortality
7(4)
1.3 Industrial Complexes - Point Source and Diffuse Pollution
11(2)
1.3.1 Drainage from industrial districts
11(1)
1.3.2 Major accidents and other industrial incidents
12(1)
1.4 Diffuse Sources of Pollution
13(5)
1.4.1 Diffuse pollution at point of manufacture or processing
13(2)
1.4.2 Industrial products causing pollution at point of use
15(3)
1.5 Discussion
18(2)
1.6 Conclusions
20(1)
1.7 Acknowledgements
21(1)
References
21(4)
Chapter 2 Accidents and pollution: industry impacts 25(12)
Paul T.C. Harrison
Brian J. D'Arcy
2.1 Introduction
25(1)
2.2 Catastrophic Episodes
26(3)
2.2.1 Seveso, Italy
26(1)
2.2.2 Bhopal, India
27(1)
2.2.3 Sweizerhalle, Switzerland - the Rhine Incident
28(1)
2.2.4 Tianjin, China
29(1)
2.3 Chronic Pollution Impacts
29(3)
2.3.1 Hinkley, California
29(1)
2.3.2 Love Canal, USA
30(1)
2.3.3 Minamata and Niigata, Japan
31(1)
2.3.4 Toyama Prefecture, Japan
32(1)
2.4 Discussion
32(1)
2.5 Conclusions
33(2)
References
35(2)
Chapter 3 Industrial estates as sources of water pollution 37(16)
Lee-Hyung Kim
Brian J. D'Arcy
Marta Ibanez
Marla Maniquiz-Redillas
3.1 Introduction
37(4)
3.1.1 Definitions
37(1)
3.1.2 Pollution sources and importance
38(3)
3.2 Case Study (1) NW England & Wales
41(4)
3.2.1 Sources and pathways - Industrial estate surveys in Merseyside
41(3)
3.2.2 Deepols - potable water supplies at risk
44(1)
3.3 Case Study (2) Daegu, Korea
45(2)
3.4 Discussion
47(2)
3.4.1 Oil
47(1)
3.4.2 Seasonality and diffuse pollution characteristics
48(1)
3.5 Conclusions
49(1)
References
50(3)
Chapter 4 Risk assessments - trader activities and water pollution 53(12)
Zorica Todorovic
Arthur Thornton
4.1 Introduction
53(1)
4.2 Trader Activities and Pollution Risks
54(4)
4.2.1 Activities and pollution risks - desktop study
54(1)
4.2.2 Prioritisation of risk areas
55(2)
4.2.3 Verification through site visits
57(1)
4.3 Normalisation of Risks
58(1)
4.4 Derived Site Management Responses for the Identified Residual Risks
59(1)
4.4.1 Surface Water Action Plan
59(1)
4.4.2 SUDS retrofit measures
60(1)
4.5 Relative Contribution to Wider Catchment Pollution
60(2)
4.6 Conclusions
62(1)
References
62(3)
Chapter 5 Green industry concept and practices 65(10)
Lee-Hyung Kim
Marla C. Maniquiz-Redillas
5.1 Sustainable Development Goals and Sustainable Industry
65(1)
5.2 Green Industry Concept
66(2)
5.3 Green Industry Practices
68(5)
5.3.1 Environmental accounting (EA)
68(1)
5.3.2 Eco-industrial park (EIP)
69(2)
5.3.3 Stormwater management
71(2)
5.4 Conclusions
73(1)
References
74(1)
Chapter 6 The restructuring of industrial estates in the Netherlands: The use of a new decision support model for a process analysis of the inner harbor area of Enschede 75(14)
Kjell-Erik Bugge
6.1 A Major Challenge for Society
75(2)
6.2 A 'Real Life' Example: Restructuring of an Industrial Estate in the Harbor of the City of Enschede
77(1)
6.2.1 A brief introduction to the city and the industrial estate
77(1)
6.2.2 A growing sense of a need to act, and the first restructuring activities
77(1)
6.2.3 Lack of progress and desired results
77(1)
6.3 Developing an Overview and an Understanding: A Question-Based Process Decision Support Model
78(2)
6.3.1 Complex decision-making taking place in arenas
78(1)
6.3.2 A process model for supporting practitioners in their decision-making
78(2)
6.4 The Application of the Decision Support Model to the Inner Harbor Area of Enschede
80(4)
6.4.1 Initial design should focus on interests and involvement of actors
80(1)
6.4.2 Outcomes of the first session: Rich information, but lack of completeness and overview
81(1)
6.4.3 Bridging the sessions: Redesign according to need
82(1)
6.4.4 Outcomes of the second session: Commitment remains the key issue
82(1)
6.4.5 Bridging the sessions: Addressing changed priorities
83(1)
6.4.6 Final outcomes
83(1)
6.5 Lessons Learned
84(3)
6.5.1 1st lesson learned: Focus on motives, and do not forget the impact of a 'common history'
85(1)
6.5.2 2nd lesson learned: Balance the need for progress and the need for open discussion
85(1)
6.5.3 3rd lesson learned: Use time-pressure as an incentive for efficiency and to-the-point outcomes
86(1)
6.5.4 4th lesson learned: Combining the roles of researcher and moderator: effective, but not without risks
86(1)
6.5.5 5th lesson learned: Adapt decision-support to fit the specific situation
86(1)
6.6 Some Brief Reflections on Future Needs for a More Sustainable Development of Industrial Estates
87(1)
References
88(1)
Chapter 7 Eco-innovation opportunities in the waste management sector in Scotland 89(10)
Juliette O'Keeffe
7.1 Introduction
89(3)
7.1.1 About industrial symbiosis
90(1)
7.1.2 The eco-industrial park concept
91(1)
7.2 Case Study: Industrial Symbiosis and Eco-Park Development in East Scotland
92(5)
7.2.1 Background to ACE eco-partnerships
92(1)
7.2.2 Scoping for retrofit EIP development potential on existing industrial estates
92(1)
7.2.3 Scoping for potential EIP on new sites, or single tenant sites
93(4)
7.3 Discussion
97(1)
7.4 Conclusion
98(1)
References
98(1)
Chapter 8 Green industrial park practice: A case study of green infrastructure in Wenling, China 99(10)
Nian She
Jiang Zhao
Minhua Zhao
Wei Wu
8.1 Introduction
99(1)
8.2 Background
100(2)
8.2.1 Water shortage - the bottleneck for the development of Wenling new district
101(1)
8.3 A Solution - Green Stormwater Infrastructure
102(4)
8.3.1 Detention facilities
103(1)
8.3.2 Bioretention
103(3)
8.3.3 Rainwater harvesting
106(1)
8.4 Conclusions
106(1)
References
107(2)
Chapter 9 Drainage infrastructure for industrial and commercial premises, estates and business parks 109(26)
B.J. D'Arcy
N. McLean
L.H. Kim
C. Pittner
9.1 Introduction
109(1)
9.2 Sustainable Drainage Technology
110(13)
9.2.1 Bringing various objectives into a single technology
110(1)
9.2.2 SUDS in relation to industrial estates
111(2)
9.2.3 Example SUDS features
113(10)
9.3 Other Drainage Features
123(2)
9.3.1 Inspection chambers
123(1)
9.3.2 Silt traps and oil interceptors
124(1)
9.3.3 Packaged filtration units and vortex separators
124(1)
9.4 Infrastructure Strategy
125(4)
9.4.1 Water quality and pollution risks for industrial premises and estates
125(1)
9.4.2 Spatial application of SUDS
125(3)
9.4.3 Treatment capability
128(1)
9.5 Discussion
129(1)
9.5.1 Treatment trains
129(1)
9.5.2 Compromise or lateral thinking
130(1)
9.5.3 Technology development for managing design and construction risks
130(1)
9.5.4 Catchment initiatives and retrofits
130(1)
9.6 Conclusions
130(2)
9.7 Acknowledgements
132(1)
References
132(3)
Chapter 10 Low impact development features: hydrological and environmental effects 135(18)
Marla C. Maniquiz-Redillas
Lee-Hyung Kim
10.1 Introduction
135(3)
10.2 Low Impact Development (LID)
138(8)
10.2.1 Principles and goals
138(2)
10.2.2 Integrated management practices (IMPs) for LID
140(2)
10.2.3 Sizing criteria of LID facility
142(3)
10.2.4 Pretreatment and sediment control
145(1)
10.3 Hydrological and Environmental Effects
146(4)
10.3.1 Changes of water quality and runoff flow after LID application
146(1)
10.3.2 Effect on the volume reduction after LID application
147(1)
10.3.3 Effect on the pollutant reduction after LID application
147(2)
10.3.4 Ancillary effects and benefits of LID application
149(1)
10.4 Conclusion
150(1)
References
150(3)
Chapter 11 The application of sustainable drainage technology: challenges and solutions 153(18)
C. Pittner
N.S. Campbell
H. Sommer
H. Sieker
B.J. D'Arcy
11.1 Introduction
153(1)
11.2 Three European Case Studies
154(1)
11.3 Engineering Considerations
154(9)
11.3.1 J4M8 Distribution park, near Bathgate, West Lothian
154(5)
11.3.2 Dunfermline east expansion site, Dunfermline, Scotland UK
159(1)
11.3.3 Hoppegarten industrial estate, near Berlin, Germany
160(3)
11.4 Discussion
163(4)
11.4.1 Biodiversity or simply effective drainage
163(1)
11.4.2 Keeping to a strategic plan
163(1)
11.4.3 Risks of failures on early application of new ideas
164(2)
11.4.4 Multiple benefits from the SUDS features
166(1)
11.5 Conclusions
167(1)
References
167(1)
Appendix: Photographs of the Three Case Study Sites
168(3)
Chapter 12 Maintenance requirements for stormwater management facilities 171(22)
Marla C. Maniquiz-Redillas
Brian J. D'Arcy
Lee Hyung Kim
12.1 Introduction
171(2)
12.2 Maintenance Requirements
173(2)
12.3 Maintenance Considerations
175(2)
12.4 Examples of Actual Maintenance Activities
177(13)
12.4.1 Small scale: Kongju National University campus, Cheonan, South Korea
177(4)
12.4.2 Medium scale: Sejong City, Korea
181(3)
12.4.3 Medium to large scale
184(6)
12.5 Discussion
190(1)
12.6 Conclusion
190(1)
References
191(2)
Chapter 13 The Interaction between the EU Industrial Emissions and Water Framework Directives with particular emphasis on industrial estates 193(12)
Andrew Farmer
13.1 Introduction
193(1)
13.2 The Industrial Emissions Directive
193(2)
13.3 Requirements for Measures to be Adopted Under the Water Framework Directive
195(2)
13.4 Interaction between the IED and WFD
197(2)
13.5 Integrated Regulation for an Industrial Estate
199(1)
13.6 Constraints and Opportunities for Integrated Regulation of Estates
200(1)
13.7 Other Instruments to Improve Performance of Industrial Estates
201(1)
13.8 Conclusions
202(1)
13.9 Acknowledgements
203(1)
References
204(1)
Chapter 14 The regulatory regime for bringing SUDS into routine use for industrial estates and business parks in Scotland, UK 205(14)
Brian J. D'Arcy
Andrew Hemingway
14.1 Introduction to the Problem
205(2)
14.2 The Basis of the Regulatory Approach
207(2)
14.3 Results
209(5)
14.3.1 Legislation in Scotland and SUDS technology
209(2)
14.3.2 Implementation of the Water Framework Directive in Scotland
211(2)
14.3.3 Design and construction
213(1)
14.3.4 Managing flood risk
213(1)
14.4 Discussion
214(1)
14.4.1 Enforcement
214(1)
14.4.2 The relationship between statutes and policy
214(1)
14.4.3 How to achieve multiple benefits from SUDS technology?
215(1)
14.4.4 Sector engagement and economic drivers
215(1)
14.5 Conclusions
215(1)
14.6 Acknowledgements
216(1)
References
216(1)
Appendix
217(2)
Chapter 15 Regulatory regimes for diffuse pollution and industrial estates in Korea 219(10)
Lee-Hyung Kim
15.1 Introduction
219(2)
15.2 Comprehensive Measures for NPS Pollution Management
221(1)
15.3 Regulatory Regime for Diffuse Pollution Management in Industrial Areas
222(6)
15.3.1 Fundamental act of water cycle
222(1)
15.3.2 Total pollutant load management system (TPLMS)
223(1)
15.3.3 Reporting system of NPS management facility
224(1)
15.3.4 NPS control area designation system
224(1)
15.3.5 Biotope and ecological area secure system
225(1)
15.3.6 Buffer storage basin development system
226(1)
15.3.7 Eco-industrial park (EIP)
226(1)
15.3.8 Integrated environmental management system
226(1)
15.3.9 Low impact development (LID) manual for EIA
227(1)
15.3.10 Restoration of water circulation and NPS management projects
227(1)
15.4 Conclusion
228(1)
References
228(1)
Chapter 16 Evaluating performance of proprietary and conventional urban storm water management systems 229(8)
James H. Lenhart
16.1 Introduction
229(1)
16.2 Core Issues
230(1)
16.3 Existing Programs in the United States
231(2)
16.4 Methods for Assessment and Evaluating Results
233(1)
16.5 Discussion
234(1)
16.6 Conclusions
235(1)
References
235(2)
Chapter 17 An integrated approach for pollution prevention on industrial premises 237(22)
Brian J. D'Arcy
Vicki Taylor
17.1 Evolution of Pollution Prevention Approaches
237(1)
17.2 How to Achieve Compliance with Effluent Discharge Limits?
238(1)
17.2.1 Process control
238(1)
17.3 Site Risk Assessment and Management Strategy
239(5)
17.3.1 Drainage details
240(1)
17.3.2 Potential pollutants
241(1)
17.3.3 Contacts, consequences and responsibilities
242(2)
17.4 Oil Pollution
244(4)
17.4.1 Oil pollution risks at point of consumption or use
244(1)
17.4.2 Pollution sources for significant spills and leaks
244(3)
17.4.3 Oil production, storage and distribution depots
247(1)
17.5 Chemicals, Toxic Metals and Other Pollutants
248(1)
17.6 Food and Drinks Industry
249(1)
17.7 Drainage Misconnections
249(1)
17.8 Wastes
250(1)
17.9 Capturing Pollutants within the Drainage System
251(1)
17.10 Contingency Planning
251(1)
17.11 Discussion
252(2)
17.12 Conclusions
254(1)
References
254(2)
Appendix
256(3)
Chapter 18 Product substitution - addressing the challenge of hazardous priority pollutants 259(12)
J.B. Ellis
B.J. D'Arcy
18.1 Introduction
259(5)
18.2 Cadmium Case Study
264(2)
18.3 Product Substitution and Sustainable Drainage Technology
266(1)
18.4 Discussion
267(1)
18.5 Conclusion
268(1)
References
268(3)
Chapter 19 Taking a more holistic approach to reduce diffuse industrial stormwater pollution: The Kingston Case Study (Australia) 271(12)
Tony Barrett
Peter Morison
19.1 Background
271(4)
19.1.1 A diverse city
271(1)
19.1.2 A city-wide commitment to a water sensitive future
271(2)
19.1.3 Industrial diversity
273(1)
19.1.4 Industrial stormwater quality
274(1)
19.1.5 The source of industrial diffuse pollution
275(1)
19.2 Opportunities for New and Redeveloped Industrial Buildings
275(3)
19.2.1 Engaging with developers
276(1)
19.2.2 Best practice site layout
276(2)
19.3 Opportunities at Existing Industrial Precincts
278(2)
19.3.1 Engaging with business operators
278(2)
19.3.2 Retrofitting for change
280(1)
References
280(3)
Chapter 20 Beyond legislation - working together to protect the water environment 283(12)
Phil Chatfield
Lian Lundy
20.1 Introduction
283(1)
20.2 Why Work Together?
284(2)
20.3 Building and Working in Partnership
286(1)
20.4 Case Study Examples
287(5)
20.4.1 Oil Care Campaign
287(1)
20.4.2 Pollution Prevention Pays
288(2)
20.4.3 The Voluntary Initiative (reducing the environmental impacts of pesticides)
290(1)
20.4.4 The Graphics business sector, Denmark
291(1)
20.5 Conclusions
292(1)
References
292(3)
Index 295
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