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ix | |
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xi | |
About the Author |
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xii | |
Preface |
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xiii | |
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1 | (18) |
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1.1 The web: technology, history and governance |
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1 | (4) |
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1.2 Examples of online computer-mediated interaction |
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5 | (2) |
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1.3 Cyberspace, virtual communities and online social networks |
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7 | (6) |
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8 | (2) |
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1.3.2 Virtual communities |
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10 | (2) |
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1.3.3 Online social networks |
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12 | (1) |
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1.4 Disciplinary approaches to researching the web |
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13 | (3) |
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1.5 Construct validity of web data |
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16 | (1) |
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1.6 Shaping force or social tool? |
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16 | (1) |
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17 | (2) |
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I WEB SOCIAL SCIENCE METHODS |
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19 | (76) |
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2 Online research methods |
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21 | (27) |
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2.1 Dimensions and modes of online research |
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21 | (4) |
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25 | (6) |
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26 | (1) |
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2.2.2 Types of Internet surveys |
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27 | (1) |
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2.2.3 Online surveys: process and ethics |
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28 | (1) |
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2.2.4 Online survey example: election studies and election polls |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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2.3 Online interviews and focus groups |
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31 | (4) |
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2.3.1 Types of online interviews |
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31 | (1) |
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2.3.2 Online interviews: process and ethics |
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32 | (1) |
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2.3.3 Online focus groups |
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33 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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35 | (5) |
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2.4.1 Quantitative web content analysis |
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35 | (3) |
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2.4.2 Qualitative web content analysis |
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38 | (2) |
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2.4.3 Web content used in data preparation |
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40 | (1) |
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2.5 Social media network analysis |
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40 | (1) |
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40 | (1) |
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2.6.1 Online laboratory experiments |
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40 | (1) |
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2.6.2 Online field experiments |
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41 | (1) |
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2.6.3 Online natural experiments |
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41 | (1) |
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2.7 Online field research |
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41 | (2) |
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2.8 Digital trace data: ethics |
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43 | (3) |
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46 | (2) |
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48 | (30) |
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3.1 Social networks: concepts and definitions |
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48 | (7) |
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3.1.1 An example school friendship network |
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51 | (4) |
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3.2 Social network analysis |
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55 | (6) |
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3.2.1 Social relations and social networks |
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55 | (3) |
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3.2.2 Statistical analysis of social networks |
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58 | (3) |
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3.3 Social media networks |
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61 | (12) |
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3.3.1 Representing online interactions as interpersonal networks |
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61 | (4) |
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3.3.2 Threaded conversations |
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65 | (4) |
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3.3.3 Social network sites |
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69 | (3) |
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72 | (1) |
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3.4 Social networks, information networks and communication networks |
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73 | (2) |
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3.4.1 Flows of information and attention |
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74 | (1) |
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3.5 SNA metrics for the example school friendship network (advanced) |
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75 | (2) |
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3.5.1 Node-level SNA metrics |
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75 | (1) |
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3.5.2 Network-level SNA metrics |
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76 | (1) |
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77 | (1) |
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78 | (17) |
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4.1 Hyperlink networks: background |
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78 | (4) |
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4.1.1 Motives for sending, and benefits of receiving, hyperlinks |
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79 | (1) |
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4.1.2 Hyperlink network nodes, ties and boundaries |
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80 | (2) |
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4.2 Three disciplinary perspectives on hyperlink networks |
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82 | (4) |
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4.2.1 Citation hyperlink networks |
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82 | (1) |
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4.2.2 Issue hyperlink networks |
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83 | (1) |
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4.2.3 Social hyperlink networks |
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83 | (1) |
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4.2.4 Comparing the disciplinary perspectives |
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84 | (2) |
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4.3 Tools for hyperlink network research |
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86 | (8) |
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86 | (5) |
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4.3.2 Historical web data |
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91 | (1) |
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92 | (2) |
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94 | (1) |
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II WEB SOCIAL SCIENCE EXAMPLES |
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95 | (80) |
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5 Friendship formation and social influence |
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97 | (14) |
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5.1 Homophily in friendship formation |
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97 | (6) |
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97 | (2) |
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5.1.2 Friendship formation in Facebook |
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99 | (2) |
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101 | (2) |
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103 | (7) |
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5.2.1 Identifying social influence |
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103 | (2) |
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5.2.2 Social influence in social media |
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105 | (5) |
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110 | (1) |
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6 Organisational collective behaviour |
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111 | (8) |
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6.1 Collective behaviour on the web: background |
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111 | (2) |
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6.2 Collective action and public goods |
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113 | (1) |
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6.2.1 Hyperlink networks as information public goods |
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113 | (1) |
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6.3 Networked social movements |
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114 | (4) |
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118 | (1) |
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7 Politics and participation |
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119 | (19) |
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7.1 Visibility of political information |
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119 | (4) |
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7.1.1 Power laws and politics online |
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119 | (4) |
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7.2 Social and political engagement |
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123 | (6) |
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7.2.1 Web use and social capital |
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123 | (4) |
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7.2.2 Political engagement |
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127 | (2) |
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129 | (3) |
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130 | (2) |
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7.4 An introduction to power laws (advanced) |
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132 | (4) |
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136 | (2) |
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8 Government and public policy |
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138 | (11) |
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8.1 Delivery of information to citizens |
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138 | (4) |
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8.1.1 Government hyperlink networks |
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139 | (3) |
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142 | (4) |
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143 | (1) |
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8.2.2 Internet censorship |
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144 | (2) |
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8.3 Public policy modelling |
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146 | (1) |
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8.3.1 The mapping principle |
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146 | (1) |
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8.3.2 The macroeconomics of a virtual world |
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147 | (1) |
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147 | (2) |
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9 Production and collaboration |
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149 | (14) |
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9.1 Peer production and information public goods |
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149 | (7) |
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150 | (2) |
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9.1.2 Information public goods |
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152 | (4) |
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9.2 Scholarly activity and communication |
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156 | (3) |
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9.2.1 Webometric measures of scholarly output and impact |
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156 | (2) |
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9.2.2 Reconfiguring access to scholarly information and expertise |
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158 | (1) |
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9.3 Network structure and achievement |
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159 | (3) |
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9.3.1 Identifying a `network effect' in outcomes |
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159 | (1) |
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9.3.2 Structural holes in Second Life |
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160 | (2) |
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162 | (1) |
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10 Commerce and marketing |
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163 | (12) |
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10.1 Distribution of product sales |
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163 | (5) |
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10.1.1 Power laws and superstars |
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164 | (2) |
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10.1.2 Evidence for the Long Tail |
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166 | (2) |
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10.2 Influence in markets |
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168 | (5) |
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10.2.1 Referrals from friends |
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169 | (2) |
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171 | (2) |
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10.2.3 Recommender systems |
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173 | (1) |
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173 | (2) |
References |
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175 | (16) |
Index |
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191 | |