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E-raamat: Wildland Fires and Air Pollution

Edited by (USDA Forest Service, Riverside, CA, USA), Edited by (USDA Forest Service, Riverside, CA, USA), Edited by (US Environmental Protection Agency, OR, USA), Edited by (USDA Forest Service, Riverside, CA, USA)
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Wildland Fires and Air PollutionSuurem pilt
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The interaction between smoke and air pollution creates a public health challenge. Fuels treatments proposed for National Forests are intended to reduce fuel accumulations and wildfire frequency and severity, as well as to protect property located in the wild land-urban interface. However, prescribed fires produce gases and aerosols that have instantaneous and long-term effects on air quality. If fuels treatment are not conducted, however, then wild land fires become more severe and frequent causing worse public health and wellfare effects. A better understanding of air pollution and smoke interactions is needed in order to protect the public health and allow for socially and ecologically acceptable use of fire as a management tool. This text offers such an understanding and examines innovative wide-scale monitoring efforts (field and remotely sensed), and development of models predicting spatial and temporal distribution of air pollution and smoke resulting from forests fires and other sources.

* collaborative effort of an international team of scientists
* high quality of invited chapters
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The latest research on the complex interactions between wildland fires and air pollution.
List of Contributors
xi
Biographies xxi
Acknowledgements xli
Preface xliii
Introduction xlv
Section I: General Information and Emissions
Impacts of Vegetation Fire Emissions on the Environment, Human Health, and Security: A Global Perspective
3(34)
Climatic and Weather Factors Affecting Fire Occurrence and Behavior
37(24)
Characterizing Sources of Emissions from Wildland Fires
61(18)
Chemical Composition of Wildland Fire Emissions
79(30)
Effects of Wildland Fire on Regional and Global Carbon Stocks in a Changing Environment
109(30)
Airborne Remote Sensing of Wildland Fires
139(32)
Section II: Ambient Air Quality, Visibility and Human Health---Regional Perspectives
Effects of Forest Fires on Visibility and Air Quality
171(26)
Assessment of Forest Fire Impacts and Emissions in the European Union Based on the European Forest Fire Information System
197(12)
Forest Fires and Air Quality Issues in Southern Europe
209(24)
Spatial and Temporal Trends in Distribution of Forest Fires in Central and Eastern Europe
233(14)
A Mega-Fire Event in Central Russia: Fire Weather, Radiative, and Optical Properties of the Atmosphere, and Consequences for Subboreal Forest Plants
247(18)
Vegetation Fires, Smoke Emissions, and Dispersion of Radionuclides in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone
265(12)
Remote Sensing Applications of Wildland Fire and Air Quality in China
277(12)
Smoke from Wildfires and Prescribed Burning in Australia: Effects on Human Health and Ecosystems
289(30)
Section III: Ecological Impacts of Forest Fires and Air Pollution
Global Warming and Stress Complexes in Forests of Western North America
319(20)
A Probabilistic View of Chaparral and Forest Fire Regimes in Southern California and Northern Baja California
339(26)
Air Pollution Increases Forest Susceptibility to Wildfires: A Case Study in the San Bernardino Mountains in Southern California
365(40)
Fire Effects on Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling in Forests of The Sierra Nevada
405(20)
Management Options for Mitigating Nitrogen (N) Losses from N-Saturated Mixed-Conifer Forests in California
425(32)
Interactive Effects of Climate and Wildland Fires on Forests and other Ecosystems-Section III Synthesis
457(14)
Section IV: Management Issues
Fire Danger and Fire Behavior Modeling Systems in Australia, Europe, and North America
471(28)
Regional Real-Time Smoke Prediction Systems
499(36)
Managing Smoke from Wildfires and Prescribed Burning in Southern Australia
535(16)
A Statistical Model for Forecasting Hourly Ozone Levels During Fire Season
551(16)
Managing Air Pollution Impacted Forests of California
567(18)
Section V: Concluding Section
Integrating Research on Wildland Fires and Air Quality: Needs and Recommendations
585(18)
Author Index 603(26)
Subject Index 629
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