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E-raamat: Winning the Tax Wars: Tax Competition and Cooperation

  • Formaat: 208 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 24-Apr-2016
  • Kirjastus: Kluwer Law International
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789041194619
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  • Formaat: 208 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 24-Apr-2016
  • Kirjastus: Kluwer Law International
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789041194619

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Series on International Taxation-62

About this book:

Winning the Tax Wars, an invaluable book, shows how the globalization of trade, the digitization of the economy, tax competition between sovereign states, the erosion of the tax base, and the transfer of profits have all revealed the weaknesses of a traditional tax system that has reached its limits, and how numerous states and groups of states have joined efforts in creating a new international tax system designed to restore fairness and stability in the levying of taxes worldwide. Increased competition among governments for revenues and investment has led to a “tax war,” with some countries’ rates and policies potentially conflicting with international projects such as base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS). Over the past few decades, the concentration of wealth and property in the hands of a few has been facilitated by tax evasion, tax avoidance, and above all by tax competition. Fortunately, a determined move toward international cooperation among tax authorities is gathering its forces for the battle.

What’s in this book:

Stemming from a 2016 conference initiated by the Canadian nonprofit organization TaxCOOP, convened by the World Bank and bringing together well-known taxation experts from prominent international organizations, the book presents outstanding contributions highlighting the impacts of tax competition and viable solutions. Among the issues and topics covered are the following:

  • electronic commerce and electronic money;
  • transfer pricing;
  • derivatives and hedge funds;
  • protecting tax whistle-blowers;
  • offshore tax investigations;
  • possibility of an international tax court;
  • impact of tax competition in developing countries;
  • carbon pricing;
  • tobacco taxation; and
  • effective taxation of the ultra-wealthy and their financial capital.

The objective of this book is to present the impacts of tax competition and the possible solutions that can be explored. The book across the chapters presents how tax wars will be waged through negotiations between states, the firm persuasion of global financial elites, interstate collaboration, and the conclusion of multilateral agreements and treaties.

How this will help you:

Collectively, the contributions take a giant step toward reinforcing the power of sovereign states in sectors such as the environment, education, and health. As an authoritative guide to increasing the level of transparency and accountability of private and public economic actors and restoring citizens’ trust in the fairness of our global governance systems, this peerless volume with very high-level expertise of the contributors and editors will be warmly welcomed by tax lawyers, taxation authorities, and interested academics worldwide.

Editors v
Contributors vii
Preface xix
Introduction 1(2)
Chapter 1 The Evolution of Tax Competition: Vito Tanzi's Contribution and Perspective
3(12)
Blanca Moreno-Dodson
§1.01 Introduction
3(1)
§1.02 Vito Tanzi and the Genealogy of Tax Competition
4(5)
[ A] Early Critique
4(1)
[ B] The Challenges of Tax Competition
4(2)
[ C] Globalization and the Emergence of "Fiscal Termites"
6(1)
[ D] The Need for a New Global Architecture
7(2)
§1.03 "Winning the Tax Wars" as Assessed by Vito Tanzi
9(4)
[ A] Confronting an Ideological Question
9(1)
[ B] New Options for Tax Avoidance
10(1)
[ C] Strategies to Limit Abuses
10(1)
[ D] A Key Challenge: Defining the Base for Corporate Taxation
11(1)
[ E] Wealth Taxes: Opportunities and Limits
12(1)
[ F] Taxation to Promote Public Goods
12(1)
§1.04 Conclusion
13(2)
Chapter 2 Abandoning Tax Competition: A Historical Overview and a Way Forward in Achieving the 2030 Agenda
15(16)
Erika Siu
§2.01 Introduction
15(2)
§2.02 Efforts by IOs to Curb Tax Competition
17(10)
[ A] A New Approach to Tax Competition
22(2)
[ B] A Normative Framework for Tax Cooperation
24(3)
§2.03 Conclusion
27(4)
References
28(3)
Chapter 3 Tax Competition: An Unleveled Playing Field for Developing Countries - Tax Cooperation to the Rescue
31(16)
Brigitte Alepin
§3.01 Background
31(1)
§3.02 Conceptual Grounding
31(1)
§3.03 Tax Competition Is Real and Important
32(3)
[ A] Policies to Address Tax Competition
33(2)
[ B] Summing Up
35(1)
§3.04 The Ability of the Global Tax System to Address Current Challenges
35(2)
§3.05 Consequences of Archaic Tax Rules and Double Non-taxation
37(1)
§3.06 Leadership from International Organizations
38(3)
[ A] Transfer Pricing Guidelines
39(1)
[ B] Automatic Exchange of Information
40(1)
[ C] Stringent Disclosure Requirements
41(1)
§3.07 Tax Competition and the Need for Better Fiscal Cooperation in a Globalized World
41(2)
§3.08 Achievements and Persistent Challenges: Prospects for Tax Cooperation Among Developing Countries
43(4)
References
45(2)
Chapter 4 Taxing Multinationals in a Globalized World
47(12)
Lyne Latulippe
§4.01 Corporate Taxation and Globalization
48(2)
§4.02 Paradigm, Principles and Challenges
50(3)
[ A] Issues with the Unit of Taxation and the Tax Base
51(1)
[ B] Enforcement Issues
51(1)
[ C] Cooperation and Competition
52(1)
[ D] Public Pressures and Transparency
53(1)
§4.03 The Way Forward
53(3)
§4.04 Concluding Remarks
56(3)
References
57(2)
Chapter 5 Offshore Tax Investigations, Tax Whistleblowing, and Global Tax Compliance
59(16)
Louise Otis
Brigitte Alepin
§5.01 Introduction
59(1)
§5.02 Offshore Tax Investigations and Tax Whistleblowing
60(6)
[ A] Definitions and Importance
60(1)
[ 1] Offshore Tax Investigations
60(1)
[ 2] Tax Whistleblowing
61(1)
[ B] Responses from Governments and International Organizations
62(3)
[ C] Guidance in Decision-Making
65(1)
§5.03 Global Tax Compliance
66(8)
[ A] Definition
66(3)
[ B] The Present Compliance System for International Taxpayers
69(2)
[ C] Global Tax Compliance for the Twenty-First Century
71(3)
§5.04 Conclusion
74(1)
References
74(1)
Chapter 6 Tax Competition or Tax Cooperation
75(18)
Vanessa Houlder
§6.01 Introduction
75(1)
§6.02 Tax Competition
76(5)
[ A] Definition
76(1)
[ B] Importance and History
76(3)
[ C] Responses of Governments
79(2)
§6.03 Tax Cooperation
81(9)
[ A] Definition
81(1)
[ B] International and Regional Initiatives
81(1)
[ 1] International Initiatives
81(2)
[ 2] Regional Initiatives
83(1)
[ a] The European Union
83(1)
[ b] West Africa
84(1)
[ c] East Africa
85(1)
[ d] Southern Africa
85(1)
[ e] Southeast Asia
86(1)
[ 3] Responses of Governments
86(1)
[ 4] Responses of Non-governmental Organizations and Academics
87(3)
§6.04 Conclusion
90(3)
References
90(3)
Chapter 7 Experts Debate: What Is Better for Low-Income Countries, Tax Competition, or Tax Cooperation?
93(14)
Allison Christians
§7.01 Introduction
94(1)
§7.02 First Resolution
94(3)
[ A] Response to First Resolution by Alison Holder
95(1)
[ B] Response to First Resolution by Veronique de Rugy
96(1)
§7.03 Second Resolution
97(3)
[ A] Response to Second Resolution by Alison Holder
98(1)
[ B] Response to Second Resolution by Veronique de Rugy
99(1)
§7.04 Third Resolution
100(3)
[ A] Response to Third Resolution by Veronique de Rugy
100(1)
[ B] Response to Third Resolution by Alison Holder
101(2)
§7.05 Closing Remarks
103(1)
[ A] Final Remarks by Veronique de Rugy
103(1)
[ B] Final Remarks by Alison Holder
103(1)
§7.06 Judges' Conclusion
104(3)
Chapter 8 Wealth Taxes in Developing Countries
107(14)
Blanca Moreno-Dodson
Richard Murphy
Eric M. Zolt
§8.01 Introduction
107(1)
§8.02 Why Are Wealth Taxes Desirable?
108(2)
[ A] Equity Justifications
108(1)
[ B] Efficiency Justifications
109(1)
[ C] Political Economy Benefits
110(1)
[ D] Administrative Gains
110(1)
§8.03 Wealth Taxes
110(3)
[ A] Types of Wealth Taxes
110(2)
[ B] Role in Tax System
112(1)
[ C] Design Issues in Adopting a Wealth Tax
113(1)
§8.04 Challenges in Adopting Wealth Taxes
113(4)
[ A] Political Challenges in Taxing Wealth
113(1)
[ B] Lack of Popular Support for Wealth Taxes
114(2)
[ C] Administrative Challenges
116(1)
§8.05 The Changing Environment for Wealth Taxes
117(1)
§8.06 Conclusion
117(4)
References
118(3)
Chapter 9 Taxing to Promote Public Goods: Carbon Pricing
121(22)
Adam Koniuszewski
§9.01 Introduction
121(2)
§9.02 The Case for Carbon Pricing
123(4)
[ A] Closing the Emissions Gap
124(1)
[ B] Closing the Low-Carbon Investment Gap
125(1)
[ C] Closing the Climate and Sustainable-Development Financing Gap
125(2)
§9.03 The Paris Climate Agreement and Carbon Pricing Momentum
127(6)
§9.04 Lessons Learned from Existing Carbon Pricing Initiatives
133(5)
§9.05 Framework Convention for Carbon Control (FCCC)
138(5)
References
140(3)
Chapter 10 Expanding the Global Tax Base: Taxing to Promote Public Goods - Tobacco Taxes
143
Patricio V. Marquez
§10.01 Background and Objectives
143(1)
§10.02 Making the Public-Health Case for Tobacco Taxation
144(3)
§10.03 A Framework for Discussion
147(27)
§10.04 Conclusions
174
References
176