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E-raamat: Yeast Stress Responses

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  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Sari: Topics in Current Genetics 1
  • Ilmumisaeg: 23-Oct-2007
  • Kirjastus: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783540456117
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Yeast Stress ResponsesSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Sari: Topics in Current Genetics 1
  • Ilmumisaeg: 23-Oct-2007
  • Kirjastus: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783540456117
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Every cell has developed mechanisms to respond to changes in its environment and to adapt its growth and metabolism to unfavorable conditions. The unicellular eukaryote yeast has long proven as a particularly useful model system for the analysis of cellular stress responses, and the completion of the yeast genome sequence has only added to its power This volume comprehensively reviews both the basic features of the yeast genral stress response and the specific adapations to different stress types (nutrient depletion, osmotic and heat shock as well as salt and oxidative stress). It includes the latest findings in the field and discusses the implications for the analysis of stress response mechanisms in higher eukaryotes as well.

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From the reviews:









"This book is focused on the stress responses of yeasts . Each chapter is written in the form of a comprehensive review, that provides up-to-date, current status knowledge. The text of the Chapters is supported with excellent diagrams and figures that illustrate metabolic and gene regulatory pathways, and there is detailed referencing to the literature. The book is clearly targeted to those interested in fundamental understanding of cell stress ." (Graham H. Fleet, Mycopathologia, Issue 159, 2005)

Muu info

Springer Book Archives
Introduction 1(10)
Stefan Hohmann
Willem H. Mager
What is stress?
1(1)
Studies of stress responses
2(1)
Cell proliferation and stress
3(1)
Aim of the stress response
4(1)
Phases of the stress response
5(1)
Sensing and signalling
6(2)
Adaptation to stress
8(1)
Yeast as a model
8(3)
2 The environmental stress response: a common yeast response to diverse environmental stresses 11(60)
Audrey P. Gasch
Abstract
11(1)
2.1 Introduction
11(2)
2.2 The environmental stress response
13(2)
2.3 Responsiveness of ESR gene expression
15(3)
2.4 Transcript levels versus protein synthesis levels
18(1)
2.5 Functions represented by genes repressed in the ESR
19(4)
2.5.1 Ribosome synthesis
20(1)
2.5.2 tRNA synthesis
21(1)
2.5.3 General transcription
22(1)
2.5.4 RNA splicing and export
22(1)
2.5.5 Translation
22(1)
2.6 Functions represented by genes induced in the ESR
23(9)
2.6.1 Carbohydrate metabolism
23(3)
2.6.2 Fatty acid metabolism
26(1)
2.6.3 Respiration
26(1)
2.6.4 Oxidative stress defense
27(1)
2.6.5 Autophagy and vacuolar functions
28(1)
2.6.6 Protein folding and degradation
29(1)
2.6.7 Cytoskeletal reorganization
30(1)
2.6.8 Signaling
31(1)
2.7 Functional themes in the ESR
32(2)
2.7.1 Differential expression of isozymes
32(1)
2.7.2 Coinduction of genes with counterproductive functions
32(2)
2.7.3 Regulation of control steps of metabolic processes
34(1)
2.8 The role of the ESR
34(3)
2.9 Regulation of ESR gene expression
37(17)
2.9.1 Rap 1p
37(2)
2.9.2 Chromatin remodeling
39(2)
2.9.3 Regulated mRNA turnover
41(2)
2.9.4 Msn2p and Msn4p
43(5)
2.9.5 Condition-specific transcriptional induction
48(2)
2.9.6 Condition-specific cellular signaling
50(3)
2.9.7 Advantages of the complex regulation of ESR gene expression
53(1)
2.10 Orchestration of cellular responses to stress
54(2)
2.11 Conclusions
56(1)
Acknowledgements
57(1)
References
57(14)
3 The yeast response to heat shock 71(50)
Amy Trott
Kevin A. Morano
Abstract
71(1)
3.1 Introduction
71(1)
3.2 The heat shock and environmental stress responses
72(6)
3.2.1 Transcriptional regulators of heat shock gene induction
72(1)
3.2.2 Delineation of the Hsflp and Msn2p/Msn4p heat shock regulons
73(3)
3.2.3 The role of trehalose in thermotolerance
76(1)
3.2.4 Thermal stress phenotypes in yeast
77(1)
3.3 Regulation of the heat shock factor Hsflp
78(13)
3.3.1 Regulation of Hsflp transcriptional activation
79(2)
3.3.2 The role of phosphorylation in Hsflp regulation
81(1)
3.3.3 Genetic and structural insights into DNA binding and regulation
82(2)
3.3.4 Sensing the proteome: regulation by protein chaperones
84(2)
3.3.5 Hsflp-like proteins in yeast
86(2)
3.3.6 Hsflp and the cell cycle
88(3)
3.4 New directions in protein chaperone biology
91(14)
3.4.1 Hsp90 chaperone complex subunits in yeast
91(8)
3.4.2 Endogenous yeast Hsp90 substrates 98 Hsfl
99(2)
3.4.3 Protein chaperones and yeast prion propagation
101(4)
3.5 Stress and aging
105(3)
3.6 Conclusions
108(1)
Acknowledgements
108(1)
References
109(12)
4 The osmotic stress response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae 121(80)
Markus J. Tamas
Stefan Hohmann
Abstract
121(1)
4.1 Introduction
121(2)
4.2 Structural and morphological effects caused by osmotic stress
123(1)
4.3 Glycerol and glycerol metabolism
124(6)
4.3.1 Glycerol metabolic pathways
125(1)
4.3.2 Glycerol transport
126(1)
4.3.3 Glycerol accumulation under osmotic stress: multiple levels of control
127(3)
4.4 Transport processes affected by osmotic stress
130(3)
4.4.1 MIP channels: aquaporins and glycerol channels
130(2)
4.4.2 Osmolyte uptake systems
132(1)
4.4.3 Ion channels
133(1)
4.5 Perception of and response to osmotic stress: the role of signalling pathways
133(34)
4.5.1 S. cerevisiae MAPK pathways
134(1)
4.5.2 The HOG MAPK pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
135(6)
4.5.3 Control of gene expression
141(9)
4.5.4 The cell integrity pathway
150(6)
4.5.5 Skn7p: a putative link between osmosensing pathways
156(6)
4.5.6 Additional systems involved in osmotic stress signalling
162(3)
4.5.7 Mechanisms of osmosensing
165(2)
4.6 Metabolic adjustments
167(1)
4.7 Osmotic signalling in other yeasts: the S. pombe Styl pathway
168(7)
4.8 Conclusions
175(2)
Acknowledgements
177(1)
References
177(24)
5 Ion homeostasis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae under NaCl stress 201(40)
Ingrid Wadskog
Lennart Adler
Abstract
201(1)
5.1 Introduction
201(1)
5.2 Yeast Na+ and K+ relations
202(2)
5.2.1 Growth and intracellular ion levels
202(1)
5.2.2 Why is K+ but not Na+ a preferred intracellular cation?
203(1)
5.2.3 Na+ toxicity
203(1)
5.3 Adaptation to high concentrations of salt: role of ion transporters
204(8)
5.3.1 The plasma membrane H4-ATPase
205(2)
5.3.2 K+ transport systems
207(1)
5.3.3 The Pmr2Ap/Ena1p sodium transporter
208(1)
5.3.4 The Nha1p Na+/H+ antiporter
209(1)
5.3.5 Compartmentalization of Na+
210(2)
5.4 Regulation of ion homeostasis
212(9)
5.4.1 Control at transcriptional level: ENA1
212(8)
5.4.2 Control on protein level
220(1)
5.4.3 Regulation of the Trk1/2p system
221(1)
5.5 Ion transporters and membrane targeting
221(5)
5.5.1 Targeting of P-type ATPases to the plasma membrane
222(3)
5.5.2 Nhx1p is involved in membrane traffic out of the prevacuolar compartment
225(1)
5.6 The genome-wide transcriptional response
226(2)
5.7 Conclusions
228(1)
References
229(12)
6 Oxidative stress responses in yeast 241(64)
Michel B. Toledano
Agnes Delaunay
Benoit Biteau
Daniel Spector
Dulce Azevedo
Abstract
241(1)
6.1 Introduction
241(1)
6.2 Effects of oxygen free radicals on biological molecules
242(3)
6.2.1 Some concepts of free radical chemistry
242(3)
6.3 Biological effects of oxygen free radicals in yeast
245(6)
6.3.1 Methods for measuring the cellular toxicity of ROS
245(2)
6.3.2 Cellular effects of ROS in S. cerevisiae
247(4)
6.4 Antioxidant defenses and thiol redox homeostasis
251(11)
6.4.1 Metal containing antioxidants
251(3)
6.4.2 Thiol redox control pathways and peroxidase systems
254(8)
6.5 Adaptive oxidative stress responses
262(3)
6.5.1 S. cerevisiae adaptive responses to oxidative stress
262(1)
6.5.2 The genomic response underlying oxidative stress adapted states
263(2)
6.6 Control of S. cerevisiae oxidative stress responses
265(13)
6.6.1 The Yap1 pathway
266(7)
6.6.2 Skn7 as a stress response coordinator
273(1)
6.6.3 An H2O2-inducible Msn2/4 pathway
274(1)
6.5.4 Other regulators of the oxidative stress response in S. cerevisiae
275(3)
6.7 Control of S. pombe oxidative stress responses
278(8)
6.7.1 The stress-activated MAP kinase pathway
279(2)
6.7.2 Atf1, a bZip transcription factor substrate of Spc1/Styl
281(1)
6.7.3 The S. pombe Yap1 homologue Pap1
282(1)
6.7.4 The response regulator Prr1, a homologue of Skn7
283(1)
6.7.5 Two two-component phosphorelay systems contribute to the H2O2 response
284(2)
6.8 Regulators of the oxidative stress response in other yeasts
286(1)
6.9 Conclusions
287(1)
Acknowledgements
287(1)
References
287(18)
7 From feast to famine; adaptation to nutrient availability in yeast 305(82)
Joris Winderickx
Inge Holsbeeks
Ole Lagatie
Frank Giots
Johan Theveleinl
Han de Winde
Abstract
305(1)
7.1 Introduction
306(1)
7.2 Setting the stage: limitation, starvation, and cell cycle checkpoints
306(3)
7.3 Specific responses to nutrient depletion
309(31)
7.3.1 Carbon Source Signalling
309(17)
7.3.2 Nitrogen Source Signalling
326(7)
7.3.3 Phosphor Limitation and Starvation
333(4)
7.3.4 Sulphur Limitation and Starvation
337(3)
7.4 Common responses to nutrient depletion
340(17)
7.4.1 General Concepts
340(3)
7.4.2 Nutrient signal integration and the control of metabolism and growth
343(2)
7.4.3 The FGM pathway; an integrator of responses to nutrient availability
345(2)
7.4.4 Nutritional control by targets of rapamycin (Tor) proteins
347(3)
7.4.5 Glycogen and Trehalose metabolism
350(3)
7.4.6 Morphological differentiation as a response to nutrient limitation
353(4)
7.5 Conclusions
357(1)
References
358(29)
Index 387
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