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x | |
| Acknowledgements |
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xii | |
| Introduction: An Historical Approach to Sequencing |
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1 | (16) |
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A long history writ short |
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3 | (6) |
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A short history writ long |
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9 | (2) |
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Sequencing as a form of work |
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11 | (3) |
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Structure and methodology |
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14 | (3) |
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Part I Emergence: Frederick Sanger's Pioneering Techniques (1943-1977) |
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17 | (48) |
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1 The Sequence of Insulin and the Configuration of a New Biochemical Form of Work (1943-1962) |
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21 | (18) |
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1.1 Chibnall, Fischer and the chemical analysis of proteins |
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22 | (2) |
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1.2 Periodical or undetermined chains? |
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24 | (1) |
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1.3 Determining an unpredictable `sequence' |
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25 | (4) |
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1.4 An emerging form of work |
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29 | (3) |
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1.5 Absorbing (bio)chemical practices |
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32 | (2) |
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1.6 Expansion and the convergence with molecular biology |
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34 | (5) |
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2 From Chemical Degradation to Biological Replication (1962-1977) |
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39 | (26) |
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2.1 The move to a new centre |
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41 | (3) |
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2.2 Molecular biology and Sanger's professional identity |
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44 | (2) |
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2.3 Protein synthesis and the transition to nucleic acids |
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46 | (3) |
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2.4 The development of new techniques |
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49 | (4) |
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2.5 The insufficiency of a technological explanation |
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53 | (5) |
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2.6 Sequencing and the move towards biology |
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58 | (4) |
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2.7 Rival attempts and the idea of `elegance' |
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62 | (3) |
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Part II Mechanisation - 1: Computing and the Automation of Sequence Reconstruction (1962-1987) |
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65 | (50) |
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3 Sequencing Software and the Shift in the Practice of Computation |
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71 | (20) |
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3.1 Reading-off, puzzle-solving and the first computer program |
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72 | (2) |
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3.2 The crystallographers and the difference between sequence and structure |
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74 | (2) |
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3.3 Sequence determination and the changing use of computers |
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76 | (4) |
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3.4 Biological computing and Cambridge molecular biology |
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80 | (3) |
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3.5 Sequencing software and the difficult formation of a community |
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83 | (8) |
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4 Sequence Databases and the Emergence of `Information Engineers' |
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91 | (24) |
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4.1 The European workshop on sequencing and computers |
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92 | (4) |
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4.2 Information engineers and the problem of interdisciplinarity |
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96 | (4) |
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4.3 Data management practices and earlier biological collections |
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100 | (4) |
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4.4 Sequencing algorithms, database technologies and operating systems |
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104 | (6) |
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4.5 Hierarchy, biocomputing and cooperation with biologists |
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110 | (5) |
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Part III Mechanisation - 2: The Sequencer and the Automation of Sequence Construction (1980-2000) |
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115 | (54) |
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5 A New Approach to Sequencing at Caltech |
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119 | (25) |
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5.1 Contrasting groups, different personas |
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119 | (7) |
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5.2 Institutional differences v national stereotypes |
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126 | (5) |
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5.3 Research values and attitudes towards automation |
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131 | (3) |
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5.4 Out of the `autoradiograph world' |
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134 | (2) |
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5.5 String decoding and the computer as model |
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136 | (5) |
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5.6 Rival automation attempts |
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141 | (3) |
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6 The Commercialisation of the DNA Sequencer |
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144 | (25) |
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6.1 Academic-industrial complexes |
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146 | (3) |
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6.2 ABI as an instrument-making firm |
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149 | (3) |
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6.3 Managerial practices and the sequencer as information technology |
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152 | (2) |
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6.4 The reception of the sequencer and the different standards of sequencing |
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154 | (6) |
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6.5 Thermal cyclers and the introduction of PCR |
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160 | (3) |
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6.6 Genomics and the organisation of large-scale sequencing |
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163 | (6) |
| Conclusions: A Long History of Practices |
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169 | (9) |
| Appendix I Oral Histories |
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178 | (1) |
| Appendix II Archival Sources |
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179 | (1) |
| Notes |
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180 | (23) |
| Bibliography |
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203 | (28) |
| General Index |
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231 | (6) |
| Index of Persons-Institutions |
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237 | |
Lisainfo e-raamatute kohta