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E-raamat: Collecting, Processing and Presenting Geoscientific Information: MATLAB(R) and Design Recipes for Earth Sciences

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Collecting, Processing and Presenting Geoscientific Information: MATLAB(R) and Design Recipes for Earth SciencesSuurem pilt
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This volume introduces students to each phase of a typical data analysis project in the earth sciences, from preliminary research through data processing in MATLAB to presenting the results. It features numerous examples and tips on using internet resources.



This second edition is an intensively revised and updated version of the book MATLAB® and Design Recipes for Earth Sciences. It aims to introduce students to the typical course followed by a data analysis project in earth sciences. A project usually involves searching relevant literature, reviewing and ranking published books and journal articles, extracting relevant information from the literature in the form of text, data, or graphs, searching and processing the relevant original data using MATLAB, and compiling and presenting the results as posters, abstracts, and oral presentations using graphics design software. The text of this book includes numerous examples on the use of internet resources, on the visualization of data with MATLAB, and on preparing scientific presentations. As with the book MATLAB Recipes for Earth Sciences–4rd Edition (2015), which demonstrates the use of statistical and numerical methods on earth science data, this book uses state-of-the art software packages, including MATLAB and the Adobe Creative Suite, to process and present geoscientific information collected during the course of an earth science project. The book's supplementary electronic material (available online through the publisher's website) includes color versions of all figures, recipes with all the MATLAB commands featured in the book, the example data, exported MATLAB graphics, and screenshots of the most important steps involved in processing the graphics.

1 Scientific Information in Earth Sciences
1(14)
1.1 Introduction
2(3)
1.2 Collecting and Managing Information in Earth Sciences
5(2)
1.2.1 Initiating, Planning and Organizing a Project
5(1)
1.2.2 Literature and Data Resources on the Internet
5(1)
1.2.3 Project Management
6(1)
1.3 Methods for Processing Scientific Information
7(6)
1.3.1 Software for Transferring Scientific Information
7(1)
1.3.2 Software for Processing Scientific Information
8(2)
1.3.3 Software for Editing Raster/Pixel Graphics
10(1)
1.3.4 Software for Editing Vector Graphics
11(1)
1.3.5 Software for Creating Presentations
11(1)
1.3.6 Software for Text Processing
12(1)
1.3.7 Software for Desktop Publishing
12(1)
1.3.8 Software for Managing Electronic Libraries on Computers
13(1)
1.4 Presenting Geoscientific Information
13(2)
Recommended Reading
14(1)
2 Searching and Reviewing Scientific Literature
15(26)
2.1 Introduction
16(1)
2.2 Resources for Literature Reviews
16(1)
2.3 Finding the Relevant Literature
17(12)
2.3.1 Searching with Online Bookstores
17(3)
2.3.2 Searching with Google Books and Google Scholar
20(3)
2.3.3 Searching with the Clarivate Analytics Web of Science
23(6)
2.4 Extracting the Relevant Information from Literature
29(5)
2.5 Extracting Text, Data and Graphs from Literature
34(4)
2.6 Organizing Literature in a Computer
38(3)
Recommended Reading
40(1)
3 Internet Resources for Earth Science Data
41(20)
3.1 Introduction
42(1)
3.2 Data Storage in a Computer
42(1)
3.3 Data Formats in Earth Sciences
43(3)
3.4 Data Transfer Between Computers
46(1)
3.5 Internet Resources: When Was the Younger Dryas?
47(3)
3.6 Internet Resources: Calibrating Radiocarbon Ages
50(3)
3.7 Internet Resources: Insolation Data
53(4)
3.8 Internet Resources: Tephrabase
57(1)
3.9 Organizing Data in a Computer
58(3)
Recommended Reading
60(1)
4 MATLAB as a Visualization Tool
61(38)
4.1 Introduction
62(1)
4.2 Getting Started with MATLAB
62(2)
4.3 The Syntax of MATLAB
64(4)
4.4 Array Manipulation
68(4)
4.5 Data Structures and Classes of Objects
72(6)
4.6 Data Storage and Handling
78(6)
4.7 Control Flow
84(3)
4.8 Scripts and Functions
87(4)
4.9 Basic Visualization Tools
91(2)
4.10 Generating M-Files to Regenerate Graphs
93(2)
4.11 Publishing M-Files
95(4)
Recommended Reading
97(2)
5 Visualizing 2D Data in Earth Sciences
99(20)
5.1 Introduction
100(1)
5.2 Line Graphs: Plotting Time Series in Earth Sciences
100(5)
5.3 Bar Graphs: Plotting Histograms in Earth Sciences
105(2)
5.4 Pie Charts: Illustrating Proportion in Earth Sciences
107(2)
5.5 Rose Diagrams: Plotting Directional Data
109(1)
5.6 Multiplots: Plotting Scaled Multiple Area Graphs
110(4)
5.7 Stratplots: Plotting Stratigraphic Columns
114(5)
Recommended Reading
118(1)
6 Visualizing 3D Data in Earth Sciences
119(24)
6.1 Introduction
120(1)
6.2 The Global Geography Database GSHHG
120(4)
6.3 The 1-Minute Gridded Global Relief Data ETOPO1
124(6)
6.4 The Global 30-Arc Second Elevation Data GTOPO30
130(3)
6.5 The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission SRTM
133(4)
6.6 Interpolating and Visualizing Irregularly-Spaced Data
137(6)
Recommended Reading
141(2)
7 Processing and Displaying Images in Earth Sciences
143(26)
7.1 Introduction
144(1)
7.2 Storing Images on a Computer
144(3)
7.3 Importing, Processing and Exporting Images
147(4)
7.4 Processing and Georeferencing Satellite Images
151(7)
7.5 Digitizing from the Screen: From Pixel to Vector
158(2)
7.6 Image Enhancement, Correction and Rectification
160(9)
Recommended Reading
166(3)
8 Editing Graphics, Text, and Tables
169(28)
8.1 Introduction
170(1)
8.2 Editing Vector Graphics
170(16)
8.2.1 Line Graphs: Getting Started, Panels, Layers, and Tools
171(5)
8.2.2 Pie Charts: Transparency, Raster with Vector, and Advanced Features
176(4)
8.2.3 Rose Diagrams: Manipulating Clipping Paths
180(1)
8.2.4 Shoreline Data Set: Number of Vertices in Vector Graphics
181(2)
8.2.5 Pseudocolor Plots: Combining Raster with Vector
183(1)
8.2.6 Block Diagrams: Three-Dimensional Visualization and Labeling
183(3)
8.2.7 Preparing Vector Graphics for Presentation on a Dark Background
186(1)
8.3 Processing Images
186(4)
8.3.1 Satellite Imagery: Professional Image Processing Using Adobe Photoshop
187(2)
8.3.2 Georeferenced Satellite Imagery: Masking, Retouching, Adding Vectors
189(1)
8.4 Editing Text
190(4)
8.5 Editing Tables
194(3)
Recommended Reading
196(1)
9 Creating Conference Presentations
197(18)
9.1 Introduction
198(1)
9.2 Planning an Oral Presentation
198(4)
9.3 Designing the Concept
202(3)
9.4 Creating a Template
205(2)
9.5 Creating Slides
207(6)
9.6 Practice and Delivery
213(2)
Recommended Reading
214(1)
10 Creating Conference Posters
215(12)
10.1 Introduction
216(1)
10.2 Planning a Poster
216(1)
10.3 Creating a Poster Template
217(5)
10.4 Final Assembly of the Poster
222(3)
10.5 Presenting a Poster at a Conference
225(2)
Recommended Reading
226(1)
11 Creating Manuscripts, Flyers, and Brochures
227(34)
11.1 Introduction
229(1)
11.2 Planning a Manuscript
229(7)
11.3 How to Create Flyers
236(6)
11.3.1 Desktop Publishing with Adobe InDesign
237(5)
11.3.2 Preparing the Document for Printing Using Adobe InDesign
242(1)
11.4 Designing a Thesis or a Research Report
242(10)
11.4.1 Creating a New Document with Layers, Master Pages, and Pagination
244(1)
11.4.2 Importing Text, Using Text Frames, and Using Flowing Text
245(2)
11.4.3 Direct Formatting, Paragraph Styles, and Character Styles
247(1)
11.4.4 Creating Book Files, Page Numbers, and a Table of Contents
248(2)
11.4.5 Placing Images and Tables, and Adding Captions
250(1)
11.4.6 Preflight, Packaging, and Generating a PDF File
251(1)
11.5 Assembling and Laying Out Books
252(9)
11.5.1 Color and Color Management
253(1)
11.5.2 Compilation of the Manuscript Files and Submission to the Publisher
254(1)
11.5.3 Working on a Book Project with InDesign
255(3)
11.5.4 Generating the Final PDF File for Printing
258(2)
Recommended Reading
260(1)
12 Creating Multimedia Publications
261
12.1 Introduction
262(1)
12.2 Creating Audio and Video Files with MATLAB
262(4)
12.3 Creating Animated 3D Objects with MATLAB
266(4)
12.4 Assembling Multimedia Presentations
270(2)
12.5 Assembling Multimedia Papers and Books
272
Recommended Reading
274
Martin H. Trauth was born in Landau in der Pfalz in 1963 and studied geophysics and geology at the University of Karlsruhe. He obtained a doctoral degree from the University of Kiel in 1995 and then became a permanent member of the scientific staff at the University of Potsdam. Following his habilitation in 2003 he became a lecturer, and then in 2011 an adjunct professor, at the University of Potsdam. Since 1990 he has worked on various aspects of historical changes in the climates of East Africa and South America. His projects have aimed to understand the role of the tropics in terminating ice ages, the relationship between climatic changes and human evolution, and the influence that climate anomalies had on mass movements in the Central Andes. Each of these projects has involved the use of MATLAB to apply numerical and statistical methods (such as timeseries analysis and signal processing) to paleoclimate time series, lake-balance modeling, stochastic modeling of bioturbation, age-depth modeling of sedimentary sequences, or the processing of satellite and microscope images. Martin H. Trauth has been teaching a variety of courses on data analysis in earth sciences for more twenty years, both at the University of Potsdam and at other universities around the world.
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