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E-raamat: Computer Ethics

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The study of the ethical issues related to computer use developed primarily in the 1980s, although a number of important papers were published in previous decades, many of which are contained in this volume. Computer ethics, as the field became known, flourished in the following decades. The emphasis initially was more on the computing profession: on questions related to the development of systems, the behaviour of computing professionals and so on. Later the focus moved to the Internet and to users of computer and related communication technologies. This book reflects these different emphases and has articles on most of the important issues, organised into sections on the history and nature of computer ethics, cyberspace, values and technology, responsibility and professionalism, privacy and surveillance, what computers should not do and morality and machines.
Acknowledgements ix
Series Preface xi
Introduction xiii
PART I COMPUTER ETHICS - ITS HISTORY AND NATURE
1 `Ethical Challenges To Citizens Of "The Automatic Age": Norbert Wiener On The Information Society', Journal Of Information, Communication And Ethics In Society, 2, Pp. 65-74
3(10)
Terrell Ward Bynum
2 `Some Moral And Technical Consequences Of Automation', Science, 131, Pp. 1355-58
13(4)
Norbert Wiener
3 `Rules Of Ethics In Information Processing', Communications Of The Acm, 11, Pp. 198-201
17(4)
Donn B. Parker
4 `The Two Cultures Of The Computer Age', Technology Review, 71, Pp. 54-57
21(4)
Joseph Weizenbaum
5 `On The Impact Of The Computer On Society: How Does One Insult A Machine?', Science, 176, Pp. 609-14
25(6)
Joseph Weizenbaum
6 `What Is Computer Ethics?', Metaphilosophy, 16, Pp. 266-75
31(10)
James H. Moor
7 `Four Ethical Issues Of The Information Age', Mis Quarterly, 10, Pp. 5-12
41(8)
Richard O. Mason
8 `Is There An Ethics Of Computing?', Journal Of Applied Philosophy, 8, Pp. 19-26
49(8)
Geoffrey Brown
9 `The Use And Abuse Of Computer Ethics', Journal Of Systems And Software, 17, Pp. 75-80
57(6)
Donald Gotterbarn
10 `Information Ethics: On The Philosophical Foundations Of Computer Ethics', Ethics And Information Technology, 1, Pp. 37-56
63(22)
Luciano Floridi
PART II CYBERSPACE
11 `Balancing Intellectual Property Rights And The Intellectual Commons: A Lockean Analysis', Journal Of Information, Communication And Ethics In Society, 2, Pp. S5-S14
85(10)
Herman T. Tavani
12 `What Is So Bad About Internet Content Regulation?', Ethics And Information Technology, 2, Pp. 105-11
95(8)
John Weckert
13 `Unreal Friends', Ethics And Information Technology, 2, Pp. 223-31
103(10)
Dean Cocking
Steve Matthews
14 `Developing Trust On The Internet', Analyse And Kritik, 26, Pp. 91-107
113(18)
Victoria Mcgeer
15 `The Computer Revolution And The Problem Of Global Ethics', Science And Engineering Ethics, 2, Pp. 177-90
131(14)
Krystyna Gorniak-Kocikowska
16 `Computer-Mediated Colonization, The Renaissance, And Educational Imperatives For An Intercultural Global Village', Ethics And Information Technology, 4, Pp. 11-22
145(12)
Charles Ess
17 `Shaping The Web: Why The Politics Of Search Engines Matters', Information Society, 16, Pp. 169-85
157(20)
Lucas D. Introna
Helen Nissenbaum
PART III VALUES AND TECHNOLOGY
18 `Do Artefacts Have Politics?', Daedalus, 109, Pp. 121-36
177(16)
Langdon Winner
19 `Towards Ethical Principles For Designing Politico-Administrative Information Systems', Informatization In The Public Sector, 3, Pp. 353-73
193(22)
M.J. Van Den Hoven
20 `Bias In Computer Systems', Acm Transactions On Information Systems, 14, Pp. 330-47
215(18)
Batya Friedman
Helen Nissenbaum
21 `Method In Computer Ethics: Towards A Multi-Level Interdisciplinary Approach', Ethics And Information Technology, 2, Pp. 125-29
233(8)
Philip Brey
PART IV RESPONSIBILITY AND PROFESSIONALISM
22 `Human Agency And Responsible Computing: Implications For Computer System Design', Journal Of Systems Software, 17, Pp. 7-14
241(8)
Batya Friedman
Peter H. Kahn Jr.
23 `Informatics And Professional Responsibility', Science And Engineering Ethics, 7, Pp. 221-30
249(10)
Donald Gotterbarn
24 `Do Engineers Have Social Responsibilities?', Journal Of Applied Philosophy, 9, Pp. 21-34
259(14)
Deborah G. Johnson
25 `Computing And Accountability', Communications Of The Acm, 37, Pp. 73-80
273(8)
Helen Nissenbaum
26 `Using The New Acm Code Of Ethics In Decision Making', Communications Of The Acm, 36, Pp. 98-107
281(12)
Ronald E. Anderson
Deborah G. Johnson
Donald Gotterbarn
Judith Perolle
PART V PRIVACY AND SURVEILLANCE
27 `Are Computer Hacker Break-Ins Ethical?', Journal Of Systems And Software, 17, Pp. 41-47
293(8)
Eugene H. Spafford
28 `A Moral Approach To Electronic Patient Records', Medical Informatics And The Internet In Medicine, 26, Pp. 219-34
301(16)
N.B. Fairweather
S. Rogerson
29 `Privacy And The Varieties Of Informational Wrongdoing', Australian Journal Of Professional And Applied Ethics, 1, Pp. 30-43
317(14)
Jeroen Van Den Hoven
30 `Protecting Privacy In An Information Age: The Problem Of Privacy In Public', Law And Philosophy, 17, Pp. 559-96
331(38)
Helen Nissenbaum
31 `Privacy, The Workplace And The Internet', Journal Of Business Ethics, 28, Pp. 255-65
369(12)
Seumas Miller
John Weckert
32 `Surveillance In Employment: The Case Of Teleworking', Journal Of Business Ethics, 22, Pp. 39-49
381(14)
N. Ben Fairweather
PART VI WHAT COMPUTERS SHOULD NOT DO
33 `Are There Decisions Computers Should Never Make?', Nature And System, 1, Pp. 217-29
395(14)
James H. Moor
34 `Computers In Control: Rational Transfer Of Authority Or Irresponsible Abdication Of Autonomy?', Ethics And Information Technology, 1, Pp. 173-84
409(12)
Arthur Kuflik
35 `On Becoming Redundant Or What Computers Shouldn't Do', Journal Of Applied Philosophy, 18, Pp. 1-11
421(14)
James Lenman
PART VII MORALITY AND MACHINES
36 `Men, Machines, Materialism, And Morality', Philosophy Andphenomenological Research, 21, Pp. 238--46
435(10)
Peter T. Manicas
37 `Can Robots Be Moral?', Ethics, 84, Pp. 248-59
445(12)
Laszlo Versenyi
38 `A Code Of Conduct For Robots Coexisting With Human Beings', Robotics And Autonomous Systems, 18, Pp. 101-107
457(8)
Shigeo Hirose
39 `Information, Ethics, And Computers: The Problem Of Autonomous Moral Agents', Minds And Machines, 14, Pp. 67-83
465(18)
Bernd Carsten Stahl
Index 483
John Weckert is a Professorial Fellow at the Centre for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics, Charles Sturt University, Australia.