| Preface |
|
xiii | |
| Acknowledgments |
|
xv | |
| About the Author |
|
xvii | |
| Part 1 Research Design and Sampling |
|
1 | (102) |
|
Chapter 1 Reviewing the Literature: Why? For Whom? How? |
|
|
3 | (46) |
|
|
|
3 | (1) |
|
|
|
4 | (2) |
|
What Is a Research Literature Review? Why Do One? |
|
|
6 | (8) |
|
Write Proposals for Funding |
|
|
8 | (1) |
|
Write Proposals for Academic Degrees |
|
|
9 | (1) |
|
Describe and Explain Current Knowledge to Guide Professional Practice |
|
|
9 | (1) |
|
Identify Effective Research and Development Methods |
|
|
10 | (1) |
|
Identify Experts to Help Interpret Existing Literature and Identify Unpublished Sources of Information |
|
|
11 | (1) |
|
Identify Funding Sources and Works in Progress |
|
|
11 | (1) |
|
Satisfy Personal Curiosity |
|
|
12 | (2) |
|
Gaining Control: Experiments and Observations |
|
|
14 | (2) |
|
|
|
15 | (1) |
|
|
|
15 | (1) |
|
Systematic, Explicit, Comprehensive, and Reproducible: Four Key Words |
|
|
16 | (1) |
|
Choosing an Online Bibliographic Database |
|
|
17 | (9) |
|
Public and Private Online Bibliographic Databases |
|
|
17 | (3) |
|
What Exactly Do You Need to Find? |
|
|
20 | (1) |
|
How Do You Search for What You Want to Find? Key Words, Descriptors, Identifiers, and the Thesaurus |
|
|
21 | (5) |
|
How Do You Ask for Information? Searching With Boolean Operators |
|
|
26 | (1) |
|
Three Examples of Boolean Logic |
|
|
26 | (1) |
|
Pausing During the Search |
|
|
27 | (1) |
|
Changing the Course of the Search |
|
|
27 | (1) |
|
Changing the Course of a Literature Review Search: Expanding the Scope |
|
|
28 | (1) |
|
Supplementing the Online Search |
|
|
28 | (6) |
|
Reasons to Supplement Electronic Searches |
|
|
28 | (1) |
|
Reviewing References in High-Quality Studies |
|
|
29 | (1) |
|
Is Everything Worthwhile Published? |
|
|
30 | (1) |
|
|
|
31 | (1) |
|
Cautiously Approach the Web |
|
|
31 | (3) |
|
Organizing the Research Literature: Building a Virtual Filing Cabinet |
|
|
34 | (2) |
|
|
|
36 | (1) |
|
|
|
37 | (4) |
|
|
|
41 | (2) |
|
Online Literature Reviews |
|
|
43 | (4) |
|
|
|
47 | (1) |
|
|
|
47 | (2) |
|
Chapter 2 Searching and Screening: The Practical Screen and Methodological Quality |
|
|
49 | (54) |
|
|
|
49 | (1) |
|
|
|
50 | (3) |
|
Search Screen 1: The Practical Screen |
|
|
53 | (3) |
|
Including and Excluding Studies: Typical Practical Screening Criteria for Literature Review Searches |
|
|
53 | (1) |
|
Practical Screening Criteria: Using Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria |
|
|
54 | (2) |
|
Search Screen 2: Methodological Quality Screening Criteria |
|
|
56 | (13) |
|
Criterion for Quality: Research Design |
|
|
57 | (2) |
|
Random Selection and Random Assignment: Two Examples |
|
|
59 | (3) |
|
Parallel Controls but No Random Assignment |
|
|
62 | (3) |
|
|
|
65 | (2) |
|
Historical Controls or Existing Data |
|
|
67 | (2) |
|
Observational Designs in Brief |
|
|
69 | (7) |
|
|
|
69 | (4) |
|
|
|
73 | (3) |
|
A Note on Other Designs and Studies: Cross-Sectional Surveys and Consensus Statements |
|
|
76 | (5) |
|
|
|
76 | (4) |
|
|
|
80 | (1) |
|
|
|
80 | (1) |
|
Internal and External Validity |
|
|
81 | (3) |
|
Criterion for Quality: Sampling |
|
|
84 | (5) |
|
|
|
84 | (1) |
|
Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria or Eligibility of Participants |
|
|
85 | (2) |
|
|
|
87 | (1) |
|
|
|
87 | (1) |
|
|
|
88 | (1) |
|
|
|
88 | (1) |
|
|
|
89 | (1) |
|
|
|
89 | (1) |
|
|
|
89 | (1) |
|
|
|
90 | (1) |
|
|
|
91 | (3) |
|
Nonresponse: Subjects and Items |
|
|
91 | (3) |
|
|
|
94 | (4) |
|
|
|
98 | (2) |
|
|
|
100 | (1) |
|
|
|
101 | (2) |
| Part 2 Data Collection, Interventions, Analysis, Results, and Conclusions |
|
103 | (146) |
|
Chapter 3 Searching and Screening: Methodological Quality |
|
|
105 | (50) |
|
|
|
105 | (1) |
|
|
|
106 | (1) |
|
Data Collection and Data Sources: Methods and Measures |
|
|
106 | (9) |
|
|
|
108 | (4) |
|
|
|
112 | (3) |
|
Interventions and Programs: Reviewing the Research Literature to Find Out What Works |
|
|
115 | (1) |
|
Two Versions of a Program Description |
|
|
116 | (2) |
|
Data Analysis: Statistical Methods in the Research Literature |
|
|
118 | (26) |
|
Statistical Methods and What to Look For: An Overview |
|
|
118 | (1) |
|
Independent and Dependent Variables |
|
|
119 | (2) |
|
Measurement Scales and Their Data |
|
|
121 | (2) |
|
Statistical and Practical Significance |
|
|
123 | (1) |
|
|
|
124 | (2) |
|
Which Analytic Method Is Best? |
|
|
126 | (6) |
|
|
|
132 | (2) |
|
|
|
134 | (2) |
|
Reviewing Qualitative Research |
|
|
136 | (6) |
|
Reviewing Mixed Methods Research |
|
|
142 | (2) |
|
|
|
144 | (3) |
|
|
|
147 | (3) |
|
|
|
150 | (1) |
|
|
|
151 | (1) |
|
|
|
151 | (1) |
|
|
|
152 | (3) |
|
Chapter 4 Doing the Review: A Reader's Guide
Chapter |
|
|
155 | (38) |
|
|
|
155 | (1) |
|
|
|
156 | (1) |
|
Types of Information: Methods and Content |
|
|
156 | (3) |
|
Eligibility and Actuality |
|
|
159 | (7) |
|
Reporting Standards: Checklists for Research Writing and Reviewing |
|
|
166 | (4) |
|
How TREND Was Used in a Literature Review |
|
|
170 | (3) |
|
Reliable and Valid Reviews |
|
|
173 | (2) |
|
Measuring Reliability: The Kappa Statistic |
|
|
173 | (2) |
|
Uniform Data Collection: The Literature Review Survey Questionnaire |
|
|
175 | (7) |
|
Uniform Data Collection: Definitions and More |
|
|
182 | (2) |
|
|
|
184 | (1) |
|
Pilot Testing the Review Process |
|
|
184 | (1) |
|
|
|
185 | (1) |
|
|
|
186 | (1) |
|
Collecting Data From the Literature: A Checklist |
|
|
186 | (1) |
|
|
|
187 | (1) |
|
|
|
188 | (1) |
|
|
|
189 | (4) |
|
Chapter 5 What Did You Find? Synthesizing Results |
|
|
193 | (56) |
|
|
|
193 | (1) |
|
|
|
194 | (2) |
|
Now That You Have Done It, What Do You Do With It? |
|
|
196 | (9) |
|
Reviews Describe Current Knowledge |
|
|
196 | (2) |
|
Reviews Support the Need for and Significance of New Research |
|
|
198 | (1) |
|
Reviews Explain Research Findings |
|
|
198 | (2) |
|
Reviews Describe the Quality of Current Research |
|
|
200 | (5) |
|
Descriptive Syntheses or Reviews |
|
|
205 | (4) |
|
Examples of Descriptive Literature Reviews |
|
|
205 | (4) |
|
|
|
209 | (1) |
|
|
|
209 | (1) |
|
|
|
210 | (1) |
|
|
|
210 | (1) |
|
|
|
210 | (1) |
|
|
|
210 | (16) |
|
What to Look for in a Meta-Analysis: The Seven Steps |
|
|
211 | (10) |
|
Fixed Versus Random Effects |
|
|
221 | (2) |
|
|
|
223 | (1) |
|
Large Studies Versus Meta-Analysis of Smaller Trials: Comparing Results |
|
|
223 | (1) |
|
|
|
224 | (1) |
|
Displaying Meta-Analysis Results |
|
|
225 | (1) |
|
Meta-Analyses in Practice: Examples |
|
|
226 | (7) |
|
|
|
226 | (7) |
|
Descriptive Review Versus Meta-Analysis |
|
|
233 | (1) |
|
|
|
234 | (5) |
|
The GRADE System for Assessing the Quality of Evidence |
|
|
239 | (1) |
|
|
|
240 | (2) |
|
|
|
242 | (2) |
|
|
|
244 | (1) |
|
|
|
245 | (2) |
|
|
|
247 | (2) |
| Glossary |
|
249 | (12) |
| Author Index |
|
261 | (6) |
| Subject Index |
|
267 | |
Lisainfo e-raamatute kohta