| Outline |
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xix | |
| Preface |
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xxiii | |
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Section I The Environment |
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1 | (2) |
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Part I The Environment - Natural, Ecological and Historical (Topography) |
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3 | (26) |
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1 Natural Sites and Places |
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5 | (6) |
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5 | (1) |
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1.2 Natural Places and Characteristics |
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5 | (1) |
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1.3 Creation of Man-Made Places |
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6 | (1) |
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1.4 Existential Space and Place |
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7 | (2) |
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1.5 Natural Landscape and Sensing |
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9 | (2) |
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10 | (1) |
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2 Ecological and Climatic Context and Basic Protection Needs |
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11 | (10) |
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11 | (1) |
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2.2 Climatic Zones and Natural Materials for Shelter |
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11 | (2) |
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2.3 Shelter Types, Uses and Purposes |
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13 | (1) |
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2.4 Socio-Cultural Factors and Human Needs |
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14 | (1) |
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2.5 Theory of Human Needs |
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15 | (3) |
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Exhibit 2.1 Basic Human Needs |
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18 | (3) |
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19 | (2) |
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3 Historical and Regional Development |
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21 | (8) |
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3.1 Historic Eras and Development |
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21 | (1) |
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3.2 Regional Variations, Early Cultures and Settlements |
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22 | (1) |
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3.3 Topography, Climate and Materials -- Form Determinants |
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23 | (1) |
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Exhibit 3.1 Individual Dwelling Types |
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24 | (5) |
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27 | (2) |
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Section II Human Behaviour and Design |
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29 | (2) |
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Part II Human Behaviour (Neuro-Physiology) |
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31 | (60) |
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4 The Brain, the Mind and Sensing |
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33 | (22) |
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4.1 The Brain and Neurological Systems -- Seeing, Touching and Hearing |
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33 | (1) |
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4.2 Seeing -- Visual Processing and Memory |
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33 | (2) |
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35 | (1) |
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4.4 The Mind -- Mental Learning and Thinking -- Cognition |
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36 | (2) |
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4.5 The Mind -- Visceral Feelings -- Emotion and Motivation |
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38 | (1) |
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4.6 Consciousness and Self |
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39 | (1) |
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4.7 Human Body and the Sensing of Form |
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40 | (1) |
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4.8 Meaning, Intentionality and Imagination |
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41 | (1) |
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4.9 Metaphor and Consciousness |
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42 | (3) |
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Exhibit 4.1 The Human Brain -- Neurological Sensing |
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45 | (10) |
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52 | (3) |
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5 The Eyes and the Visual System |
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55 | (20) |
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55 | (2) |
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5.2 Visual World and Visual Field |
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57 | (4) |
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5.3 Visual Perception and Affordances |
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61 | (1) |
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5.4 Perceptual Experience -- Visual System |
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62 | (1) |
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5.5 Visual System and Optic Arrays |
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63 | (2) |
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5.6 Recognition, Eye Movements and Analogue Theory |
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65 | (1) |
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Exhibit 5.1 The Human Eye |
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66 | (6) |
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72 | (1) |
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Exhibit 5.3 Perspective -- Sensory Shifts |
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73 | (2) |
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74 | (1) |
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75 | (16) |
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75 | (1) |
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76 | (2) |
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78 | (3) |
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6.4 The Senses and Multi-Sensory Experience |
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81 | (2) |
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6.5 Multi-Sensory Emotions, Feelings and Aspirations |
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83 | (2) |
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85 | (1) |
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Exhibit 6.1 The Human Ear |
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86 | (2) |
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Exhibit 6.2 The Human Senses |
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88 | (3) |
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89 | (2) |
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Part III Perceptual Experience of Form (Psychology and Phenomenology) |
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91 | (24) |
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7 Aesthetic Theories and Perception of Built Form |
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93 | (22) |
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93 | (1) |
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7.2 Theories of Perception |
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93 | (1) |
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7.3 Schematisation and Phenomena |
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94 | (2) |
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7.4 Equilibrium, Wholes and Re-centring |
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96 | (1) |
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7.5 Parts and the `Whole' |
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96 | (2) |
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7.6 Perceptual Properties |
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98 | (1) |
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98 | (1) |
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99 | (1) |
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100 | (2) |
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7.10 Perception and Cognition |
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102 | (2) |
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104 | (2) |
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7.12 Synopsis -- Perceptual Experience |
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106 | (2) |
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Exhibit 7.1 Principles of Configuration |
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108 | (3) |
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111 | (4) |
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113 | (2) |
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Part IV Grammar and Syntax of Form, and Composition |
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115 | (26) |
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8 Architectural Ordering, Composition, Form and Beauty |
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117 | (24) |
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117 | (1) |
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8.2 Grammar of Design and Syntax |
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118 | (4) |
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8.3 Composition and Characteristics |
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122 | (2) |
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124 | (1) |
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125 | (1) |
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8.6 Objects and Arrangements |
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125 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (2) |
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129 | (1) |
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Exhibit 8.1 Principles of Composition |
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130 | (2) |
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Exhibit 8.2 Basic Rules of Composition for Order and Unity |
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132 | (9) |
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140 | (1) |
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Part V Planning and Design Process, and Programme Requirements (Methodology) |
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141 | (48) |
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9 Design Framework, Methods and Approaches |
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143 | (24) |
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143 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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144 | (1) |
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9.4 Self-Conscious Design Approach |
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145 | (1) |
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9.5 Affordances and Behaviour Settings |
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146 | (1) |
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9.6 Programme Requirements |
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146 | (1) |
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9.7 Designing and Design Approaches |
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147 | (2) |
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9.8 Design Process, Reflection and Appraisal |
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149 | (6) |
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9.9 Intended Results and Evaluation |
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155 | (2) |
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9.10 Design of `Good' Form |
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157 | (1) |
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Exhibit 9.1 Nature of Design Requirements, Invention and Making |
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158 | (3) |
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Exhibit 9.2 Modern Design Approach -- Programme, Brief and Process |
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161 | (6) |
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164 | (3) |
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10 `Pattern Language' Approach |
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167 | (22) |
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167 | (2) |
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10.2 Order and Life -- "Wholeness' |
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169 | (2) |
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10.3 Life-Creating Transformations of Centres |
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171 | (2) |
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173 | (2) |
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10.5 Fundamental Maxim -- `Unity' of the `Whole' |
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175 | (1) |
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Exhibit 10.1 Pattern Language -- Properties |
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176 | (4) |
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Exhibit 10.2 Rules of Scale in Order |
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180 | (4) |
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184 | (2) |
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Exhibit 10.4 `Well' Building |
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186 | (3) |
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188 | (1) |
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Section III Form, Function and Fit |
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189 | (2) |
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191 | (130) |
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11 Physical Built Form in Space |
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193 | (14) |
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11.1 Form -- Mass and Spatial Volume |
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193 | (1) |
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11.2 Transformation of Form |
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193 | (1) |
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194 | (2) |
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11.4 Integration of Forms |
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196 | (1) |
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196 | (1) |
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197 | (1) |
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197 | (3) |
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11.8 Architectural Space, Enclosures and Vistas |
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200 | (1) |
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11.9 Spatial Qualities and Layout |
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201 | (1) |
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11.10 Light, Sound and Atmospheric Qualities in Built Form |
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202 | (2) |
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Exhibit 11.1 Principles of Articulation and Conjugation |
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204 | (3) |
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205 | (2) |
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12 Geometrical Layout and Organisation -- Axes, Shapes and Repeating Patterns |
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207 | (10) |
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207 | (1) |
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207 | (1) |
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208 | (1) |
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12.4 Rhythm and Repetition |
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208 | (1) |
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208 | (1) |
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209 | (2) |
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12.7 Generative Design Processes |
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211 | (1) |
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212 | (1) |
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12.9 Other Forms of Geometry -- Non-Euclidean |
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212 | (1) |
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12.10 Patterns of Repeating Elements for Decoration |
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213 | (1) |
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Exhibit 12.1 Principles in the Design of Decorative, Geometric and Motif Patterns |
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214 | (3) |
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216 | (1) |
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13 Proportion, Symmetry and Harmony |
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217 | (44) |
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13.1 Proportion -- History |
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217 | (3) |
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13.2 Proportion and Physical Relationships |
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220 | (1) |
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220 | (2) |
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222 | (1) |
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222 | (2) |
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224 | (2) |
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13.7 Latent Geometric Relationships |
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226 | (1) |
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226 | (1) |
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13.9 Anthropometrics and Human Factors |
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227 | (1) |
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227 | (1) |
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228 | (1) |
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13.12 Expressions of Form |
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229 | (1) |
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Exhibit 13.1 Principles of Proportion and Symmetry |
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230 | (3) |
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Exhibit 13.2 Types of Series, Proportion, Symmetry and Natural Growth |
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233 | (16) |
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Exhibit 13.3 Principles of Rhythm and Harmony |
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249 | (2) |
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Exhibit 13.4 Essay on Harmony as It Relates to Building -- Robert Morris |
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251 | (1) |
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Exhibit 13.5 Musical Harmony |
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252 | (5) |
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Exhibit 13.6 Rhythm and Syncopation in Built Form by Era |
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257 | (4) |
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258 | (3) |
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259 | (2) |
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14 Organisational Forms and Layout |
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261 | (14) |
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261 | (1) |
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14.2 Centralised Organisation |
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261 | (1) |
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261 | (1) |
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262 | (1) |
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14.5 Clustered Organisation |
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263 | (1) |
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14.6 Interior Enclosed Space |
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264 | (1) |
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Exhibit 14.1 Principles of Organisation and Arrangement |
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265 | (2) |
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267 | (4) |
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Exhibit 14.3 Japanese Design Arrangements for Dwelling |
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271 | (4) |
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272 | (3) |
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15 Functional Purpose and Use of Space |
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275 | (12) |
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275 | (1) |
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15.2 Utility, Significance and Purposefulness |
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275 | (1) |
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15.3 Use, Activities and Spatial Requirements |
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275 | (1) |
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15.4 Structural System and Components |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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278 | (1) |
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279 | (1) |
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280 | (3) |
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Exhibit 15.1 Principles of Function and Purpose |
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283 | (2) |
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Exhibit 15.2 Purposiveness |
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285 | (1) |
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Exhibit 15.3 Principles of Universal Design |
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286 | (1) |
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286 | (1) |
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16 Circulation, Plan and Elevation |
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287 | (8) |
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287 | (1) |
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287 | (1) |
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16.3 Dynamic Spatial Experience |
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288 | (1) |
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16.4 Configuration for Communication |
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289 | (1) |
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289 | (1) |
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16.6 Internal Circulation |
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289 | (1) |
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16.7 Stairs and Staircases |
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290 | (1) |
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290 | (2) |
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Exhibit 16.1 Principles of Communication and Circulation |
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292 | (3) |
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293 | (2) |
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295 | (26) |
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295 | (1) |
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295 | (2) |
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17.3 Pigments for Printing |
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297 | (2) |
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17.4 Complementary Colours |
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299 | (1) |
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300 | (3) |
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17.6 Colour Circle, Sphere and Star |
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303 | (1) |
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17.7 Perceptual Basis of Colour |
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304 | (3) |
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307 | (1) |
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17.9 Colour Serialisation |
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308 | (1) |
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Exhibit 17.1 Principles of Colour and Contrast |
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309 | (2) |
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Exhibit 17.2 Colour Parameters and Principles |
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311 | (6) |
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Exhibit 17.3 Contrast in Colour |
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317 | (4) |
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319 | (2) |
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Part VII Building Structure and Types |
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321 | (14) |
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323 | (12) |
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323 | (1) |
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323 | (1) |
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324 | (1) |
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324 | (1) |
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325 | (1) |
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18.6 Connections and Jointing |
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325 | (1) |
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326 | (2) |
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18.8 Maintainability and Sustainability |
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328 | (1) |
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18.9 Generative Parametrics |
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328 | (1) |
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328 | (1) |
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Exhibit 18.1 Principles of Structure |
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329 | (6) |
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331 | (1) |
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331 | (4) |
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Section IV Built and Urban Form |
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335 | (2) |
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Part VIII `Good' Practice - Built Form |
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337 | (38) |
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19 Buildings and Dwellings |
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339 | (36) |
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19.1 Space and Human Interaction |
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339 | (1) |
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340 | (1) |
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341 | (1) |
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19.4 Built Form Determinants |
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342 | (3) |
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345 | (1) |
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19.6 Use Types of Buildings |
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346 | (1) |
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19.7 Goals of `Good' Built Form |
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347 | (2) |
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Exhibit 19.1 Principles of Assembly -- Built Form |
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349 | (3) |
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Exhibit 19.2 Selective Modern `Good' Building Practice by Use Type |
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352 | (2) |
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Exhibit 19.3 Examples of Built Type Forms |
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354 | (4) |
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Exhibit 19.4 Modern Movements and Practitioners |
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358 | (2) |
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Exhibit 19.5 Iconic Modern Buildings |
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360 | (5) |
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Exhibit 19.6 Modern Iconic US Buildings |
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365 | (10) |
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368 | (1) |
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368 | (7) |
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Part IX `Good' Practice -- Urban Form |
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375 | (60) |
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377 | (58) |
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20.1 Form Determinants in Urban Settlements -- Natural and Man-Made Features |
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377 | (2) |
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20.2 Historical Developments |
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379 | (2) |
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20.3 Different Regional and Cultural Typologies |
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381 | (2) |
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20.4 Multi-Nucleus and Mixed Development |
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383 | (2) |
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385 | (1) |
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20.6 Elements of Urban Form |
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386 | (2) |
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388 | (1) |
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389 | (2) |
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20.9 Life Space and Topology |
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391 | (1) |
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20.10 Urban Form and Life |
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391 | (2) |
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20.11 Layout of Urban Neighbourhoods |
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393 | (2) |
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395 | (1) |
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396 | (2) |
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398 | (1) |
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20.15 Goals of `Good' Urban Form |
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398 | (2) |
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Exhibit 20.1 Principles of Emplacement -- Urban Form |
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400 | (3) |
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Exhibit 20.2 Urban Space Requirements |
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403 | (3) |
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Exhibit 20.3 Selective Modern `Good' Urbanistic Practice |
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406 | (4) |
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Exhibit 20.4 Urban Type Forms by Use Purpose |
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410 | (25) |
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411 | (1) |
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412 | (7) |
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419 | (4) |
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423 | (10) |
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433 | (2) |
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Appendix I.3.1 Ancient Settings -- Europe, Near East, Asia and Americas |
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435 | (14) |
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I.3.1.1 Neolithic Age 10 000--3000 BC -- Mid East and Europe |
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435 | (1) |
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I.3.1.2 Bronze Age 3000--1000 BC -- Europe and Mid East |
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436 | (1) |
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I.3.1.3 Ancient Iron Age 1000 BC to 0 AD -- Mid East |
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437 | (2) |
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I.3.1.4 Early Age 0--1000 AD -- Europe and Mid East |
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439 | (1) |
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I.3.1.5 Mesoamerica to 1500 AD |
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440 | (1) |
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I.3.1.6 North America to 1500 AD |
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440 | (1) |
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I.3.1.7 Asia and the Orient to 1500 AD |
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441 | (2) |
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I.3.1.8 Africa to 1500 AD |
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443 | (1) |
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I.3.1.9 Europe --- Mediaeval Cities After 1000 AD |
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443 | (6) |
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444 | (1) |
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444 | (5) |
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Appendix I.3.2 Ancient City Places |
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449 | (6) |
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451 | (2) |
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453 | (2) |
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Appendix II.6.1 Feelings of Space and Form in the Environment |
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455 | (6) |
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455 | (1) |
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455 | (1) |
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II.6.1.3 Complementarity of Form |
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456 | (1) |
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457 | (1) |
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457 | (1) |
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II.6.1.6 Opaque Geometry and Occlusion |
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457 | (1) |
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II.6.1.7 Sense of Spatial Perception |
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458 | (1) |
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459 | (2) |
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459 | (2) |
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Appendix II.6.2 Artificial Perception |
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461 | (4) |
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462 | (1) |
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463 | (2) |
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Appendix IV.8.1 `The Classical Orders' |
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465 | (8) |
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465 | (2) |
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467 | (1) |
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467 | (1) |
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467 | (1) |
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467 | (1) |
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468 | (1) |
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469 | (1) |
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469 | (1) |
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IV.8.1.9 Language -- Elements of Architecture |
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470 | (3) |
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471 | (1) |
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471 | (2) |
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Appendix IV.8.2 Aesthetic Judgement and Beauty |
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473 | (12) |
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IV.8.2.1 Utility and Delight |
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473 | (1) |
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473 | (1) |
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474 | (1) |
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IV.8.2.4 Assessment of Beauty |
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475 | (1) |
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IV.8.2.5 Interest and State of `Disinterestedness' |
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476 | (1) |
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IV.8.2.6 Form and Elegance |
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476 | (2) |
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IV.8.2.7 Aesthetic Theories and Self-Conscious Design |
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478 | (1) |
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IV.8.2.8 Sense of Beauty as Described in Different Eras |
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478 | (7) |
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481 | (2) |
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483 | (2) |
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Appendix V.9.1 Design Methods -- Comparative Historical Design Approaches and Pedagogy |
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485 | (20) |
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486 | (1) |
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V.9.1.2 Renaissance Design |
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486 | (1) |
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V.9.1.3 European Design Methods |
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487 | (4) |
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V.9.1.4 Modern International Design Methods |
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491 | (2) |
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493 | (3) |
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V.9.1.6 Rational Geometric Design |
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496 | (1) |
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V.9.1.7 Organicist Design |
|
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497 | (3) |
|
V.9.1.8 Modern Design Methods and Systems Approach |
|
|
500 | (2) |
|
V.9.1.9 Generative Computerised Design |
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|
502 | (3) |
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504 | (1) |
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Appendix V.10.1 Pattern Language -- Design and Human Needs (Illustration) |
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|
505 | (6) |
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508 | (1) |
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509 | (2) |
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Appendix VI.13.1 Decoration -- Patterns, Features, Motifs and Geometries of Repeating Elements |
|
|
511 | (14) |
|
VI.13.1.1 Decoration -- Materials, Methods and Techniques |
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|
511 | (1) |
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512 | (1) |
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VI.13.1.3 Pattern Groups -- Floral, Figurative, Geometric and Representational |
|
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512 | (2) |
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VI.13.1.4 Pattern Arrangements -- Lattices, Powdering, Borders and Features |
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514 | (3) |
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517 | (4) |
|
VI.13.1.6 Special Motifs and Symbols |
|
|
521 | (4) |
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524 | (1) |
|
Appendix VI.13.2 Ornament in Earlier Times and Historic Era |
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525 | (1) |
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525 | (1) |
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526 | (1) |
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VI.13.2.3 The Renaissance |
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527 | (1) |
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527 | (2) |
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VI.13.2.5 `General principles in the arrangement of form and colour in architecture and the decorative arts', -- The Grammar of Ornament -- Owen Jones |
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529 | (2) |
|
VI.13.2.6 Moresque Principles of Ornament -- Owen Jones |
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|
531 | (6) |
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534 | (1) |
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535 | (2) |
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Appendix VIII.19.1 Building Materials and House Types in Vernacular Britain |
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537 | (16) |
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537 | (3) |
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540 | (2) |
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VIII.19.1.3 Types -- Plan and Section |
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542 | (11) |
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546 | (1) |
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547 | (6) |
|
Appendix VIII.19.2 Building Elements and Features |
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553 | (12) |
|
VIII.19.2.1 Floors, Walls and Ceilings |
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|
553 | (1) |
|
VIII.19.2.2 Windows and Doors |
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554 | (1) |
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554 | (1) |
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555 | (10) |
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555 | (1) |
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556 | (9) |
|
Appendix VIII.19.3 Architectural Styles, Periods and Practitioners |
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|
565 | (4) |
|
VIII.19.3.1 Western Architecture |
|
|
565 | (1) |
|
VIII.19.3.2 Religious Periods |
|
|
566 | (1) |
|
VIII. 19.3.3 Composition Methods -- Theorists and Key Practitioners by Era |
|
|
567 | (2) |
|
Appendix VIII.19.4 Historic Ecclesiastic and Civic Buildings; Geometric Modern and Iconic Modern US Buildings |
|
|
569 | (26) |
|
VIII.19.4.1 Historic Ecclesiastical Buildings |
|
|
569 | (2) |
|
VIII.19.4.2 Historic Civic Buildings |
|
|
571 | (10) |
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|
574 | (7) |
|
VIII.19.4.3 Modern Geometric Buildings |
|
|
581 | (7) |
|
VIII.19.4.4 Modern Iconic Tower Buildings |
|
|
588 | (7) |
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|
593 | (2) |
|
Appendix IX.20.1 Urban Places |
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|
595 | (6) |
|
IX.20.1.1 Urban City Form -- Historic Places |
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|
595 | (3) |
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IX.20.1.2 Modern 20th Century Places |
|
|
598 | (3) |
|
Appendix IX.20.2 Sustaining Principles |
|
|
601 | (1) |
|
IX.20.2.1 `Ten Theses on Architecture' -- Rob Krier |
|
|
601 | (1) |
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IX.20.2.2 `Ten Principles on Which We Can Build' -- HRH The Prince of Wales |
|
|
602 | (1) |
|
IX.20.2.3 `The Hannover Principles' -- Expo 2000 World Fair, William McDonough |
|
|
603 | (1) |
|
IX.20.2.4 `One Planet -- Living Communities Programme' |
|
|
604 | (1) |
|
IX.20.2.5 Biophilic Design Principles |
|
|
605 | (6) |
|
|
|
610 | (1) |
|
Appendix IX.20.3 Urban Settlement Models and Patterns |
|
|
611 | (1) |
|
IX.20.3.1 Urban Form and Use Types |
|
|
611 | (2) |
|
IX.20.3.2 Urban Layout Principles |
|
|
613 | (1) |
|
IX.20.3.3 Organising Features |
|
|
614 | (2) |
|
IX.20.3.4 Building Form Types |
|
|
616 | (1) |
| Index |
|
617 | |