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E-raamat: EMI Filter Design, Third Edition

(Rockwell Collins, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, USA), (Consultant, Checotah, Oklahoma, USA)
  • Formaat: 272 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 19-Dec-2017
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
  • ISBN-13: 9781351833004
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  • Formaat: 272 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 19-Dec-2017
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
  • ISBN-13: 9781351833004
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With todays electrical and electronics systems requiring increased levels of performance and reliability, the design of robust EMI filters plays a critical role in EMC compliance. Using a mix of practical methods and theoretical analysis, EMI Filter Design, Third Edition presents both a hands-on and academic approach to the design of EMI filters and the selection of components values. The design approaches covered include matrix methods using table data and the use of Fourier analysis, Laplace transforms, and transfer function realization of LC structures. This edition has been fully revised and updated with additional topics and more streamlined content.

New to the Third Edition











Analysis techniques necessary for passive filter realization Matrix method and transfer function analysis approaches for LC filter structure design A more hands-on look at EMI filters and the overall design process

Through this bestselling books proven design methodology and practical application of formal techniques, readers learn how to develop simple filter solutions. The authors examine the causes of common- and differential-mode noise and methods of elimination, the source and load impedances for various types of input power interfaces, and the load impedance aspect of EMI filter design. After covering EMI filter structures, topologies, and components, they provide insight into the sizing of components and protection from voltage transients, discuss issues that compromise filter performance, and present a goal for a filter design objective. The text also includes a matrix method for filter design, explains the transfer function method of LC structures and their equivalent polynomials, and gives a circuit design example and analysis techniques. The final chapter presents packaging solutions of EMI filters.

Arvustused

"This 3rd edition book is an excellent resource for solving EMI problems. It provides a systematic procedure for identifying noise sources and provides the design tools needed to solve problems. It will be an invaluable reference book for working electrical engineers as well as students who want to learn about EMI filtering and EMI noise problems. ... The book is filled with design equations that can be immediately put to use by the reader. This book can be a guidebook for diagnosing troublesome EMI issues in existing designs, and it can also be used to prevent EMI issues from occurring in the first place because of the information in this book. ... This is a book that should be used by every electrical engineer involved with EMI issues. It is filled with design equations, but more importantly it will provide you with an understanding of EMI issues, thus, making you a better design engineer." John J. Shea, IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, March/April, Vol. 29, No.2, 2013

Preface xi
Acknowledgments xiii
Authors xv
Terms and Abbreviations xvii
Organization of the Book xix
1 EMI Filters
1.1 Introduction
1-1(1)
1.2 Technical Challenges
1-3(1)
1.2.1 Controlling Parasitic Uncertainty
1-4(1)
1.3 Types of EMI Filters
1-4(1)
1.3.1 AC Filters
1-4(1)
1.3.2 DC Filters
1-5(1)
1.4 No Such Thing as Black Magic
1-5(1)
1.5 It Is All in the Mathematics
1-6(1)
2 Why Call EMI Filters Black Magic?
2.1 What Is EMI?
2-2(1)
2.2 Regular Filters versus EMI Filters
2-2(1)
2.3 Specifications: Real or Imagined
2-3(1)
2.4 Inductive Input for the 220-A Test Method
2-7(1)
2.5 400-Hz Filter Compared with the 50- or 60-Hz Filter
2-8(1)
3 Common Mode and Differential Mode: Definition, Cause, and Elimination
3.1 Definition of Common and Differential Modes
3-1(1)
3.2 Origin of Common-Mode Noise
3-2(1)
3.3 Generation of Common-Mode Noise-Load
3-6(1)
3.4 Elimination of Common-Mode Noise-Line and Load
3-7(1)
3.5 Generation of Differential-Mode Noise?
3-10(1)
3.6 Three-Phase Virtual Ground
3-10(1)
4 EMI Filter Source Impedance of Various Power Lines
4.1 Skin Effect
4-2(1)
4.2 Applying Transmission Line Concepts and Impedances
4-5(1)
4.3 Applying Transmission Line Impedances to Differential and Common Modes
4-7(1)
4.4 Differences among Power Line Measurements
4-8(1)
4.5 Simple Methods of Measuring AC and DC Power Lines
4-8(1)
4.6 Other Source Impedances
4-12(1)
5 Various AC Load Impedances
5.1 The Resistive Load
5-1(1)
5.2 Off-Line Regulator with Capacitive Load
5-1(1)
5.3 Off-Line Regulator with an Inductor ahead of the Storage Capacitor
5-7(1)
5.4 Power Factor Correction Circuit
5-8(1)
5.5 Transformer Load
5-10(1)
5.6 UPS Load
5-11(1)
6 DC Circuit-Load and Source
6.1 Various Source Impedance
6-2(1)
6.2 Switcher Load
6-3(1)
6.3 DC Circuit for EMI Solutions or Recommendations
6-5(1)
6.4 Some Ideas for the Initial Power Supply
6-5(1)
6.5 Other Parts of the System
6-6(1)
6.6 Lossy Components
6-7(1)
6.7 Radiated Emissions
6-8(1)
7 Typical EMI Filters-Pros and Cons
7.1 The π Filter
7-1(1)
7.2 The T Filter
7-2(1)
7.3 The L Filter
7-3(1)
7.4 The Typical Commercial Filter
7-5(1)
7.5 The Cauer Filter
7-6(1)
7.6 The RC Shunt
7-7(1)
7.7 The Conventional Filters
7-8(1)
8 Filter Components-the Capacitor
8.1 Capacitor Specifications
8-1(1)
8.2 Capacitor Construction and Self-Resonant Frequency
8-2(1)
8.3 Veeing the Capacitor
8-3(1)
8.4 Margins, Creepage, and Corona-Split Foil for High Voltage
8-3(1)
8.5 Capacitor Design-Wrap-and-Fill Type
8-5(1)
9 Filter Components-the Inductor
9.1 Inductor Styles and Specifications
9-1(1)
9.2 Core Types
9-1(1)
9.2.1 Power Cores
9-1(1)
9.2.2 Ferrite Cores
9-3(1)
9.2.3 Tape-Wound Toroids
9-3(1)
9.2.4 C-Core Inductors
9-4(1)
9.2.5 Slug Type
9-4(1)
9.2.6 Nanocrystalline Common-Mode Cores
9-6(1)
9.3 High-Current Inductors
9-7(1)
9.4 Inductor Design
9-7(1)
9.5 Converting from Unbalanced to Balanced
9-8(1)
10 Common-Mode Components
10.1 Capacitor to Ground
10-1(1)
10.2 Virtual Ground
10-2(1)
10.3 Z for Zorro
10-2(1)
10.4 Common-Mode Inductor
10-3(1)
10.5 Common-Mode Calculation
10-7(1)
10.6 Differential Inductance from a Common-Mode Inductor
10-9(1)
10.7 Common-Mode Currents-Do They All Balance?
10-10(1)
11 Transformer's Addition to the EMI Filter
11.1 Transformer Advantages
11-1(1)
11.2 Isolation
11-1(1)
11.3 Leakage Current
11-2(1)
11.4 Common Mode
11-2(1)
11.5 Voltage Translation-Step Up or Down
11-2(1)
11.6 Transformer as a Key Component of the EMI Package
11-2(1)
11.7 Skin Effect
11-5(1)
11.8 Review
11-5(1)
12 Electromagnetic Pulse and Voltage Transients
12.1 Unidirectional versus Bidirectional .12-3
12.2 Three Theories
12-3(1)
12.3 Initial High-Voltage Inductor
12-4(1)
12.4 Arrester Location
12-5(1)
12.5 How to Calculate the Arrester
12-6(1)
12.5.1 Dynamic Resistance
12-7(1)
12.6 The Gas Tube
12-10(1)
13 What Will Compromise the Filter?
13.1 Specifications-Testing
13-1(1)
13.2 Power Supplies-Either as Source or Load
13-1(1)
13.3 9- and 15-Phase Autotransformers
13-2(1)
13.4 Neutral Wire Not Part of the Common-Mode Inductor
13-3(1)
13.5 Two or More Filters in Cascade-the Unknown Capacitor
13-3(1)
13.6 Poor Filter Grounding
13-4(1)
13.7 "Floating" Filter
13-5(1)
13.8 Unknown Capacitor in the Following Equipment
13-6(1)
13.9 Filter Input and Output Too Close Together
13-6(1)
13.10 Gaskets
13-8(1)
14 Waves as Noise Sources
14.1 Spike
14-1(1)
14.2 Pulse
14-3(1)
14.4 Power Spectrum-dB µA/MHz
14-4(1)
14.5 MIL-STD-461 Curve
14-5(1)
15 Initial Filter Design Requirements
15.1 Differential-Mode Design Goals
15-2(1)
15.2 Differential-Mode Filter Input Impedance
15-3(1)
15.3 Differential-Mode Filter Output Impedance
15-5(1)
15.4 Input and Output Impedance for a DC Filter
15-5(1)
15.5 Common-Mode Design Goals
15-7(1)
15.6 Estimation of the Common-Mode Source Impedance
15-8(1)
15.7 Methods of Reducing the Inductor Value due to High Current
15-10(1)
16 Matrices, Transfer Functions, and Insertion Loss
16.1 Synthesis, Modeling, and Analysis
16-1(1)
16.2 Review of the A Matrix
16-2(1)
16.3 Transfer Functions
16-5(1)
16.4 Review of Matrix Topologies
16-6(1)
16.5 π Filter
16-7(1)
16.6 L Matrix
16-9(1)
16.7 T Filter
16-12(1)
16.8 Cauer or Elliptic Matrix
16-13(1)
16.9 RC Shunt
16-15(1)
16.10 Filter Applications and Thoughts
16-16(1)
16.11 Single-Phase AC Filter
16-17(1)
16.12 Three-Phase Filters
16-21(1)
16.13 Low-Current Wye
16-22(1)
16.14 High-Current Wye
16-24(1)
16.15 Single Insert
16-24(1)
16.16 Low-Current Delta
16-25(1)
16.17 High-Current Delta
16-26(1)
16.18 Telephone and Data Filters
16-26(1)
16.19 Pulse Requirements-How to Pass the Pulse
16-26(1)
16.20 The DC-DC Filter
16-26(1)
16.21 Low-Current Filters
16-27(1)
17 Matrix Applications: A Continuation of
Chapter 16
17.1 Impedance of the Source and Load
17-2(1)
17.2 dB Loss Calculations of a Single π Filter
17-2(1)
17.3 Example of the Calculations for a Single n Filter
17-4(1)
17.4 Double π Filter: Equations and dB Loss
17-5(1)
17.5 Triple π Filter: Equations and dB Loss
17-6(1)
18 Network Analysis of Passive LC Structures
18.1 Lossless Networks
18-1(1)
18.2 Network Impedances Using Z Parameters
18-2(1)
18.3 Network Admittances Using Y Parameters
18-4(1)
18.4 Transfer Function Analysis-H(j&omegga;)
18-5(1)
18.5 Transfer Function Analysis-H(s)
18-7(1)
18.6 Coefficient-Matching Technique
18-8(1)
18.7 EMI Filter Stability
18-10(1)
19 Filter Design Techniques and Design Examples
19.1 Filter Design Requirements
19-1(1)
19.2 Design Techniques
19-2(1)
19.2.1 Intermediate CE Testing
19-2(1)
19.2.2 Previous Experience-Similar Application
19-3(1)
19.2.3 Analysis, Synthesis, and Simulation
19-3(1)
19.3 Filter Design Summary
19-4(1)
19.3.1 Predesign Objectives
19-4(1)
19.3.2 Define Design Flow
19-4(1)
19.4 EMI Filter Design Example
19-6(1)
19.4.1 Design Process
19-6(1)
19.4.2 Define Peak Harmonic Amplitude
19-6(1)
19.4.3 Define Harmonic Current
19-8(1)
19.4.4 Define Filter –3-dB Pole-Q Frequency for Differential Mode
19-11(1)
19.4.5 Insertion Loss Validation
19-13(1)
19.4.6 Design Example Summary
19-14(1)
19.4.6.1 Define Component Values
19-14(1)
19.4.6.2 Verify Pole-Q Frequency
19-14(1)
19.4.6.3 Define Characteristic Impedance of Filter
19-14(1)
19.4.6.4 Stabilize the Filter
19-15(1)
19.4.6.5 RC Shunt dQ Damping
19-17(1)
19.4.6.6 Series LR dQ Damping
19-19(1)
19.4.6.7 Addition of Common-Mode Choke
19-20(1)
19.4.6.8 Define Common-Mode Pole-Q Frequency
19-22(1)
19.4.6.9 Common-Mode Damping-dQ
19-25(1)
19.4.6.10 Filter Design Summary
19-26(1)
19.5 Four-Pole LC Structure
19-27(1)
19.5.1 Design Approach
19-28
20 Packaging Information
20.1 Layout
20-1(1)
20.2 Estimated Volume
20-3(1)
20.3 Volume-to-Weight Ratio
20-5(1)
20.4 Potting Compounds
20-6
Appendix A: K Values of Different Topologies A-1
Appendix B: LC Passive Filter Design B-1
Appendix C: Conversion Factors C-1
References R-1
Index I-1
Richard Lee Ozenbaugh is a consultant of EMI filter design and magnetics engineering for such companies as Hughes Aircraft Corporation, Parker Hannifin Aerospace, Franklin Electric, McDonnell Douglas, and Cirrus Logic. Involved in the electrical and electronics industries since the early 1950s, he has worked as a radar specialist for the U.S. Navy as well as an engineer for Hopkins Engineering and RFI Corporation.

Timothy M. Pullen is a principal electrical engineer at Rockwell Collins. He has over 25 years of experience in the research, design, and development of electronic systems for commercial and military applications, including power electronics, motor control, and full authority digital engine control technology. His areas of expertise include model-based design and control, analog circuit design, and filter design.